Classical and operant conditioning are two different ways people learn things and develop certain

Operant conditioning is “learning resulting from the response an organism receives following a behavior” (Burger, 2014). An example that I see of this is when I see children throwing tantrums in a grocery store because they did not get what they wanted. The parents give the child what it wants, and the child is no longer throwing a tantrum. The example of the child is showing a negative reinforcement. The negative reinforcement is taking away something troublesome because of the behavior that is acceptable (Burger, 2014). Another example that I have witnessed beforehand was when a child misbehaves in class, the teacher gives the child a timeout. This type of punishment is positive. Positive punishment is used to decrease a behavior and is showing

There are two learning processes that are used, classical condition and operant conditioning. One learning process used is classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response. I found two TV commercials that are excellent examples for classical conditioning. The first commercial I found is an Old Spice commercial. The ad starts off with an attractive man in a bathroom telling women to compare the men in their lives to him, stating that if men would stop using girl body wash they could be like him. The ad then moves to a boat where the man in the commercial offers the women in the audience two tickets to something they would enjoy and diamonds and then states that anything is possible if men used Old Spice as a body wash to smell like a man, not a lady. The second commercial I chose is a Nike advertisement. Throughout the advertisement there are young, attractive, fit, and famous people working hard to succeed.

Negative reinforcement is removing an unpleasant consequence when a behavior is exhibited in order to encourage said behavior. This was shown when

Classical conditioning effects everyday life especially in relation to phobias and addiction which will be discussed in this essay. Classical conditioning was founded by Ivan Pavlov. He believed that if a behaviour can be learned, it can also be unlearned too. This essay will highlight the importance of conditioning principles in explaining and treating problem behaviours. Classical conditioning has revolutionised behavioural therapies, such as flooding and systematic desensitisation to treat phobias, and aversion therapies to treat addictive behaviour.

The same website goes on to speaking about the classic and operant conditioning. "Classic conditioning occurs when a natural reflex responds to a stimulus. We are biologically 'wired ' so that a certain stimulus will produce a specific response." (On Purpose Associates, para. 5) We as human beings are all different but we each can learn the different from right and wrong just as Pavlov had taught the dogs. "Behavioral or operant conditioning occurs when a response to a stimulus is reinforced. Basically, operant conditioning is a simple feedback system: If a reward or reinforcement follows the response to a stimulus, then the response becomes more probable in the future." (On Purpose Associates, para. 6) If the behavior is good or bad and if that behavior was either rewarded or punish then it would be more likely kept in the minds of the child.

Classical and operant conditioning are two important concepts central to behavioral psychology. While both result in learning, the processes are quite different. In order to understand how each of these behavior modification techniques can be used, it is also essential to understand how classical conditioning and operant conditioning differ from one another. Both classical and operant learning are psychological processes that lead to learning. Here learning refers to the process by which changes in behavior, including actions, emotions, thoughts, and the responses of muscles and glands,

Operant conditioning has made a significant contribution into the development of psychology. However, as with most psychological theories, this theory it has its strengths and weaknesses. Nevertheless, operant conditioning, with both its positive and negative aspects, is very important in promoting learning of desirable behaviors or removal of undesirable

Operant conditioning relies on consequences to behaviors, and one of the consequences is reinforcement. Reinforcement has two options: positive and negative. Positive reinforcement consists of the presentation of a stimulus that strengthens the probability of the

Learning can happen in numerous ways, but all fall under the category of being either classical conditioning or operant conditioning when we are dealing with Psychology terms. These two habituation methods are very comparable in nature, but do possess very specific distinctions in their differences. The major difference between classical and operant conditioning is the type of behaviors being conditioned. Classical is focused more on reflex and automatic actions whereas operant deals more with voluntary actions. Classical and operant conditioning are also different in the way they are taught. Classical conditioning involves introducing the subject to a neutral signal before reaction. Classical conditioning has four basic principles

The experiment showed how classical conditioning can create phobias. In additional, generalization was presented when Albert started to fear the objects that share the same characteristics with the rat. These are two of the potential causes for phobia, but cannot explain all kinds of phobias. Besides, phobias can also be caused by operant conditioning and observational learning. Operant conditioning is defined as "a form of associative learning in which the consequences of a behavior change the probability of the behavior’s occurrence" (King 191). The probability of reoccurring behaviors is directly determined by the previous consequences. For example, if a person is drowned when he or she tries to learn swimming for the first time may associate the water with fear. As a result, the person may develop a phobia on water and less likely to

The theory of classical conditioning indicates that a phobia is acquired by a pain or traumatic event in the past. Davey (2009) emphasised that clearly, classical conditioning theory could not explain the acquisition of phobias with a simple example of a dental treatment, saying that not everyone acquired a dental phobic due to a painful dental treatment. Also, phobias tend to be persistent and the fact that it is infrequently to occur in actions, when it is paired a conditioned stimulus with the unconditioned stimulus. Watson’s studies suggest, a phobic through classical conditioning, when it is conditioned response to fear will last a lifetime, but is not really able to explain through classical conditioning. Though, It is specified that the process of learning should be repeated in order to get a conditioned emotional reaction, and it is necessary to refresh the action. Moreover, It indicates that after a conditioned response is gained it is possible that can be lessened or even disappeared within time and without intervention. This methodical problem indicates the study of classical conditioning could not be as elucidate model, as it seems in the

A substantial portion of behavior is learned, and this learning causes a relatively permanent change in behavior. There are several distinct types of learning, the form utilized in classical conditioning and operant conditioning is called associative learning. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning have different approaches and techniques used in their processes; however, they have the same goal, to alter the behavior or to influence a response from their subject(s). Classical conditioning and operant conditioning have several similarities along with their differences; forms of their behavioral influence have affected me throughout my life.

Behaviours are learned, hence behaviours can as well be unlearned and be replaced with new behaviours (Bustamante, Tennant & Ramo, 1996). The natural influence of certain environmental conditions has been shown to result in certain behaviours – sometimes for the better and sometimes for the worse (Ormrod, 2006). This also means that behaviours can be unlearned when they become intolerable. According to operant conditioning, one’s behaviour can be altered to be more likely to be repeated or reduced by giving them reinforcement and punishment (AP Psychology, n.d.) as it is believed that the behaviours can be picked up and upheld by consequences (OU, n.d.). By understanding this concept, in fact, operant conditioning principles has been widely used while this implication of control of reinforcement schedules has also been extended into early childhood settings. It is apparent that operant conditioning principles has had a profound influence on developing children’s behaviour; this essay will first discuss about the advantages of involving operant conditioning principles in early childhood setting, followed by an analysis of its disadvantages.

Learning theories are the structural foundation used to label how information is processed, stored and encoded during learning. Retention of knowledge is subjective and influenced by outside factors such as, an individual’s cognitive ability to process or retain information. Other influences are environmental, emotional or preexisting experiences or associations (Andreassi, 2000). To gain a better understanding of behaviorism in correlation to learning theories it is crucial to understand and grasp the meaning of associative learning. This process involves the association between two stimuli or a behavior and a learned stimulus. Associative learning is divided in to two central techniques, classical conditioning and operant condition. Classical and operant conditioning are basic methods of learning and conditioning is used to adapt a behavior or association through a stimuli or consequence (Ciccarelli, 2012). While classical conditioning and operant conditioning are key elements in associative learning, they have significant differences. A clear contrast between the two theories is whether the behavior or response produced is considered to be voluntary or involuntary.

Skinner believed that classical conditioning was limited to behaviors that are reflexively elicited. An operant describes behaviors that are "operate upon the environment to generate consequences." Reinforcement follows an operant and increases the likelihood of the operant being repeated.