Classroom Behavior: Annotated Bibliography

Challenging inappropriate behaviour posed by children nowadays is one of the most daunting issued faced by teachers. Few matters affect teachers more directly and persistently than managing classroom behaviour (Jim Docking, 2000). Being able to manage a classroom I found is one of the most fundamental aspects in being able to teach today. Through this critique I will investigate the different studies relating to behaviour management within a classroom, looking pacifically at several behavioural issues within a classroom and where they stem from, as well as looking into studies based on the praise system and how it is used in schools. I want to look at fundamental theorists and give a brief insight into their studies through my own experience and research I have looked into.

In chapter five, by Cris Tovani, “Why Am I Reading This” explains how educators need to establish a clear reading instructional plan. In order to accomplish understanding students need to concentrate on main ideas from the readings. Tovani explains that it is vital for teachers to model how students should hold their thinking or slow down their reading. Throughout the chapters she gives examples as question strategies, highlighting text, or summarizing key points. As this will benefit students in their reading assignment. Tovani also explains throughout the chapter that teachers should model thinking aloud. This strategy will benefit students on how to negotiate difficult text.

How Joey’s behavior is disruptive. He constantly talks out of turn, loudly, and off topic. His behavior constantly interrupts the lesson. He might cause the class to go off topic. He is also disrespectful to the teacher and other students. In the classroom, the goal of the teacher is to ensure all the students learn and have an equal opportunity to interact with the teacher. To accomplish it, harmony in communication is essential. However, because he talks out of turn, he prevents other students from sharing. Moreover, he mostly veers off the topic, which might cause the teacher to lose the attention of other students (Rehmat & Bailey, 2014). Finally, his loud voice is a nuisance and contributes to classroom noise. It prevents others

Use comprehension strategies to build literal and inferred meaning and begin to evaluate texts by drawing on a growing knowledge of context, text structures and language features

Reading is the beginning of every child’s learning. The basis of education begins with learning to read. Short (2010) explained that literature acts as “an inquiry to life” and a “way of knowing” (p. 50). However, in order to support children’s learning, it is essential to show children that learning is interesting from a young age. When Short first began teaching using worksheets and a basal reading program, she wrote, “I often felt that children were learning to read in spite of me” (p. 49). The students were not learning to think critically. However, when she began introducing literature circles to her students, she saw them “critically exploring their understandings with each other” (p. 49).

Reading comprehension may be the most important skill for any student to acquire and is therefore an area of particular interest to educators. Without adequate comprehension skills, students are limited in their reading, analytical and occupational abilities. To many, including the student’s themselves, comprehension or “good reading” skills begin and end with simple decoding. It is thought that if students can ‘read’ and define the vocabulary they are reading, then they also comprehend what is read. True comprehension goes far beyond decoding, however. True comprehension requires visualization of a text, predicting events in the text, making inferences about the text and clarifying what is not

Throughout the eighth grade year, my reading comprehension and analysis skills have dramatically strengthened. First, my reading comprehension abilities have strengthened over the year because of the strong vocabulary that filled the books I read. The books that used advanced terminology were Lord of the Flies, Fahrenheit 451 and Twelfth Night. Whenever I read a word I didn’t understand in these novels, I always searched for the definition. By using this effective reading strategy, I was able to strengthen my vocabulary while receiving a complete comprehension of the novel being analyzed. Lord of the Flies, Fahrenheit 451 and Twelfth Night were both challenging novels to read because of their sophisticated vocabulary. However, these challenging

Strategic readers monitor their thinking and recognize when errors are committed but they also know what strategy to use to correct the error. For example, they may need to reread the text to make sense, use context clues to understand unfamiliar words. No matter what the obstacle is, a fix-up strategy is applied. The K-W-L is a well- known teaching technique to assist in the monitoring strategy. The K-W-L chart provides the teacher and students opportunity to participate in discussions before, during, and after reading. It helps the student to ask and answer questions, identify the main idea and detail, and summarize the text (Santoro, Baker, Fien, Smith, and Chard, 2016 p. 284).

4th grade students will be provided with shapes that they can trace on their illustrations.

Luke, Woods, and Dooley start the article by describing what comprehension is. They identify comprehension as, “a cognitive, but also social and intellectual, phenomenon, and that narrow understandings of comprehension are insufficient for literacy education for diverse and

Reflecting on Olson’s argument allows us to make a few parallels with the current rapid shift from paper to screen in the context of reading and literacy and look how it might affect it. The general idea of reading in this chapter can be understood as an act of recognizing graphic symbols, no matter where these symbols are, as almost anything can be “read”. The challenging fact is that literacy is the ability to read but not just to read the words, but to make sense of them, while understanding cannot be graphically represented at all. Thus, reading requires a certain level of competence that one must acquire in order to be called literate in reading. Even if one is

Academic reading is one of the most essential tools in college. It shows us (as students) that we can read for pleasure, but at the same time read to gain knowledge in subjects we did not know before. On page 41 in the book Curious Writer it shows a diagram of purpose and examples of questions that readers’ may have when reading I have used it before and it works because it lets the reader think in a more broader perspective, generate more questions, and find the answers to those questions (aside from the examples’ the book provides). Even when you read (pg. 43, topic Beliefs About Reading) sometimes the text it can make you question or rethink your original beliefs that the reader may have before.

Students that attend Overlea high school come from low-income families from Baltimore City. For example, 75.7% of the students are from Baltimore city, and 72% of students receive a free or discounted lunch. These students also have low reading scores and low science scores, for example, only 17% of students show proficient in science, and 21% of students show proficient in reading. I will address the specific needs of my target population by incorporating activities that will introduce them to close reading activities so that they can practice how to read and comprehend complex science text. I will also introduce them to graphic organizers like the Frayer model, concept map model and KWL chart, which will help them understand complicated words

The read/write learner is advised to: develop lists, make outlines, obtain study guides, take notes, and write words to the notes several times. It is also recommended to read notes silently, rewrite and paraphrase ideas into other words. Converting graphs, charts, and diagrams into worded statements help the student with a strong read/write preference to understand the meanings contained in the visual material. Meaning is found in words; therefore the student with a read/write learning preference should search for words that describe the meaning of a concept by breaking the concept into textual points. (Fleming, n.d.).

Disruptive behaviors are conditions that can have a great influence in the teaching environment. Disruptive behaviors unswervingly hinder the ability of the teacher or the capability of a learner to benefit from their classroom experiences. Students attend schools with hopes of being productive citizens of society. I like to think of students as future leaders of tomorrow! For the most part, students attend school because it is the law. A learning environment should have actively engaged students, who are eager to participate and show knowledge is being acquired on a daily basis. However, some students are bored and disengaged with academic struggles, due to non-active lessons. Certain life factors such as family problems, financial difficulties are all factors that distract and contribute to students disruptive behaviors. One of the most detrimental settings for a teacher in a class is classroom management. Classroom management is defined as being "the methods and strategies an educator uses to maintain a classroom environment that is conducive to student success and learning" (McCreary, 2011). Disorderly student conduct is unfavorable to the entire academic process because they impede with the learning process of other classmates and cause teachers not to be able to instruct teachers most effectively.