Cleft Palate Research Paper

There are a number of possible types of these births. These include thoracopagus, the most common, affecting 35% of all conjoined twin births, where the chest wall is shared, and often the heart. Pygopagus is another type, occurring in 19% of all cases, where the twins are joined at the buttocks. Two significantly less occurring patterns are ischiopagus, 6%, connected at the tailbone, and craniopagus, 2%, with a fused skull. Some other commonly occuring types include cephalopagus, with the upper torso and back of the cranium fused, and dicephalus, having two heads and necks connected to one body. Cephalopagus and craniopagus twins are rarely operated on, because the brain is such a delicate organ on which to operate, especially when shared brain tissue is involved. Other types include parapagus, a lateral fusion of the lower half of the body, and omphalopagus, joined frontally at the midsection. Finally there is parasitic twinning, where one twin is dependant upon the other for life, and often one is misformed, lacking organs or fully formed parts (www.twinstuff.com).

Asymmetry of the orbits leads to strabismus [crossed eye] (Craniosynostosis). Intracranial pressure can develop if the baby has Complex Synostosis, and can affect the baby in various ways, like a full or bulging fontanelle [soft spot located on the top of the head], sleepiness [or less alert than usual], increased irritability, poor feeding, projectile vomiting, seizures, bulging eyes, development delays, blindness, eye movement disorders, cognitive impairment [affects memory or thinking skills], or in rare instances, death. The risk of intracranial pressure from simple synostosis is small, as long as the suture and head shape are fixed surgically. Doctors cannot predict which children will develop this pressure problem; however, with more than one suture fused, the likelihood of increased pressure is higher. Surgery is typically the recommended treatment because the physician can reduce the pressure in the head and correct the deformities of the face and skull bones, but some children may not require surgery (Craniosynostosis).

In addition to this it usually happens between 6 to 9 weeks of pregnancy. The final fact about cleft palates is that most of them can lead to ear infections. Another fact about cleft palates each year two thousand six hundred fifty children are born with a cleft palate. Lastly surgeries for a cleft palate are recommended at 18

There are many different types of cerebral palsy. “Types of cerebral palsy are classified by the type of movement problems caused by brain impairment, or by the parts of the body that are affected.” (Mecham, 1986)

The cleft needs to be repaired (through surgical interventions like palatoplasty) because it’s extremely important for feeding and swallowing, as well as speech. Similar to sleep, without sufficient nutrition, an individual will not be able to fully develop. A lack of sufficient nutrition will affect an individual’s cognitive ability, as well as their physical health. This is why surgical intervention is such a critical component of the process and one of the steps that is completed earlier on in the process. In addition to cleft palates, velopharyngeal insufficiency is a common symptom for about forty percent of individuals with TCS, and is often related to a cleft palate. Velopharyngeal insufficiency can be related to issues with breathing and feeding. It is also related to articulation problems and hypernasality. The articulation issues are likely due to the lack of ability to build pressure and without pressure consonants are altered (Goorhuis-Brouwer & Priester, 2008,

Cleft palate is a birth defect that occurs when the roof of the baby’s mouth does not form properly. The tissue that makes up the roof of the mouth does not form completely. This can happen both front and back of the palate or only part of the palate is open. (CDC)

Cerebral palsy occurs when there is lack of oxygen to a baby’s brain when being delivered. This causes brain damage which can then cause problems when trying to reach development norms. Cerebral palsy affects a child’s

The baby now has a CRL of about 10 inches which is 25 cm long. Eyelids are usually fused together until 28 weeks.

The opening can either be a very small slit or it can be very large. A cleft pallet is theoretically the same idea just a little different. The cleft pallet happens when the tissue and muscle forming the roof of the mouth doesn’t fully touch before the baby is born leaving a hole or slit on the roof of the mouth. (Facts about Cleft Lip…) In an article titled Facts about Cleft Lip/ Pallet it says, “Children with a cleft lip with or without a cleft palate or a cleft palate alone often have problems with feeding and speaking clearly and can have ear infections. They also might have hearing problems and problems with their teeth” As you can see, the effects of cleft lip/ cleft pallet are not fatal but can have a toll on the growth of the child and their

Stickler Syndrome - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). (n.d.). Retrieved April 20, 2016, from http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/stickler-syndrome/

Individuals with cleft palate may experience secondary disorders such as feeding and suckling difficulties in infancy, facial deformities, hypernasality, and difficulty maintaining sufficient intraoral pressure to properly produce pressure consonants. These problems can occur at multiple stages as a child grows into adolescence and young

For him Goldenhar syndrome meant a large left facial cleft, extreme cleft palate, the absence of his left ear, an underdeveloped left eye and 2 hemi-vertebrae located in the middle of his spine and at the top of his spine causing congenital scoliosis. Jeremy was immediately admitted to the NICU and stayed there for almost 6 weeks. In February of 2000 Jeremy underwent one of many facial surgerys at the young age of 5 months old. At 18 months old Jeremy had surgery to fix his cleft palate, because of some complications with breathing Jeremy ended up having to get a tracheostomy tube. Also Jeremy had to get xrays every 6 months to see if his congenital scoliosis was progressing. In October 2001 Jeremy had a spinal fusion to correct his scoliosis. He had to stay in a body cast for 4 months. At the age of 4 Jeremy had another facial surgery to finish correcting the abnormalities. This time they corrected the jaw bone to get the left side of his face the same as his right side” (Cleft Palate Foundation,

Additionally, reduced growth of the midface (hypoplastic maxilla) results in the chin appearing to protrude further than normal (mandibular prognathism). One symptom that is not representative of the failure of the first branchial arch, is that those with Crouzon Syndrome tend to have shorter humerus and femur bones, compared to those without the disease. In more severe forms of the disease syndactyly (fusing of digits) can also

First, there are simply physical factors that may contribute. First, it could obviously be many different types of brain defects, like it not being developed all the way. Another physical factor could be breathing issues. The baby could have a respiratory infection. It is proven that most babies who have died from SIDS has recently had a cold beforehand. Another physical possibility could be low birth weight. This includes premature

Throughout the first 10 weeks of pregnancy, the baby's tissues and bones of the nose, upper jaw, and mouth are forming the roof of the upper lip and mouth. This is called a fuse and when they do not fuse a cleft happens. A cleft looks like a small opening on the lip, or it could go into the nose and the gums. A cleft palate can be different in size, it could affect just the soft palate, which is at the back of the throat. It can also make a hole in the hard palate toward the front of the mouth. A cleft on one side of the mouth is called an “unilateral clefting” and a cleft both sides of the mouth is called a “bilateral clefting”. Most clefts are separated into three categories, most common in boys is cleft lip by itself and cleft lip and cleft