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Climate Change And C Cycle

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Chapter 2
LITERATURE VIEW
2.1 Climate Change and C Cycle
Global warming is becoming a critical environmental threat of society due to greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, resulting in efforts to either eliminate the emissions or to improve the carbon storage. Hence, C cycle has been considered as a major role in remediation and causing of the global climate change (Noble, 2001).
Schlesinger (1995) reported on C distribution and circulation among four major pools: oceans, soils, atmosphere and plants (Figure 2-1). Currently data show that oceans are the largest C reservoirs (38,000 Pg), follows by soils, 3,200 (1,500 as SOC), atmosphere, 750 Pg and terrestrial plants is the smallest C pool with 560 Pg C stored (Post et al., 1990; Lal et al., …show more content…

The potential of global soil C sequestration is shown in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1. Global soil C sequestration potential estimation

Soil Soil C Sequestration potential Reference

Pg C yr-1 ?

Permanent pasture 1.87 Conant et al., 2001

Desertification control 1.00 Squires et al., 1995

World cropland 0.43~0.57 Lal and Bruce, 1999

Tropics soils 0.28~0.54 Lal, 2002

The world?s degraded soils (1216 Mha) and agricultural soils (4961 Mha) both have high potential for C sequestration. Historical data shows that there were 40 Pg of SOC lost in these soils. Considering these soils have capability to sequester C, it is important to realized that the there is a way to reverse the SOC depletion process. Based on Table 2.1, the total potential of soil C sequestration is around 0.6 to 1.2 Pg C/ year, in which the world cropland could sequester C at the rate of 0.4 to 0.6 Pg C/ year (Lal, 2000) and the desertification control has the C sequestration potential around 0.2 to 0.6 Pg C/year. Conant et al., (2001) pointed out that the grassland also has relative high potential of C sequestration, which can be included in desertification control. These data implies that with 50 years accumulative sink (30-60

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