Clocking Cultures By Carol Ezzell Analysis

“Being WEIRD: How Culture Shapes the Mind,” by Ethan Watters, is a compelling article that challenges the reader’s perception on culture and cognition. Instead of cognition affecting culture, our culture affects our cognition. It’s interesting to conceptualize, and it makes one have to introspect their culture, beliefs, attitudes, and actions. Why do we do behave the way that we do? Are our thoughts our own? How much of us is influenced by our environment? This effect of culture can be rooted in our childhoods. We are taught societal norms and how to view, categorize, and perceive the world through the lens of the environment surrounding us. A prime example of this comes from the games we played growing up.

time,” is a statement which this book The Daughter of Time demonstrated very well. It showed how

Culture is a strong determinant of people's views of the very nature and meaning of

"Social Time: The Heartbeat of Culture", is an article for Robert Levine and Ellen Wolff, it extend readers with the authors’ viewpoints and research about ‘time-sense’ in different cultures. Robbert and Wolff emphasize that there is difference of ‘time-sense’ in two levels, which are inter cultural and cross cultural. When we move into a new culture, understanding the differences of ‘time sense’ might help us to set ourselves to new people and also new places. The author also describe how ‘time sense’ vary in different cultures is more explained by the author’s experience and research. Having lived in Brazil meaning "tomorrow" referring to that Brazilians usually defer whatever they need to do. To find out if "the ‘manha’ pattern

In E.P. Thompson’s essay “Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism”, he argues how the rise of standardized time, which coincided with employed labor and capitalism, changed how people view time from how “time passes” to “time spent”. Time became a commodity in which it could be bought and sold. Time that was not spent “properly” was considered wasted, which Thompson calls time-thrift, which preindustrial societies were not very preoccupied with in comparison. Thompson explores this transition of the sense of time in relationship to the Industrial Revolution, benefits and disadvantages to the new time-discipline, and a possible mixture of the old and new time-disciplines in the future.

Macbeth’s downfall is began with his inability understand how time can control every aspect in your life. Time controls every aspect of life for humans. Time determines when we wake up to go to school to how long you are able to live. In Shakespeare’s Macbeth the protagonist Macbeth deals with the constraints of time and how time persuade him into making critical decisions. During his life William Shakespeare wrote sonnet 73 a well acclaimed sonnet, dealing with death, and how time affects everyone. About the constraints of time article called “What’s Your Time Perspective?” written by Jane Collingwood discusses how time can impact decisions we make constantly and how we feel about things in our daily lives. Peter Dizikes’ article “Does Time Pass?” talks about the different ways people can perceive time and how you relate to it in your life. Dizikes is a staff writer for the well renowned MIT news and reports mainly on science, technology, and intellectual life. The relationship of humans to time is humans rely on time to plan their lives around and constantly make choices based on time.

Ethos is a literary device which focuses on the author’s credibility, making the reader trust them. Pathos is a literary device which focuses on the reader’s emotional triggers, making the reader sympathize. Logos is a literary device which focuses on logistics and facts, forming an argument the reader cannot easily argue against. When Hunt describes this “country of ours,” the reader instantly feels a connection to the author and the country due to the use of ethos with the collective word “our.” Hunt uses the example of a “little child” whose “heart leaps up,” by the use of pathos, appealing to the emotional, loving side of readers. Earlier on in the article, Hunt claims that “it is the business of civilized man to adorn and improve his own well-being,” which readers cannot easily argue against, thus displaying logos. Combining these literary devices can form a strong essay to persuade

Three ways that people in monchronic and polychronic cultures differ may be identified in viewpoints of time, concentration, and commitments.

Time, from one person’s experience to another, from day to day, from emotion to emotion, varies more than the individuals who experience it. Yet time still can be measured. People, almost from the earth’s inception, have had a desire to regulate time. This is still seen today, with all the watches, phone clocks, wall clocks, analog clocks, digital clocks, grandfather clocks, atomic clocks, timers, and stopwatches. Unfortunately, while it is possible to measure the actual emissions from an atom’s atomic transition, it is impossible to measure time perception in different circumstances. Both the poem “Time Is”, and the statue “Father Time”, portray the integral role of time in humanity.

Time is changing our way of living. We all think, Time is the key to success. Everything is based and control by time. In order words, time controls this world. “Time and the Machine” by Aldous Huxley and “A Blizzard under Blue Sky” by Pam Houston, both of these authors tell how time is changing our lives.

Rushkoff talks about how society is living in the now “presentism”. This is important to Rushkoff because he wants CEO’s of businesses to strive to catch up with society and stop running their businesses like it was the Industrial age. This analogy Rushkoff uses helps understand and further explain how presentism has become the social norm, while pushing out the past and future. Rushkoff states, “On the analog clock, each second is a portion of a minute, and each minute a portion of the day. Time is in motion. On the digital clock, time is static. A number. A now” (Rushkoff 114). Rushkoff uses two different types of clocks to represent how we have gone from having time in motion, moving forward to the new digital clocks, which does not show active motion all the time the only motion we see is when the numbers change over. This is an interesting analogy because it really gives us a plain and simple way to understand his key term presentism. The clocks also tie into culture as well. Our culture has changed from the industrial era where we were looking to the future, to the modern era where we are focused on what is happening right now, and not thinking of what is going to happen later or what has already happened. Since we now are only concerned with the present it has begun to shape the way we see history. “Consumers care less about the story….” (118). Rushkoff really brings us into society and how history has fallen to the

Time is an important aspect of communication. (Giger Newman & Davidhizar, 2002) Time is important to individuals and cultural beliefs. For example, there are cultural groups who pray in a certain time of day, so as a nurse you have to be aware and respect those times. Cultural groups may be past, present, or future oriented. (Giger Newman &

     The Africans use what is called a phenomenal calendar, rather than a calendar that is based on traditional time. Time is established by using events rather than time itself. A day is also constructed this way. Time is not known, it is perceived. Nine o’clock is not nine o’clock; rather nine o’clock is when the cattle are milked. Time is referred to as the event in which is taking place during that part of the day.

Previous research by Malotki (1983) indicated that this finding was never approved as reliable data. This dilemma will be analyzed later on in reference to a contemporary study consisting of English and Mandarin native speakers and their ensuing concepts of time.

It is paradoxical to have a course, which revolves round the corrosiveness of faulted Western notions of time and its depiction through abstraction, identify itself with an abstract title but argue for the concreteness and tangibility of the portrayal of time and space. A Place Beyond Time does just that. Containing a vastly abstract title, A Place Beyond Time may at first glance appear to properly relate time as a tangent notion with space. Upon further contemplation, however, it becomes patent that A Place Beyond Time possesses a conspicuous absence present in its philosophy of aloofness from intangibility. And although the name of the course attempts to tackle and manifest the complications of abstract and concrete time, it is through its lack of definition and precision, lack of possession, and lack of sensation of repetition that A Place Beyond Time fails to properly capitalize on this dilemma.