Fierce, magnificent, and free. On June 20, 1782 the bald eagle was unofficially declared as the representative of the United States of America. Instead of protecting the national emblem, “on July 4, 1976, the US Fish and Wildlife Service officially listed the bald eagle as a national endangered species” (History of…). The representation of the country’s freedom, strength, and beauty lies heavily on this bird; if it were to become an extinct species, what would that say for the United States? There is a very realistic and near-future solution: cloning. The topic of cloning, which has become a part of modern-day society, is a controversial topic because it has become an unfathomable concept to those who still hold the traditional values. …show more content…
The cell grows into a normal egg and the egg grows into a normal baby that is then born (Tamang). The third way a clone can be created is the “Honolulu Technique.” It is the most recent and most effective technique. Donor nuclei are enucleated and inserted into egg cells. There is no vitro (fertilization of an egg in a laboratory dish or test tube) like nuclear transfer. The egg cells are placed in a chemical culture to jumpstart the cell’s growth, just like fertilization in nature. The cells develop into embryos which will be transplanted into a surrogate mother and born like a normal baby ("Three Ways…”). Frozen zoos collect sperm, cells, and other tissues of endangered and even extinct animals and are important to the success of saving endangered species (Hembree). The cells are kept viable for an indefinite amount of time due to frozen zoos. These frozen zoos allow scientists to extract certain genes that need to be added back into a gene pool of a certain species and can reduce the amount of illnesses and diseases by not reproducing animals with those sicknesses (Friedman). Technology is the sole reason cloning is even possible, but it is not enough to save endangered species on its own. Due to technology, extinct species may even possible be brought back into existence. A closely related species, currently living, that could serve as a surrogate mother and a well-preserved source of DNA from the extinct
Unlike some movies, cloning in real life doesn’t produce a full grown exact replica of someone. A type of cloning that occurs naturally is when identical twins are born (“What Is Cloning?”). Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a type of cloning that has to be done in a lab. In SCNT they take the nucleolus out of an egg cell, replace it with the nucleolus of a somatic cell (body cell with two complete sets of chromosomes), and make the egg cell divide into a blastocyst (“What Is Cloning?”).
We should clone endangered and extinct animals because they can help cure diseases that we don’t know how to do today or that we don't have the ability to do today. It is a good idea to clone animals because
For the longest time, in our history and modern times, people have thought of animals as friends and even sometimes sacred beings. Cloning would allow you to keep your friend back from the dead as a new being. The article states that certain labs are using cloning to help bring back endangered species, as well. This is important because there are many animal species that are endangered, soon
Cloning, or somatic cell nuclear transfer, involves complex maneuvering. A cell is first taken from the body of the person or animal to be cloned. It is then inserted into an egg cell whose nucleus has been removed, thus creating the equivalent to a zygote, or fertilized egg. After certain chemical adjustments, the cells of the zygote divide and multiply, as if it had been created from an egg and sperm. The zygote becomes a blastocyst, an early-stage, five-day-old embryo consisting of about 150 stem cells. If the blastocyst is placed into a surrogate mother’s uterus, it could possibly develop into a fully grown person, a replica of the original cell’s donor.
Many people believe cloning is unethical and unusful. These individuals believe that cloning should not be practiced, because it infringes upon their beliefs. They see cloning as a last resort and do not trust the science of cloning. “Several governments have considered or enacted legislation to slow down, limit or ban cloning experiments outright” (Freudenrich 5). Many people think that cloning a species is a very unideal situation, because it uses loose policies. However the many benefits of cloning far outway the few disadvantages. Cloning endangered species is beneficial to saving most species around the world, in countries like the United States and China,
The science in biology allows us to discuss living things, organisms, and the creation of life. The United States banned all kinds of cloning in 2005, but there is still a curiosity in if it can lead to improvement in human existence. Cloning is about composing an identical organism out of the given DNA and constructing it to appear as natural as it originally did. Experiments and approval for human cloning may be in many years to come and out of reach today. As far as animal cloning, we know to a point it’s safe. If we continued the exploration in genetic replication on species, breeding animals can enable us to provide food for a growing global population, and save endangered species. An article like Dolly the Sheep’s Fellow Clones, Enjoying Their Golden Years, the writer brings attention to cloning as being a possible answer to the problems we harbor
Cloning has opened the doors and provided optional ways to resolve various world problems. Right now, cloning is being used for many purposes in improving the lives of the people, especially therapeutic and reproductive cloning. Therapeutic cloning is leading to find new treatments or cures for common diseases that are affecting people around the world, while the goal of reproductive cloning allows people to produce things that died to help seek redress for their losses, and the idea of cloning more things can be used to serve difficult tasks in the world. Not only that, cloned animals are used for their organs to replace damaged parts of a human body. The science of cloning can lead to many unknown consequences; however, we should not consider
Cloning, an ethical issue that has been pressed across the globe, has become a substantial debate throughout a majority of nations. The incorporation of a new type of reproduction in the United States has a plentiful amount of benefits for certain animals and objects, but duplicates of humans is hard to comprehend for many people across America. Currently, cloning is an interesting topic that could become a new way to improve reproduction of animals and humans, prevent diseases, and increase the overall health of Americans.
In understanding why some chose to reject or accept the practice of cloning, basic knowledge how cloning is achieved becomes helpful. Some reject cloning because they believe humans are "playing God", others claim that scientists do not "create life" by cloning any more than they would in the practice of in vitro fertilization. According to the American Heritage College Dictionary, cloning is "to reproduce or propagate asexually". This is obviously not the traditional form of human reproduction. There are three basic methods of cloning: separating the embryo and making twins with the same genetic make-up, taking a cell from a fertilized ovum when the cell begins to split and replace it in another female's ovum, or nuclear transplantation (Travis). The famous cloning of an adult ewe, who's offspring was named Dolly, was accomplished through the second method by Dr. Ian Wilmut and his colleagues at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, Scotland (World Book). Dolly was "born" by taking genetic material from cells in the mammary glands of a 6 year-old ewe and putting the acquired cells into an unfertilized ovum. Out of 277 tries, researchers eventually produced only 29 embryos that survived longer than 6 days, of these 29, all died before
There are three different approaches to de-extinction that seem most likely to succeed: cloning, back-breeding, and genetic engineering. Both back breeding and genetic engineering will not produce an animal that has exactly the same genome as the extinct species. Because of this, scientists favor cloning since it would yield a genomic twin to the extinct species (Sherkow and Greely ). Cloning is also by far the most controversial of the approaches.
There are three types of ways to produce a clone first one is gene cloning and that creates a copy of the genes or parts of DNA. Reproductive cloning makes a copy of whole animals. Then Therapeutic makes embryonic stem cells. The most used is therapeutic cloning.
Animal cloning might sound like a good and successful idea to fix extinction; however, the success rate is at a low. According to the article “What are the Risks of Cloning?”, the success rate ranges from 0.1 percent
To clone endangered or extinct species, you need a well-preserved source of DNA from the animal, and a closely related species, currently living, that could serve as an egg donor and mother. According to BBC, scientists have cloned endangered mountain goats, but the longest surviving goat died after birth. Although cloning endangered species would grow their population, it would not solve the problem of how they became endangered or extinct.
Cloning can actually occur in or outside of a lab. In the lab, modern genetic technologies can be used to porduce clones of organims. "There are three types of cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning, and therapeutic cloning. Gene cloning is essentially recombinant DNA technology, where a piece of foreign DNA is inserted into a vector, which can be copied by a host cell. Therapeutic cloning involves the production of patient-matched stem cells for disease treatment. Here we focus on reproductive cloning of organisms."(Cloning). In the case of reproductive cloning, the process clones and entire organism. The DNA from a donor cell gets transferred to an egg cell in which the DNA has been removed. The egg cell is “activated” and it starts splitting equally like it was fertilized. "An embryo results, and this embryo is then transferred to the uterus of a surrogate female. After gestation is complete, the surrogate will give birth to the clone, which is a genetic copy of the animal from which the original cell was taken."(Cloning). This type of artifical cloning is most often done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer. In SCNT, the DNA from one animal is taken and it is put into the egg cell of another. "If the egg is then placed in a
Religious views are prevalent, so too are numerous ethical concerns. The issue of whether or not the government should ban cloning has gained progressive attention, as the science of animal cloning is further perfected. BIOLOGICAL BACKGROUND Animal cloning is the process of creating a biological replicate of another organism with the