Cloning Is The Cloning Of Cloning

In July 2000, Dr. Ian Wilmut, a geneticist of Scotland publicized the cloning of a lamb named Dolly. Out of 277 attempts at fussing cells, only 29 of the fused cells became embryos, on which resulted in one pregnancy, which then

Unlike some movies, cloning in real life doesn’t produce a full grown exact replica of someone. A type of cloning that occurs naturally is when identical twins are born (“What Is Cloning?”). Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a type of cloning that has to be done in a lab. In SCNT they take the nucleolus out of an egg cell, replace it with the nucleolus of a somatic cell (body cell with two complete sets of chromosomes), and make the egg cell divide into a blastocyst (“What Is Cloning?”).

Cloning is a number of processes that are used to create genetically identical copies of an organism. Researchers have cloned a number of biological materials, such as genes, cells, tissues and whole organisms, including sheep 's and horses. Cloning can happen naturally in identical twins, but it can also be done in a lab. ("Cloning Fact Sheet").

Cloning is a biological process of making genetically copy it would be copy of a single cell or whole animal. The first mammal cloned Dolly the sheep. There are three types of cloning: they are (1) the recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning or gene cloning, (2) reproductive cloning, and (3) the therapeutic cloning.

However, natural cloning is not the only example of identical copies seen in the world. Artificial cloning is the more common example used in science. There are three commonly known “types of artificial cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning” (“Cloning Fact Sheets”). These types of cloning provide identical copies of many biological aspects such as genes and larger segments of DNA. Gene cloning is “creates copies of genes or segments of DNA” whereas reproductive cloning “creates copies of whole animals” (“Cloning”). Finally, therapeutic cloning “creates embryonic cells” which are used in the hope of growing healthy tissue (“Cloning”). Animal cloning has helped many scientists to better understand genomes and review genes/DNA. In the

Cloning in its simplest definition is an creating an exact copy of a biological entity, meaning that if the

Cloning is a complicated process of creating cells from things other than a sperm and egg cell. There are three basic types of cloning. Gene cloning is the simplest and makes exact copies of segments of DNA. Reproductive cloning, the kind used with Dolly, is when a whole animal is reproduced. Therapeutic cloning is the creation of cells and tissues that are intended to be used for experiments or replacing diseased

Cloning can actually occur in or outside of a lab. In the lab, modern genetic technologies can be used to porduce clones of organims. "There are three types of cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning, and therapeutic cloning. Gene cloning is essentially recombinant DNA technology, where a piece of foreign DNA is inserted into a vector, which can be copied by a host cell. Therapeutic cloning involves the production of patient-matched stem cells for disease treatment. Here we focus on reproductive cloning of organisms."(Cloning). In the case of reproductive cloning, the process clones and entire organism. The DNA from a donor cell gets transferred to an egg cell in which the DNA has been removed. The egg cell is “activated” and it starts splitting equally like it was fertilized. "An embryo results, and this embryo is then transferred to the uterus of a surrogate female. After gestation is complete, the surrogate will give birth to the clone, which is a genetic copy of the animal from which the original cell was taken."(Cloning). This type of artifical cloning is most often done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer. In SCNT, the DNA from one animal is taken and it is put into the egg cell of another. "If the egg is then placed in a

Dolly the sheep, a clone born in Scotland in 1996, was the first mammal to ever be cloned from an adult cell using nuclear transfer. Her birth demonstrated for the first time that even DNA from already specialised adult cells could be used to create an entire healthy organism.

Today the average person understands that cloning is defined as making genetically identical copies of a single cell or organism (McCuen, 11). In layman terms this means human beings can now created their perfect version of a desired outcome whether it be plants, animals, or potentially humans.

Cloning is defined as the “creation of an exact copy of a living matter, such as a cell or organism” according to Encarta encyclopedia. The copies produced through cloning have identical genetic makeup and are known as clones. Scientists use cloning techniques in the laboratory to create copies of cells or organisms with valuable traits.

Cloning is a process that involves removing the chromosomes from an animal’s egg cell and replacing them with chromosomes taken from a cell belonging to a different adult animal. The copied material, which has the same genetic makeup as the original, is referred to as a clone. There are three different types of artificial cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Cloning is a very delicate process because many cloned animals resemble animals that are born prematurely. The problem seems to found in the genes because certain genes get turned on or off when a cell becomes specialized during development.

There are three types of cloning; reproductive cloning, genetic cloning, and therapeutic cloning. This report will focus on reproductive cloning. Reproductive cloning is the duplication of an existing organism’s genetic material. Once duplicated, the organism is an exact copy of the original organism.

An example of reproductive cloning is Dolly the sheep. She was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell, which is much more difficult to clone from. She lived to be only 6 years old due to arthritis. They took an udder cell from a six year old Finn Dorset white sheep. They changed the growth medium to keep the udder cell alive but it stopped them from expanding. According to the article “Cloning Dolly The Sheep”,they injected the cell into an unfertilised egg cell and made the cells fuse by using electrical pulses. Therefore, they moved the DNA of the donor animal's

Dolly was cloned "using cells from the mammary glands of an adult sheep and an egg cell from which the nucleus had been removed" (Petechuk). Dolly took 277 tries to get her right. Many people question if Dolly could be called a real living animal. I think she proved many people wrong when she gave birth to healthy babies (Aldridge). Even though Dolly was a huge success and a big step forward in cloning science, she did die young. Her chromosomes were shorter than the average sheep. Cloning in animals can also cause diseases (Petechuk). After Dolly, cloning has done some miracles like bringing back an extinct species called the Ibex. The Ibex was a mountain goat from Spain. Scientists saved skin from the goat and cloned it. It died shortly after birth (LaPensee). So animal cloning as you can see has not been perfected but still is improving every