Clostridium Tetani: Pathogenic Bacteria

Tortora. G.J., et al (2006) “Principals of Anatomy and Physiology”, 13th ed., USA: John Wiley and Sons Inc.

Martini, Frederic, Judi L. Nath, and Edwin F. Bartholomew.Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology. 9th ed. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings, 2012. Print.

difficile lies within the 19.6 kb pathogenicity locus (PaLoc) and codes for two major virulence factors and three accessory proteins [9]. Genes tcdA and tcdB encode Toxin A and Toxin B, respectively, the two major virulence factors which are part of the clostridial glucosylating toxin family [10]. Both catalyze the inactivation of Rho-GTPases, which are essential for the regulation of eukaryotic cell cytoskeleton [9]. The inactivation of Rho-GTPases causes cell death via cytoskeletal disorganization [9]. The accessory gene functions are as follows; tcdE as a putative holin protein; tcdD as a positive regulator and tcdC as a negative regulator, both of which are controlling Toxin A and B gene expression

This essay will attempt to investigate the employment of the 23 plus vaccinations used today and how they defend the preventions and spread of diseases. The paper will support the pros and the cons of vaccinations that are supported by research statistics as well as the different symptoms that have been reported for each available vaccine.

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Define the terms anatomy and physiology, and explain their relationship using an example of a human structure with its corresponding function.

I would like to make you aware of a very important topic: vaccinations. Vaccinations are incredibly important in today’s world as they improve your immunity, protect you from disease, and also prevent the disease from being passed on to others. Thanks to the efforts of many scientists, there are now vaccines available for twenty series illnesses in the United States. I’d like to examine exactly what these vaccines do for us.

The desire of improved health for the citizens of our nation has long been fundamental in promoting the use of vaccinations. As early as the 1800’s, vaccinations were beginning to be recognized as highly beneficial in abolishing deadly diseases and intense interest in developing useful vaccinations began. As more vaccinations were discovered and more individuals vaccinated, diseases such as polio, diphtheria, and smallpox no longer plagued populations and decimated nations. Combined vaccinations for multiple diseases were created, such as diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (DTP) and measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR). These vaccines have played an enormous role in improving the health of the people of our nation.

Clostridium tetani is a gram positive obligate anaerobe. This bacterium could be cultured in a blood agar medium at 35 °C for 24 hours. The bacteria will appear as a thin transparent film of swarming growth. The blood in the agar medium will also appear to be hemolyzed. This bacterium could also be viewed under a bright-field microscope after undergoing Gram staining. When viewed under the light microscope with Gram staining the bacteria will appear purple and have a bacillus shape with spores on the end that makes them look like a drumstick or tennis racket. Typical diagnosis of tetanus involves a physical exam, immunization history, and signs and symptoms because there are no hospital lab tests that can confirm tetanus. Doctors will look

Although most of the nervous system is developed by the time a baby is born, the development extends beyond birth. The development of this system is complex and involves many processes and phases that form what we know as our nervous system, allowing humans to think, feel, move, and function in many different and unique ways. Through a biological scope, we know that there are three phases of the developmental process. This first phase occurs during the first week and is known as the “germinal stage, the next 7 weeks of pregnancy are the embryonic period, and the final 32 weeks (weeks 9-40) are the fetal period” (Rouse, 2016). At the embryonic stage “the inner cells rearrange themselves into a disk which the embryo forms” (Rouse, 2016). The

In order to maintain immunity in the healthcare workers, medical facilities are fortified to formulate a comprehensive policy concerning vaccinations for all healthcare workers. For this, each worker, needs to be individually assessed based on their work activities rather than job title so that an apt level of protection can be afforded throughout

The muscles of the head and neck perform numerous critical assignments, including development of the head and neck, biting and gulping, discourse, outward appearances, and development of the eyes. These various assignments require both solid, intense developments and a portion of the quickest, finest, and most fragile alterations in the whole human body.

The purpose of this module is – to give immunization manager and vaccination professionals a summary and easily-understood overview of the scientific basis of vaccination, and also of the immunological basis for the WHO recommendation on vaccine use.

Patton, K., & Thibodeau, G. (2012). Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology (p. 572). St. Louis, Missouri:

have corresponding organ reflex points. Every organ and body part is represented in the feet. By