Clubfoot Congenital Deformity

Clubfoot is a common congenital deformity of one or both feet. Clubfoot can sometimes be identified

This is the common type of unstable ankle injury (fracture ankle with syndesmotic disruption) about 60%. It involves injury first to the lateral structure starting with the anterior tibiofibular ligament, the remainder of the syndesmosis, fibula, posterior malleolus, and finally the medial bone structure or deltoid ligament. Another common mechanism is the pronation external rotation injury, about 15%. In which the pronated foot is subjected to external rotation forces, the mechanics of injury are forces that start on the medial side, causing a deltoid avulsion or medial malleolar fracture and then proceed to the anterior tibiofibular ligament and syndesmosis, the fibula, and finally the posterior malleolar area. The pattern of fibular fracture is distinctive in the supination injuries usually a long spiral with some comminution. In the pronation injury the fibula has a short oblique fracture above the

The foot can be divided in to three parts; the hindfoot, midfoot and the forefoot. The hind foot is composed of the talus (ankle bone), the calcaneus (heel bone) the tibia and the fibula, the long bones in the lower leg. The tibia and fibula are connected to the top of the talus to form the ankle. The calcaneus is connected to the talus at the subtalar joint. The calcaneus is the largest bone in the foot and

At around seven years old, I was diagnosed with Cerebral palsy which left muscles in my lower limbs. I had the early stages of drop foot. Drop foot is a debilitating condition whereas the affected slowly lose the ability to pull their foot

The name of the skeletal disorder/disease is Blount’s disease. The cause is unknown but it is thought to be due to the effects of weight on the growth plate or that the inner part of the shin bone, just below the knee, fails to develop normally. It present itself as one or both of the lower legs turn inward. This is called “bowing” and it may look the same on both legs, occur just below the knee, and will rapidly get worse. Braces are used to treat children who develop severe bowing before the age of 3. If braces do not work, or if the problem is not diagnosed until the child is older, surgery is usually needed. Surgery may involve cutting the shin bone to place it in the proper position, and sometimes lengthening it as well. Other times, surgery

It is said to be that early diagnosis of patellar luxation in the absence of trauma and certain breeds support the idea that it results from a developmental misalignment of the whole extensor area. (Patellar Luxation, 2016). Developmental patellar luxation is considered a consequence of a complicated skeletal abnormality that should be dealt with as soon as possible to eliminate the possibility of future issues in a younger animal and pain in a older one. (Patellar Luxation, 2016). Palpation is very useful in the fact that it physically gives the ability to feel the luxation from where it moves to how far it moves and so forth. Taking a radiograph as you can see in figure D, shows where the patella is sitting and at a good view you could actually see the depth of the trochlear groove which makes for a good tool in the process of diagnoses. (Patellar Luxation, 2016). The grading system is based on a scale from 1 to 4 which helps in aiding the severity of the luxation and the pain it may cause. Grade 1 is very mild with minimal clinical signs where the patella can be manually luxated but it returns right back to the groove. (Harari, 2013). In grade 2, the patella luxates while the animal is flexing the joint but is then repositioned during extension. In this grade you may see the animal displaying a skipping lameness as if running on 3

According to Dr. Joseph G. DiPrima—Fairport, NY's top podiatrist—when pressure is applied on the big toe joint, it causes the big toe to gradually lean toward the second toe. As this happens, the bone structure on the foot starts to change, and this causes a bony bump, known as a bunion, to occur. These bumps can be incredibly painful and might affect the person from wearing shoes or even walking. The good news is that with proper bunion treatment pressure can be reduced on the big toe and help to correct foot deformities.

The first sign of FOP is malformed big toes. This can be observed at birth. Although FOP starts before birth, extra bones do not form before birth.

On average, the diagnosis comes after five years of the first symptoms. First, it is necessary to exclude other problems, often responsible for pain and inflammation, as for example metatarsalgia, a painful condition of one or more bones of the forefoot, or the hallux valgus, hallux a deformation whose base moves towards the outside, while the tip is brought towards the other toes. The orthopedic specialist may recommend an x-ray to see the structure of the foot or examination baropodometric computer to measure the load on each support point of the feet.

The technical term for this is Polydactyly – means a condition where a baby is born with extra fingers/toes. This must be worrying for you. However, please try to not to worry, and just be grateful for all the positive things in the scan. An extra toe, I won't say normal but 6 toes are extremely common and would be even more common if people stop removing the ones that are fully functional.

Great information! I really have never dealt with hammertoe before. I did some research and found that there is something called mallet toe. There are two types; flexible and rigid. Flexible are in the first stage and these toes are still moveable at the joint. Ridged are more asymmetry. in the muscles, ligaments or tendons that typically are more symptomatic. The ligaments fix and the joints get to be misaligned and settled in this position. As you mentioned before, the kind of shoes you wear, your foot structure, injury and certain conditions and procedures can add to the advancement of these abnormalities. Do you know which your sister has?

It is congenital meaning it is present at birth. Also, Morton’s toe may be caused when the first metatarsal bone is abnormally short compared to the second metatarsal bone and when the first metatarsal bone has more motion, which means it is unstable. This instability is known as “Hypermobility of the First Metatarsal Bone” (Schuler). Additionally, Morton’s toe can be simply recognized without an X-ray. Some symptoms are more noticeable than others. For instance, if one looks at his feet and notices that his second toe is longer than the first, he has Morton’s toe. “If the space between your first and second toe appears to be deeper, not wider, but deeper than the space between your second and third toes, you have Morton's Toe” (“Morton’s Toe”). An individual can also detect Morton’s toe by holding down his toes and finding bumps where the metatarsal bones end. He will mark the location of the bumps and compare the lines. The first metatarsal bone is shortened if the line for the second toe is closer to the leg than the line for the big toe (“Morton's Toe: Symptoms and Treatments”). Excess skin between the toes is another possible sign for Morton’s toe. More symptoms of Morton’s toe include pain in areas of the foot to the neck, callus formation, and musculoskeletal

Characteristic features include a unilateral short for date lower limb, an inability to visualize two bones in the lower leg, an associated talipes equinovalgus deformity of the affected foot, and associated syndactyly. An X-ray of the lower limb after birth can also be utilized to help diagnose patients with fibular hemimelia. Features that can be visualized on lower limb x-ray include an absence of the fibula in two separate views, shortening of the femur, and lateral ray malformations. The management of patients with fibular hemimelia is usually surgical and includes limb-lengthening procedures or limb amputation with prosthesis. The prognosis of this condition usually depends on the degree of limb deformity. Patient with a clinically nonfunctional foot or a limb length discrepancy of greater than 30% usually fare better with surgical amputation of the limb and early use of a prosthesis, whereas patients with less significant deformities usually fare well with limb lengthening procedures and conservative

The anatomy of the foot is very complex. There are twenty six bones in each foot. The bones in both feet equal one-quarter of the bones in the human body. There are thirty three joints and over one hundred muscles, tendons and ligaments in the foot as well. The longest bones of the foot are known as the metatarsals. There are five in each foot with the fifth being on the exterior of the foot and the first on the interior. On the end of each metatarsal there are phalanges, better known to most people as toes. The phalanges and metatarsals are the easiest to break or injure from weight bearing activities. According to the

and the heel of the foot down at the same time. He had an abnormality