Clubfoot Essay

Clubfoot does not hurt a baby unless it is untreated and they try to walk. Corrective treatment of clubfoot is essential to preventing gait impairment. Two methods for treating clubfoot are the Ponseti method, which involves a series of serial castings with Achilles tenotomy (heel cord release) or surgery. Yamaguchi described her clubfoot treatment to Working Mother (n.d.) as “plaster casts on my legs from when I was a couple months old until age 1. When the casts came off, I wore corrective shoes connected by a brace to turn my feet until I was about 2.” What Yamaguchi described is the Ponseti method for clubfoot correction.

Quick! Look at your shoes. If your shoes have laces, they might be tied wrong. In fact, about 50% of Americans tie their shoes the wrong way, that is, they use the wrong knot when tying their shoes. If your laces come undone, or your bows are twisted, or you double knot your shoes to prevent them from coming untied, then chances are, you tie your shoes the wrong way.

One obstacle I have faced, and will continue to face, revolves around my feet. When I was born, the doctor immediately informed my mother that I was happy and healthy, however, my feet happened to be upside down and backwards. In the next few weeks, my parents met with scores of doctors to learn about my condition, know as bilateral Clubfoot. The most notable of these doctors was Dr. Ignacio Ponseti, arguably the most learned doctor in the field of Clubfoot, who said to my mother: “my best advice would be to prepare him for a desk job”. Since my birth, I have had two sets of surgeries on my feet, have had casts on both legs for years, and was in a wheelchair for almost a year at the age of five. The innumerable challenges posed by my disorder

Following the cast removal, the patient must undergo a rehabilitation program in order to return to normal movement and function. Heel lifts should be immediately placed in the patient's shoes. The reason why the lifts are placed in both shoes is to relive any pressure or tension in the injured foot and in the non-injured foot to keep the person balanced and not potentially hurt the other side (tendon, hip). Because immobilizing the foot in a cast may cause joint stiffness, muscle atrophy, and blood clots, many doctors recommend an early-motion approach. This approach puts the patient in physical therapy within just a few days after the surgery. Therapy may be needed for up to 4 or 5 months. Ice, massage, and whirlpool treatments may be used at first to control swelling and pain. Massage and ultrasound help heal and strengthen the tendon. Range of motion exercises should begin while in therapy. About 2 weeks after ROM exercises have been used is when the progressive resistance exercises are added. Some of these resistance exercises can be done in the pool. The buoyancy of the water helps people walk and exercise safely without putting too much pressure or tension on the healing tendon. If the patient chooses a splint may be worn while walking for 6 to 8 weeks after the surgery. Then 10 weeks after the surgery aggressive training exercises can

assess, diagnose and treat abnormalities and diseases related to the foot and lower limb in people of all ages

In addition, there is a risk of Arthritis if the deformity is left untreated for a given reason, but that is rarely the case. Not only are there physical effects but emotional effects. The child may experience a lack of self esteem especially during adolescence which could end in frustration and maybe depression. Walking adjustments such as casts or special shoes have a positive and a negative effect. Large sores or calluses have a tendency to develop with the abnormal walking pattern. In result this would give the child or adult an awkward walk (Mayo Clinic). Types of clubfoot very between three categories: idiopathic, positional, and syndrome. Idiopathic clubfoot can very from a vast majority of cases but most of which are relatively unknown. The child’s foot or feet affected by idiopathic clubfoot are rigid or stiff hence making them harder to fix and manipulate. Secondly there comes Positional clubfoot, which is caused by the baby's prenatal position within the womb. Positional is easier to manipulate and can be fixed by hand. Syndrome clubfoot, is part of a larger syndrome and is especially difficult to treat. Even with treatment

The patient underwent a right foot surgery with bilobed rotational skin flap of the foot, debridement, harvesting of a full thickness skin graft at a separate site and application of a full thickness skin graft per operative report dated 5/29/15.

Physical therapy is a huge part of the recovery process. Almost immediately following surgery, a physical therapist will come in and do an evaluation on the patient and then either the PT or a physical therapist assistant will help the patient start off with an exercise program. In the first few weeks following surgery, the main goals for the patient are learning to walk with their walker or crutches and gentle massage to the foot area. The patient can start a few exercises including keeping the knee and hip joints strong and moving with strengthening and range of motion exercises. During weeks two through six, other exercises are introduced including range of motion exercises for the ankle. Calf and ankle stretches, towel crunches, and ankle range of motions with a babst board are all beneficial and appropriate during this stage of treatment. After week six and x-rays are taken to confirm the ankle has healed, strengthening and weight bearing exercises can slowly be introduced to strengthen and reeducate the ankle back into a normal walking program and gait pattern. Swelling, popping, and decreased strength can be expected for at least the first year following the

You may go to physical therapy right away for pain management with heat or ultrasound treatments. Once your tendon has partially healed, you might begin exercises that strengthen the muscles that support your ankle. Range of motion exercises are helpful too because they restore full movement of your ankle after it has been held in place in a cast. Once you learn how to do the exercises properly, you can do them at home to help your foot recover quicker. An acute injury might be quicker to heal than a degenerative injury that has caused significant damage to the

The CPG recommends that outcome measures such as Foot Function Index (FFI), Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ), or the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) be used before and after interventions. There are no mentions in the case report that the aforementioned outcome measures were used. Measuring and keeping track of progresses is essential as it has been validated in the clinic3. Furthermore, it was not reported that the therapist tried any manual therapy interventions. As noted, joint manipulation to the talocrural joint and soft tissue

When a patient dorsiflexes the foot, what muscles are involved and what changes occur in the lower limb

The therapist teaches you stretching exercises that help relieve and prevent pain. The exercises also strengthen your leg and calf muscles so your foot is more stable. You may need to attend regular sessions with the therapist, or you may be taught the exercises so you can do them daily at home. Stretching and exercising your feet while you're seated for long periods may prevent the return of heel pain when you get back up and start walking again.

What’s at stake for the key parties, including those that may disagree with you? What is important to them? What does the target value and why?

Foot injuries are very common in athletics as well as in everyday life. It’s very debilitating to have a foot injury since we use our feet in all of our daily activities. Research published in "Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise” indicates that the average adult takes between 5,000 to 7,000 steps a day. Some sports require the most dedicated athletes spend multiple hours a day pounding their feet on the turf or pavement. Most injuries that occur in the foot require a person to try and stay off of it or completely immobilize it. Since this is very difficult for a person to do, a large percentage of foot injuries often have a very high chance of reoccurring. The severity of some injuries that can be deceiving as well. Often times a nagging pain is ignored and eventually becomes a much bigger problem.

This is done when the foot is inverted most of the time. This happens when the foot is awkwardly planted or is stepped upon during activities. Stepping in a surface that is irregular, such as in an athletic event when one player steps on another player foot a sprain can result.