Cod Intervention

Substance abuse has been a known topic which has not been recognized and fully treated the way it should. Unlike general medicine, substance abuse treatments have their own facility and services apart from general settings, making it harder to get the recognition and the assistance needed to help the individuals in need. Both the Affordable Care Act and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (SAMHSA), which is a part of the US Department of Health and Human Services have promoted and established ways to enhance the quality of the treatment and the amount of treatment given.

Individuals with a mental illness often turn to drugs or alcohol to reduce their symptoms, as opposed to or in addition to seeking treatment for their illness. This problem is much worse than previously imagined, with experts estimating 65 percent of prison inmates suffering from a dual diagnosis. The prevalence in the general population is likely very high also, thus anyone with a mental illness or substance abuse problem may find they need specialized care.

A statistical piece of information that was interesting is that how the number of mental disorders increases as the number of substance abuse disorders increases as well. Services, U.D. (2005) states the likelihood of mental disorders rises alongside with substance abuse dependencies. With the rise of both abuses at the same time, it complicates treatment for the mental disorder patients that have drug use however, multiple drugs is normal for those who are substance abusers (Services, U.D., 2005). The reason this information is found to be interesting is because with the two disorders rising at the same level, it appears that the challenges will be harder and more co-occurring disorder patients are going to need help with their issues. As a counselor, one must be dually competent to treat these clients or have staff available to treat the clients who have co-occurring disorders to ensure an effective outcome.

The difference should not affect the quality and success of the program, as the target population for PATH is 18 and older. Each of the EBPs reviewed were developed for individuals with mental illness and/or substance abuse to be utilized during reintegration into a more independent living environment. The Critical Time Intervention (CTI) aims to prevent recurrent homelessness in individuals with severe mental illness leaving shelters, hospitals, or other organizations aiding the homeless (Critical time intervention - top tier, (2013). Not all of these approaches have been tested on the targeted homeless demographic. The Modified Therapeutic Communities (MTCs) focus on offenders with mental illness and chemical abuse (MICA) disorders (Modified Therapeutic Community for Offenders with Mental Illness and Chemical Abuse Disorders (MICA). However, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (2012) classify offenders and incarcerated adults as at risk of homelessness. Therefore, these strategies should still produce a similar positive outcome for the targeted homeless population. Research has indicated that community integration and recovery from mental illness and substance

Physical health and behavioral health care are typically delivered in separate settings by different providers, often with little collaboration and coordination. This fragmented health care delivery system leads to care deficiencies, specifically for individuals with mental and physical health co-morbidities (Enthoven, 2009). Individuals with mental and substance abuse disorders may die decades earlier than the average person — often from untreated and preventable chronic diseases (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration [SAMSHA], 2017). Evidence indicates that the health care system is improving care delivery for members with co-morbidities through the integration of physical and behavioral health care (Enthoven, 2009).

According to Treatment Improvement Protocol No. 43 (2005), a mental disorder is defined as a disease of the mind or a brain disorder. According to SAMHSA (2016), more than eighteen percent of US citizens age 18 and older live with a brain disorder combined with another problem. To put it another way, almost 1/5th of the US population lives with mental illness and either a substance use disorder or some other issue (SAMHSA, 2016). A co-occurring problem is defined as the coexistence of both a substance use disorder and mental health problem (SAMSHA, 2016). Other examples of co-occurring problems include pathological gambling, eating disorders and those previously stated are all treatable with proper evaluation, assessment and interventions

Incorporated treatment for co-occurring disorders has not been examined broadly, and the field needs to think about various intercessions and blends of interventions, ideally in controlled trial settings. Due to the limited research, it is particularly critical to think about models of care incorporating medical, mental health and substance abuse treatment regardless of whether in medical, behavioral health or substance abuse program setting. Most research and program improvements have concentrated on patients with co-occurring disorders extreme substance abuse issues and acute mental health illness. It is additionally significant to inspect the impacts of incorporated treatment intercessions and models on patients with

These models address the impact of disease and services on the client’s overall well being. With this in mind, the goal for treatment of addiction is recovery, which is an improved quality of life. However, substance use disorder in a chronic disease perspective, and quality of life, have come late and is underdeveloped (Laudet, 2011). There is evidence of quality of life in SUD treatment and recovery. According to Laudet (2011), “Substance use disorders are characterized as maladaptive patterns of substance use leading to clinically severe impairment or distress potentially affecting physical or psychological functioning; personal safety, social relations, roles, and obligations; work; and other areas” (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, para. 2). Substance abusers seek help quitting drugs to escape the negative consequences and to gain a better life. Substance abuse treatment seeks to promote abstinence or reduction in use and its aim is to improve the person’s quality of

Mental illness is often an underlying factor of substance abuse. When there are many options for those who suffer with mental illness to seek treatment, it helps them cope and even recover from their illness without seeking escape via substance abuse. Thankfully, state officials and medical professionals in Michigan understand how important it is to understand mental illness when it comes to getting substance abuse under

It is estimated that 22 million Americans in 2005 struggled with drug or alcohol related problems. Among the 22 million, 95 percent who were involved with substance abuse problems were observed to be unaware of their problems. An estimated 273,000 individuals realized they had a problem and made an unsuccessful effort to obtain treatment. The above-mentioned estimates reflect the severity/importance of increasing prevention efforts and improving access to treatment for substance abuse and co-occurring disorders1.

Substance abuse complicates almost every aspect of care for the person with a mental disorder. When drugs enter the brain, they can interrupt the work and actually change how the brain performs its jobs; these changes are what lead to compulsive drug use. Drug abuse plays a major role when concerning mental health. It is very difficult for these individuals to engage in treatment. Diagnosis for a treatment is difficult because it takes time to disengage the interacting effects of substance abuse and the mental illness. It may also be difficult for substance abusers to be accommodated at home and it may not be tolerated in the community of residents of rehabilitation programs. The author states, that they end up losing their support systems

Mental health disorders and substance abuse can have a significant impact on the health of individuals, their families and their communities. These disorders are among the top conditions that cause disability and carry a high burden of disease in the United States, resulting in significant costs to families, employers and publicly funded health systems. By 2020, mental health and substance use disorders will surpass all physical diseases as a major cause of disability worldwide (SAMHSA, 2014). In addition, drug and alcohol use can lead to chronic diabetes and heart disease. Addressing the impact of substance use alone is estimated to cost Americans more than $600 billion each year.

Clients in the treatment agencies had to meet specific diagnostic criteria of having both severe mental illness and serious substance use disorder in order to be included in the research study. Table 2 shows the baseline characteristics of all the IDDT study participants. Between the eight agencies that began participating in the study, 536 clients met the dual diagnosis criteria within their agencies were selected to participate in the IDDT research study. Although eight treatment programs started the research study only six completed the research study. Within the six treatment agencies that completed the study, 43% were female and 54 % were white. The mean age of the participants was 39, the median was 39 and the mode was 41, which are all middle age adults. Lastly, of the six treatment programs that made it to the end of the research study 37% of the participants had diagnosis on the schizophrenia spectrum.

A single subject design will be used to assess the client’s progress. This model encompasses various components which includes the repeated measurement, baseline/ non-interventive status, treatment phase, and modification of service programs (Campbell, 1992). The baseline identifies targeting problems through initial assessments which then leads to establishing interventions that will benefit the

Substance abuse is becoming one of the biggest reasons why individuals, couples and families decide to seek mental