Code of Ethics Essay

They experience ongoing mental and physical suffering from the endless boredom, confinement, fear, and emotional stress of daily laboratory life. Add to this the fear and agony of a procedure, and only then can we start to understand the desperation and pain in which they live, every day—and for most, for their entire lives. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) is the only federal law that provides even minimal protection for animals in laboratories. (The federal Public Health Service's (PHS) Policy on the Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals covers animals in NIH-funded research, but the PHS does not conduct inspections itself. Instead, it relies on institutions to inspect their own labs.) However, it specifically excludes rats, mice, and birds bred for research, who constitute 90-95 percent of animals in labs. For the approximately 10 percent of warm-blooded animals in labs who are covered under the AWA, the law covers husbandry only—meaning specific standards for their housing, feeding, and handling, including veterinary care. It does not prohibit any kind of experiment regardless of the amount of pain or distress it might cause. Instead, it requires oversight committees (called Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees, or IACUCs) to review and

In the problem, there are always opposite sides which can create the debate about using animals in the laboratory experiments. Some people want to

This helps to ensure the results are as reliable as possible and allows progress in many fields of science it is important that everyone follows these regulations in order to maintain a high quality of research. Animal research has led to much advancement in scientific research and even continues to help the animals themselves, as our knowledge increases we need to use fewer animals to get the same results and in some cases have even been able to replace animals with non-sentient alternatives (House of Lords, 2002). I believe the procedures and policies in place do a good job of limiting animals in research to the minimum needed and do as much as is possible to ensure animals are treated as well as possible with as little pain, suffering or stress caused as is practicable (Bennett,

The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) requires research facilities to have a certified veterinarian,”…who shall provide adequate veterinary care.” The AWA also requires animals used in research to be presented with appropriate housing, feeding, handling, sanitation, ventilation, and sheltering. The regulations are promptly guarded by The Institutional Care and Use Committee. The Institutional Care and Use Committee must ensure the appropriate handling and treatment of laboratory animals by reviewing and inspecting every research study. If a research study is viewed as potentially harmful to animals without reason then the Committee will close the study. The safety of test animals are protected and monitored by federal agencies. The notion of animals being brutally kept in hostile conditions can easily be swept away by the actions and protocols enacted by the U.S. government. These actions and protocols are meant to ensure the humane treatment of test animals.

The focus of animal research has been characterized by three criteria, The Three R’s. “’The Three Rs’ are reduction, replacement and refinement. Here in the US, research communities are committed to supporting techniques that reduce the number of higher species used, replace animals with other models wherever/whenever possible, and refine tests to ensure the most humane conditions possible.” (Trull 2). Scientists try to keep the animals from being harmed as much as possible.

These days, everyday items that we buy can come at a much different cost: animal experimentation. For so many years, animals were a crucial resource in furthering scientific research for human use. These human uses could be for make up merchandise, prescription and over the counter medication and how a disease makes an animal react compared to how a human has reacted. Even though some of these uses help further science, many of the tests conducted either are inhumane or simply do not work the same with humans.

Laws regulating animal use in medical research were introduced in England and in Germany in the 19th century, but not until the 1960’s were laws instituted in most countries, including the United States (Cartmill, 1993). Despite the outstanding number of animals killed each year, most countries have yet to better increase their insufficient policies protecting animals. “Most countries have grossly inadequate regulatory measures in place to protect animals from suffering and distress or to prevent them from being used when a non-animal approach is readily available” (“Animal Experiments,” para. 11). The Animal Welfare Act was passed in 1966, which sought to protect animals from being wrongly used in medical research. However, the Animal Welfare Act provides only protection for a select group of species, excluding animals

The topic has ethical and moral aspects, as animals are genetically like us, thru can substitute for testing substances. In addition, in 1965 the local and state laws of the guideline in animal experiment were structured by the federal Animal Welfare Act (AWA) to instructing a strict minimum housing standard for the research animal including access to clean food and water, enclosure size, temperature and others. The AWA is closely inspected by the veterinarians. (animal-testing.procon.org) According to the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, the University of Maryland Baltimore Country believes that the responsibility of laboratory is essential in animal research to prevent and develop treatment of human and animal disease, “We affirm the moral obligation of our scientists to carry out this research on behalf of mankind and animals. Millions of Americans are alive today, and live healthier and more productive lives because our nation's health care professionals are able to employ safe and effective treatments including vaccines, surgical procedures, drug therapies and other valuable therapeutic methods developed with animal research.”. (www.umbc.edu) These advancements in the field of animal

Animal experimentation reflects the poor status of humanity. According to “Estimates for Worldwide Laboratory Animal Use” (2005), it is estimated that more than 115.3 million of animals are used in laboratory experiments each year. The animals included are mice, rat, birds, fish , rabbits, guinea pigs, livestock, dogs , cats and non-human primates.

Research roles of animals have been very beneficial to the human race. Within case studies of animals, such items as vaccinations, cardiovascular bypass surgery, and treatments for cancer have become possible (Medina, 2008). It is important to understand the welfare for animals and the research involved within the process is

This specific section is focusing on animal testing in research facilities across the United States. It tells the minimum requirements for animals’ housing, treatment, care, sanitation, etc. This section also states the requirements for procedures done on animals. Section three, part B states: “the principal investigator considers alternatives to any procedure likely to produce pain or distress” (Animal Welfare Act, 2015). The Animal Welfare Act is a federal law,

Animals have played an important role alongside humans for a long time, whether it be as our cuddling companions, humble servants, or amusing entertainers; however, the fellow fauna inhabitants of earth have had a more crucial hand in the advancement of humanity then one might think. About every medical advancement in the past one hundred years came about by animal testing (“Forty Reasons”). People are very dependent upon the research and the experiments done on animals netherless some want to ban testing on animals. Animals should be used in scientific research because the research saves lives, the researchers care for the animals, and the research is properly regulated.

Firstly, when animals are involved in research, their rights are being encroached upon. "Animals have a basic moral right to respectful treatment. . .. This inherent value is not respected when animals are reduced to being mere tools in a scientific experiment", stated by Tom Regan, a philosophy professor

95% of the animals utilized as a part of testing are not secured by the Animal Welfare Act, also known as the AWA. The main and only United States law that oversees the use of animals in research facilities is the AWA. It enables animals to be singed, stunned, harmed, starved, disengaged, coercively controlled, put on dangerous long time medications, and brain damaged. No experiments—no matter how painful or trivial—are

This essay will explore the benefit of animals being used in biomedical research, the actions implemented to protect animal welfare as well as other viable options to minimize harm to animals.