Contents
1. Contents
2. Introduction
3. Extraction
4. Refinement
5. Refinement
6. Utilization
7. Sustainability/Conclusion
8. References
Introduction
A resource is a supply of money, material, staff or other things of value (assets or commodities) that can be readily drawn upon when needed or used to produce wealth. Coffee is cultivated in over 70 countries, however is most effectively grown in the equatorial regions of the world such as The Americas, Africa, Southeast Asia and India. It can in some cases be grown in subtropical regions as well. Coffee is a resource that is grown on bushes (therefore being a renewable resource), varying on value depending on its quality and type (two most common types being Arabica
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The second being a commonly unknown substance called trigonelline which has a large impact on the flavour of the coffee in the roasting stage.
There is an Ethiopian legend which says coffee was discovered by a goat herder which noticed his goats frolicking, full of energy after consuming the small red fruits from the coffee shrub. The herder tried the fruits and had a similar reaction. Before coffee became the morning beverage we know it as today it had many different forms of which it was consumed. From a wine like beverage too just eating the fruit as it was found. The Arabians started the roasted coffee phenomenon we know today way back in the 13th Century. By parching or boiling the coffee beans the Arabs were able to corner the market on coffee crops. In fact this was so affective it is believed not a single coffee plant existed outside Arabia or Africa until the 1600’s. Fertile beans were smuggled out by an Indian pilgrim aboard a string across his abdomen. This started the European coffee trade; however the Europeans couldn’t grow the plant in their home countries so they planted elsewhere. The Spanish planted in Central America, the Portuguese in Brazil and The French in the Caribbean and the Dutch (first to open a coffee estate-in 1616) in Sri Lanka.
Extraction
The resource is found as a little red fruit or “cherry” on a shrub (picture
The Europeans got coffee from the Arabs in the 17th century when European explorers visited Islamic lands and brought the drink back with them. At first, there was a controversy whether it should be prohibited or not due
A) Coffee originated in Yemen, Arabia where it was viewed as a religious beverage. Over time it spread to Mecca and Cairo, where it became a recreational drink to be drunk in a social manner in large coffee houses. It also became a popular substitute for alcohol, which was banned under Islam. Europeans traveling in the Middle East came upon coffee and coffeehouses and commented on their popularity. But it wasn’t until 1652, when an Armenian servant named Pasqua Rosee opened the first coffee house in London, that coffee transformed from a little known novelty into a wide spread phenomenon. When, in 1658, Cromwell died and public opinion swung in the favor of a new monarchy, coffee houses became central in political debates and commercial business. The trend quickly caught on and coffee houses became fashionable throughout Europe.
Coffee has not only impacted the world socially, but it provides financial means for many countries who export their coffee beans.
Some of the diffusion of Coffee has to do with Islamic Sufis because the Islamic Sufis began drinking coffee to keep them awake during the night.
Espresso on the other hand forces water that is hot, pressurized and in vapor form through coffee that has been ground. This type of brewing makes the espresso more concentrated and is complex in chemical and physical components. Espresso that is well prepared forms reddish –brown foam called crema at the surface. (Pendergrast, 2010).
1. Coffee originated in Europe by the expansion of “Age of Exploration” opening new ideas with criticism, tolerance, and freedom of thought.
We can understand the relation between commodity and trade development through the study of coffee and it’s origins. Over about 90% of coffee is produced in the South, and consumed in the North. Or a long time Latin America has provided most of the world’s coffee. Coffee comes from a cherry produced by a tree that requires a warm climate without any sudden temperature shifts or frost and it needs plenty of rain. This climate is ideal for coffee between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. During the movement of coffee from harvest to export the first step is to separate the coffee bean from the skin and the pulp of the cherry, this results in what is called “green” coffee. Before it is exported the coffee is cleaned and sorted into lots that have different quality attributes, something like the grain elevators. The lots vary as they go from country to country based on the size, the shape shape and the deficiencies it might have or the way it is processed. At this point in the process the coffee still has it’s individual quality and value.
A resource is anything that is created through a natural process that people use and value. Some examples of resources include air, soil, plants, animals, raw materials, space, land, wind, energy, metals, and sunlight. These resources can be useful to geographers because they are elements of the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere, which people interact with. Natural resources are different from human resources because human resources are created or invented by humans. There are 3 different types of resources, political- cultural, technological, and economic resources. Political- cultural resources are resources that guide a process of identifying substances as resources so we can live life. These resources are very valuable
The coffee industry has proven there is a never-ending shift of global power through the global economy. Thus, through the history of coffee, it is apparent that factors involving the globalization process such as absolute advantage and comparative advantage have had an impact
Imaging if there was no more coffee in this world, how would you feel? Nowadays, coffee becomes an important part of people’s life. People who often work overtime, they drink coffee because caffeine can make you awake; people who have to wake up early in the morning, they drink coffee because instead of making breakfast, coffee is more convenient; people drink coffee during the free time, because it also tastes good.
According to Harvard’s School of Public Health, 54 percent of Americans over the age of eighteen drink coffee every day. The daily consumption of coffee for Americans is an average of 3.1 (9-ounce) cups. The popular demand for coffee is because caffeine is the key ingredient. Caffeine is used as a kick-start for most people in the morning for an extra energy boost. However, once that feeling of extra energy subsides the human body begins to feel exhausted. A new product that we wish to add to the menu will be an invigorating lemonade. This new product will only be offered during the summer months of June, July, and August. Depending on how well our clients respond to our new drink, we will eventually add to the flavors of lemonade available.
Around one hundred and twenty five million people are dependent on coffee, making coffee the most valuable and widely traded tropical agricultural product. It is also one of the highest earners in the market with a worth of $70.86 billion dollars, therefore it is highly tradeable but it is largely investing into global poverty due to the rural coffee farmers earning such a small percentage of the overall profit. (Foundation, F. (n.d.). Fairtrade International. 2015) There are over seventy countries producing coffee but over eighty percent of the worlds coffee is only being produced in four main states which are Brazil, Colombia, Vietnam and Indonesia. With
It is believed that coffee was introduced in Rwanda in 1904 by German missionaries. Around 1930, a considerable interest in coffee developed as it was the sole revenues generating
It is said that Kaldi acquainted his local abbot of the unidentifiable plant, and after making a tea with the coffee berries, he approved the beverage for consumption throughout the village. Although Ethiopians claim to have detected the little coffee cherries, Arabians were the first people to successfully cultivate and trade coffee with other countries. Coffee was commonly drunk in the city of Mecca, becoming known as the ‘wine of Araby’. Arabians wished to be the only coffee manufacturers, but as the popularity of the drink spread, other countries began to take advantage of the opportunity and produce it themselves. As Europeans trekked to the Near East, they began to return with the ‘bitter invention of Satan’, as the ministers called it. Many clergymen deemed the potation a sin, and inquired the Pope’s opinion. After sampling and analyzing the beverage, the Pope relished the flavor so much that he approved it for use by the European people—even having the drink baptized! With a booming market and thirst for java, coffeehouses were built throughout each dominate city in the Old World, and the New (“The Roasterie”). Coffeehouses became local hubs for socialization and indulgence in the adored
Raw Materials (Coffee Beans): Coffee bean farming is not vertically integrated into Starbucks; the company purchases coffee beans from farmers. Starbucks choose to outsource farming due to the low potential hold-up problem. For its coffee, Starbucks uses only high-quality Arabica beans, instead of regular commodity and lower quality robusta beans. Since there are a lot of market participants trading Arabica beans (i.e. farmers & Arabica beans buyers), there is an established market price. Moreover, farm land has a low degree of asset specificity, and therefore farmers’ investments do not depend only on Starbucks as