Cognitive And Social Development In The 21st Century

Jean Piaget’s 4 stages of Cognitive Development and Erik Erikson’s 8 stages of Psychosocial Development

“A middle school is a school organization containing grades six to eight that, first provides developmentally appropriate and responsive curricular, instructional, organizational, guidance, and overall educational experiences; and second, places major emphasis on 10-15 year olds’ developmental and instructional needs” (Teaching in the Middle School, 6). The researcher has a great point for the fact that a middle school should be focus on the needs of diverse young adolescents. All young adolescents are in a special time in their lives that require extra guidance during this crazy change. Middle school students test out the boundaries and want to learn about new activities and interests during this stage. It takes a special person who wants to teach these diverse students who need the extra support from their teachers to show them what’s out there for them and to introduce them to new things.

One of the most important things that we need to remember as middle level teachers, is that every young adolescent is different, and because of those differences, we need to make sure that our lessons and activities reflect this aspect of young adolescents. The middle school age student is extremely complex. On one hand, they don’t fit into the elementary age of little kids, yet aren’t quite as mature as high school aged students. At this age, it is imperative to create lessons that are unique and captivating. Often the biggest problem about teaching middle school aged children is that they need motivation to do their work. In high school, students are worried about not doing well enough to get into college, while in elementary school their

Discuss the concept of ‘constructivism’ (from Piaget’s theory of cognitive development). Use a mix of theory and research to back up your ideas about whether or not the child constructs his/her own development.

Bright Starz is a planned non-profit child development center for children from the ages 3 to 5. Our Bright starz goal is intended to enhance Cognitive Development by implementing it into our activities at school. Cognitive Development is “the construction of the thought process including remembering problem solving and decision-making from childhood though adolescences to adulthood”(Georgia Department of Early Care and Learning, 2015). At Bright Starz Cognitive Development is our main focus and we center all our activities around it.

In my opinion, the most important cognitive advancement during the middle childhood years is inductive and deductive reasoning. In the text it stated that inductive is the “starting with observation about particular members of a class of people, animals, objects, or events, they draw general conclusions about the class in whole”. (Piaget, pg. 294) An example that the text said is when the child sees a dog bark and repeatedly see’s other dogs barking, they start to figure out that all dogs bark. With deductive reasoning, they stated it different with the same concept, all dogs bark so that means the dog “toby” must bark. As a mother, I worry a lot about my child getting hurt. With this cognitive advance, I believe she will stay away from harm.

There are three known major areas of study in Lifespan Development which are the Physical, Cognitive, and personal and social development. These groups have to do with age and range of Lifespan Psychology. Lifespan literally connotes from cradle to grave, in other words from conception to death. Lifespan is divided into these following age periods; prenatal, infancy, toddlerhood, middle childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, middle adulthood, late adulthood and death.

There are many different things that shape the cognitive development of children. To begin with cognitive development is when a child develops how to process, solve problems, and start making decisions. Once they have learned this they take everything they have learned into their adolescence. An example, of what can shape the cognitive development of a child can be an educational game. Educational games can be very useful in shaping a child’s development because they are having fun while learning at the same time and what kid doesn’t like to play games, the fact that it is even educational makes it even better for them. Not only are they having fun but there are many different games that help in different categories of development in

The nature of one’s cognitive and social development during early young adulthood has a great impact on deviant behavior during young adulthood. As young people develop, they start to create bonds with society, but their development does not happen in a vacuum. During each stage of life, a person establishes his or her own path which reflects and absorbs aspects of society. Early young adulthood is a very unique stage in which a person moves from childhood to adulthood, which causes great personal struggle and strife which is also reflected in society. Statistics show that young people around twenty years old commit significantly more crime than those in any other age group.

Adolescent age students suffer a variety of issues as a result of their ever changing bodies. The rapid growth rate of some students causes difficulty sitting for long periods. They become restless and even fatigued from the growth rate. The physical diversity may cause some students to feel more mature and others have low self-esteem and even lead to depression. Another important change that adolescents experience is their ability and desire to make their own decisions. This is an age where they begin to face moral choices and identify with certain groups of students. During this time, peer pressure can

Young individuals who are not really into the school system, those people who perform poorly in school, and those people who are not totally committed to their education are the more likely bunch of young people who tends to develop

Researchers have identified the importance of interplay in the healthy development of cognition and social development (Biro, Alink, Huffmeijer, Bakermans‐Kranenburg, & van IJzendoorn, 2015). Engaging in daily interaction will allow infants to mimic and learn socialization, this will influence the way that toddlers and young children engage with peers and caregivers throughout their childhood (Biro, Alink, Huffmeijer, Bakermans‐Kranenburg, & van IJzendoorn, 2015). Learning to connect with others will encourage individuality, cognition and social skills that can only be learned by experience. Researchers conclude that caregivers and parental figures prove invaluable to developing a healthy attachment with effective social-emotional experiences (Biro, Alink, Huffmeijer, Bakermans‐Kranenburg, & van IJzendoorn, 2015). Middle childhood, cognitive development throughout childhood is a valuable process that will allow children to flourish both independently and within peer groups (Burger, K., 2009). Scrutinizing diverse social backgrounds and educational availability, researchers have identified long and short term effects in the cognitive development of children (Burger, K., 2009). Data supports that the higher quality of both education and social activity is beneficial to the overall development of an individual, it is important to acknowledge that the quality need not equate to fiscal quality, as it is the time and energy that is given to a child

Physical, social and cognitive development occurs in the early stages of life and sparked contrasting ideas about how children learn new behaviours. Watson’s Classical Conditioning theory (Year) states that individual variations in behaviour is due to different experiences of learning and are developed based on nurture (Xiao & Xuan, 2013). Moreover, Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Theory suggests a child’s behaviour is emitted rather than provoked by the environment and consequences of others behaviour results in positive or negative reinforcement or punishment (McLeod, 2007). It will be argued, that Bandura’s Social Learning Theory provides the most sophisticated application of acquisition of learning new behaviours and their complex interaction between a person’s actions and their environment (Oppong, 2014). Bandura’s theory is adequate in providing a logical elucidation about the effects of observational learning, punishment and reinforcement, and aggression and power. The provision of observational learning is indispensable for the espousal of learning that requires particular processes to determine cognitive and personal factors of behaviour. Those who have developed skills and can regulate their own motivation and behaviour are successful in their pursuits compared to those who have limited means of personal agency (Shirkhani & Ghaemi, 2011). It is a rational explanation of how vicarious reinforcement is associated with certain behaviours, effectively influencing the

The human brain is not fully developed until someone is in his or her mid twenties. Therefore, the statement “the brain development has finished by the time children reach puberty” is not true. Although it does not completely develop during puberty, the brain does go through significant changes. By this time many, basic functions needed for life are developed, but the frontal lobe is still not completely developed. This means that until someone is around the age of 25 he or she is neither able to make the best decisions nor to have the best judgement.

Adolescents are often seen as a risk or perceived to be at risk (Carrington, 2006). Like many, I, too, have acquired such perception.Therefore, there is an urgency to replace the old with new fresh perspectives. In order to engage adolescents, a teacher must explore various learning needs based on the characteristics of adolescents. MYSA (2008, p. 1) defines middle schooling as “an intentional approach to teaching and learning that is responsive and appropriate to the full range of needs, interests and achievements of middle-year students in formal and informal schooling contexts.” The challenge of being able to understand and engage adolescents is significant.