Cognitive Area 1: Brain Metastasis

Cancer, medically called ‘tumorigenesis’ (Thaker, Lutgendorf, & Sood, 2007, p.430) occurs when cells in the body orient themselves for malignant growth. Such cells show ‘self-sufficiency in growth signals’, are ‘insensitive to anti-growth signals’ and have ‘limitless replicative potential’ (Thaker, Lutgendorf, & Sood, 2007, p.430). Once a particular set of cells become malignant, the malignancy can spread to other set of cells in different organs due to ‘crosstalk’ between the affected cells and their surrounding ‘tissues’ and ‘micro-environments’(Thaker, Lutgendorf, & Sood, 2007, p.430).

The name of a brain tumor derives from the cells where it forms. Ependymoma starts in the ependymal cells. The ependymal cells line the ventricles in the brain and central canal of the spinal cord (ABTA, n.d.). These two areas, the brain and the spine, make up the central nervous system that controls many significant functions like speech, thought, and physical movement. Ependymoma is in a category of brain tumors called gliomas. A glioma grows from glial cells, a supportive cell found in the brain (ASCO, n.d.).

Cancer is listed as the second most common cause of death in western countries; particularly, in adults. Though it has a long antiquity, its prevalence and incidence today is pervasive and the war on cancer has not been promising. Malignant neoplasia is characterized by uncontrolled growth and the ability to metastasize or spread from the original site. Cancer results from mutations that promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell adhesion (metastasis). According to the National Cancer Institute (2016), “Cancer can also spread regionally,

Cancer is defined by the National Cancer Institute as “the name given to a collection of related diseases. In all types of cancer, some of the body’s cells begin to divide without stopping and spread into surrounding tissues.” Cancer can develop at almost any part of the human body and anyone can develop cancer, although risk typically increases with age because most cancers tend to require many years to develop. “Normally, human cells grow and divide to form new cells as the body needs them. When cells grow old or become damaged, they die, and new cells take their place. When cancer develops, however, this orderly process breaks down. As cells become more and more abnormal, old or damaged cells survive when they should die, and new cells form when they are not needed. These extra cells can divide without stopping and may form growths called tumors” (cancer.gov). Cancerous tumors are defined as malignant meaning that they can spread to nearby tissues or metastasize to distant places in places within the body and form new cancerous tumors. There are over 100 forms of cancer and they are usually named after the organs or tissues where the cancers originate. Staging of cancer is used to “describe the severity of a person’s cancer based on the size and/or extent (reach) of the original (primary) tumor and whether or not cancer has spread in the body” (cancer.gov). The importance’s of staging cancer is to assist the doctor with planning appropriate treatments to fight the cancer

Cancer is given to a whole collection of related diseases. Cancer cells begin to divide unregulated and spread into surrounding tissues. Scientists have proposed that lots of SP2 protein may transform to normal cells into cancer cells. In addition, the deprivation of specific co-stimulated molecules can impair the natural killer cells ability and lead to the cancer. Cancer occurs almost anyplace in the human body. Cells become old and become more abnormal or cells, which are damaged when they should die, divide without stopping and may constitute growths called tumors. Also cancer cells are less specialized than normal cells. The first and original tumor is called primary tumor. Primary tumor may spread to other parts of the body and create new tumors.

These days the treatment of cancer has taken all encompassing ways. The doctors can opt for removing the tumors surgically, injecting the chemicals to destroy the cancer cells or utilize the radiation therapy. Various experiments are carried out clinically to aim the cancer cells in a better manner. Though, there are people who promote a different path of treating the cancer, the natural way.

The structure of a malignant tumour is not as solid as regular tissue, in terms of cellular adhesion, and it is easier for these cells to become detached from one another. The newly formed vasculature structures are tortuous,

    Cancer is a disease in which cells multiply out of control and gradually build a mass of tissue called a tumor. There has been a large amount of research dedicated to the treatment and cure of cancer. Several types of treatments have been developed. The following are just some of the major examples of cancer therapy: surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, biologic therapy, biorhythms, unconventional treatments, and hyperthermia. Each type of treatment is discussed in detail below.

Cancer has been a disease since the dawn of man and even since that moment, we as humans have strived to understand its’ lethality and discover ways to combat it. This proves to be a more difficult task than it seems. Cancer, by definition, is the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in the body [1]. These divisions can spread into the surrounding tissues as well and cause damage to the regions they locate to. Many of these divisions can lead to solid growths in the body. The growths are usually referred to as tumors [1]. These tumors are masses of tissue that group together.

Cancer is a non-exclusive term for an expansive gathering of maladies that can influence any part of the body. Different terms utilized are threatening tumors and neoplasms. One characterizing highlight of disease is the fast formation of irregular cells that develop past their typical limits, and which can then attack abutting parts of the body and spread to different organs, the last procedure is alluded to as metastasizing. Metastases are the significant reason for death from

Cancer is an abnormal growth of body cells, which can starts anywhere in the body. When the cancer develops, the body’s cell regeneration system breakdown. The cells become more abnormal and form the tumor. Cancerous tumors are malignant which means they can spread into the surrounding tissues and travel to the distant places in the body through the blood and lymphatic system (National Cancer Institute, 2015). There are more than 100 types of cancers such as lung cancer, breast cancer, brain tumor, lymphedema, leukemia, colon cancer, skin cancer and others. Symptoms of cancer depends upon the type of cancer and organ involvement. There are many type of treatments for cancer which depends on the type and stage of cancer. Some people may have only one type of treatment while other may have combination of surgery and chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, hormone therapy and stem sell transplant ( National Institute of Cancer, 2015). This paper will describe an approach to care for cancer, diagnosis and staging of cancer. It will also explain the treatment, complications and side effects and methods to lessen physical and psychological effects due to the cancer.

Benign tumors are non-cancerous and do not invade nearby tissue. On the other hand, malignant tumors are cancerous and spread to other parts of the body. Judging by the fact, Renee had a difficulty speaking, and was unable to remember her way back home, it seemed like both frontal lobe and temporal lobe of brain were affected by tumors. Since she cannot remember where she lived, it is likely tumor was suppressing the hippocampus area, where long-term memory is stored. Also, Brocas’s area seemed to be affected by tumor since she had trouble with speaking words. As a health-care professional, I will explain to the family member how the brain tumor may affect the patient’s cognitive, mental, memory, and language ability. Also, I will encourage

To evaluate the effectiveness of ant cancer treatment, first it is important to understand the difference between normal cells and cancer cells, as well as the effect of cancer cells have on a healthy individual. Normal cells grow and divide as the body needs them. As a cell grows, genetically it is programmed to perform a certain task. As a cell matures abd eventally dies, the body produces new cells. This is an ongoing process, which if not interrupted, will keep the body healthy and functioning well. Normal cells are stimulated by growth signals. Because of this, the cells know when to divide and when to stop. Cancer occurs when there is an imbalance or change in the normal cell production. As a result, there is an overgrowth of abnormal

Cancer can be defined as a state whereby the human cell goes trophoblastic. This is a process whereby the human cell tends to multiply uncontrollably. The affected part of the body has its cells grow, divide and multiply uncontrollably thereby forming a lump. Cancer affects the blood and organs that form blood thereby finding its way to the blood streams. It invades the nearby tissues and keeps spreading to all the parts of the body.

K.Bhime et al. [KBH16] proposed demonstrates the advanced accuracy for mind tumor detection in as compared to the presented methodologies. also the principal identified bottleneck of the latest studies effects are restrained to detection of brain tumor and the overall analyses of internal structure of the brain is often neglected being one of the maximum crucial issue for sickness detection. Has proposed also explores the possibilities of identifying the brain regions with potential problems.