Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Attacks

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) addresses dysfunctional emotions, maladaptive behaviors, and cognitive processes. This is an effective treatment for patients who are dealing with anxiety and depression. CBT refers to a group of psychotherapies that incorporate techniques from cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck are the two psychologists who came up with therapies. Beck developed the cognitive therapy (CT) that focuses on changing the client’s unrealistic maladaptive beliefs and thoughts in order to change the individual’s behavior and emotional state. To help CT is directive collaboration by help teach the client correct their distorted thinking and perception of self,

My role as the clinician is quite important. The primary task is to engage the client in identifying cognitive errors, refuting them, and replacing them with more adaptive thoughts. A sound therapeutic relationship is necessary for effective therapy, but not the focus of the therapy. Many forms of other counseling believe that the main reason people get better in therapy is because of the positive relationship between the therapist and client. Cognitive-behavioral therapists believe it is important to have a good, trusting relationship, but I know that is not nearly enough. We believe that the clients change because they learn how to think differently and they act on that learning. Therefore, CBT tries and focuses on teaching rational self-counseling skills. CBT is the teamwork that exists between the therapist and the client. This form of therapy is used to seek ways of learning what their clients want out of life and then helping their clients achieve those goals. The therapist's role is to listen, teach, and encourage, while the client's roles is to express concerns, learn, and implement that learning (Pucci1).

Assignment 1.1.8 Part: 1 Case Study #1: In neurobiological perspective of psychology, biologists like, Weber and van Helmholtz believe that the endocrine or nervous system is related to behavior. Mrs. B is feeling depressed because something is affecting her nervous system. Her body isn’t producing enough serotonin to control her moods and emotions. A humanistic perspective focuses on the positive outlooks of being human. It emphasizes on the importance of people’s feelings. Like how Carl Rogers came up with the “self-centered” therapy, which mainly focused on understanding one’s feelings. It seems Mrs. B was very close to her father and her son, with her father’s death this could

In this session, Dr. Meichenbaum uses cognitive behavior therapy in a way that integrates the key concepts of cognitive behavior therapy tasks. These key concepts of cognitive behavior therapy include the general quality and nature of the relationship between the therapist and the client, therapeutic alliance, generating empathy and genuineness, a non judgmental approach, an outline that aligns with the cognitive behavior therapy framework, a guided discovery, and the take away piece for the client from the corresponding session. Dr. Meichenbaum emphasizes that cognitive behavior therapy is a sensitive approach and has an intersection between one’s thoughts, feelings,

The dynamics of the client-therapist relationship in cognitive therapy is a collaborative effort. Cognitive therapists elicit patient’s goals at the beginning of treatment. They explain their treatment plan and interventions to help patients understand how they will be able to reach their goals and feel better. At every session, they elicit and help patients solve problems that are of greatest distress. They do so through a structure that seeks to maximize efficiency, learning, and therapeutic change (Robert & Watkins, 2009). Important parts of each session include checking the client’s mood, a connection between sessions, setting an agenda, discussing specific problems and teaching skills in the context of solving these problems, setting of self-help assignments, summary, and feedback (Robert & Watkins, 2009). The status that CBT has with insurers and funding agencies is a result of concrete and measurable goals, goal-focused processes and clear outcomes-based evaluations/results. Therapy is typically conducted in an outpatient setting by trained therapist in cognitive behavioral techniques. Treatment is relatively short in comparison to some other forms of psychotherapy, usually lasting no longer than 16 weeks.

Cognitive Therapy was created by Aaron Beck during the 1960s and it believes that people’s thoughts and the meaning people give to them, could be helpful or harmful, (Seligman & Reichenberg, 2014). I chose CT because it’s structured and measurable when compared to Albert Ellis REBT, and also because of what I’ve seen in my students, and one more specifically. Another reason is that CT helps treat the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). “Anxiety management training (Blowers, Cobb & Mathews, 1987) and cognitive –behavioral techniques (Durham & Turvey, 1987) have been used with promising results.” Nowadays, all these testing are creating more anxiety in our students too. According to ADAA, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterized by persistent and

What works in favor of Panic Away is that it covers an entire range of methods that can address different types of anxieties. This book was written Joe Barry, a native of Ireland who may not be a psychology or psychiatrist but was once a panic sufferer. He noticed how the methods to solve this issue back then did not really deal with the root cause of the problem. He was able to refine the system use then and use it to solve his panic disorder. He has written this book to help others who are searching for an effective way to solve their anxiety and fear issues.

In Treatment’s Dr. Paul Weston appears to largely use psychodynamic theory during his sessions with Sophie, the teenaged gymnast who is seeing him after an accident which is believed to have been a potential suicide attempt. However, as is the case with most therapists, Paul does not focus solely on psychodynamics when treating Sophie, drawing on the universal qualities of all therapists as well as some cognitive techniques. There are several instances of this unique blend of techniques throughout Sophie’s episodes, as well as the continual theme of psychodynamics that seems to be Paul’s main practicing theory.

“The goal of CBT is to teach clients how to separate the evaluation of their behaviour from the evaluation of themselves and how to accept themselves in spite of imperfections” (Corey, 2009, p. 279). In CBT the clients are expected to change their current behaviour (normally full of automatic thoughts) to a more rational way of thinking. The clinician will challenge the client’s behaviour in order for the client to understand his or her behaviour and get alternatives to change his/her behaviour. When using CBT, the client’s behaviour changes when they are aware of the abnormal behaviour. This approach allows the client to focus on improving his/her wellbeing. This enhances the client’s awareness of an existing issue and that changes are necessary. The client will develop new coping skills to deal with the situation and develop a new way of thinking from negative (automatic thoughts) to positive (more realistic thoughts). Initially the client may not recognise that a problem exists, but through this process will get

CBT is an integrated approach using various combinations of cognitive and behavioral modification interventions and techniques (Myers, 2005). The aim is to change maladaptive patterns of thinking and behaving that impact clients in the present (Weiten et al., 2009). From a cognitive behavioral perspective Jane would be diagnosed as having faulty thinking and dysfunctional behavioral issues suffering from depression, and anxiety in the form of Agoraphobia (Weiten et al., 2009).

The therapist used the Cognitive Model of Panic (Clark, 1986), initially developing the three key elements of

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) was created by Aaron Beck, a professor in psychiatry in the 1960’s (Beck, 2011). Initially, Beck sought out to prove the psychoanalytic idea that depression stemmed from anger towards oneself (Beck, 2011). However, during his research he found that misleading thoughts and beliefs were the reasoning behind depression. Beck theorized that one’s current feelings about something are derived from an initial encounter that gave meaning to that specific event. So, negative feelings about a particular occurrence can be a result of misinformation (Beck & Greenberg, 1984).

The antagonists in this book are his patient from whom he elicits permission before using them. The author uses scenarios from some of his therapy sessions to evoke alertness in his audience as well as to provide a practical framework with which they can relate or be guided as therapists or future therapists.

In 1935 Anna became the director of the Vienna Psychoanalytical Training Institute and the following year she published another book, which was a very influential study of the “ways and means by which the ego wards off unpleasure and anxiety”, called The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense. This book was different from the “traditional bases of psychoanalytical through in the drives: it became a founding work of ego psychology and established her reputation as a pioneering theoretician” (“Anna Freud - Life," n.d.).

Bob is a 26 year old white male who has been suffering from anxiety attacks and depression. He indicates that these issues presented themselves 6 years ago after a single use of the hallucenogenic drug LSD in college. He indicates a fear of flashbacks to that experience and says there in no other incident that could cause these issues. He also discusses a tumultuous relationship with his father and two brothers, and was significantly more shy than his siblings while growing up. He maintains that he has trouble holding down a job, and has little to no relationship with his male family members at this time.