Introduction Information professionals serve individuals as well as communities. Since everyone has their own learning style it is imperative that professionals have a basic understanding of learning principles and theories and understand how they can design instructional programs based on these theories. By having an understanding of learning principles and by having the ability to design programs, information professionals can tailor their actions to better suit their users’ needs.
Cognitive load theory A significant theory to consider when teaching a user or student is cognitive load theory. Cognitive load theory suggests that learning happens best when it is aligned to an individual’s cognitive ability or working memory. Our working memory can only handle a small amount of information or a limited time, by creating schemes we can transfer information from our working memory to our long term memory which can store a lot of information for an indefinite amount of time. There are times when cognitive load is too much for one person, this can happen if too much information is presented or the subject is too complex for the learner. An overabundance of cognitive load can be detrimental to a learner as it does not transfer information to long term memory and can discourage the learner. Every individual has a different cognitive load which means that some people may be able to learn and retain more information than others and vice versa.
Active learning Active learning
In school everyone learns differently; however, according to the article The Myth of Learning Styles, “The idea of learning styles is based on a theory… developed in the early 1980’s.” (pg 1.) A lot has certainly changed from the 1980’s as we learn new more material in every class we take. With this being said, someone the scientists referred to in the article “assumed” that learning styles challenged the way of the educational system when in reality, it is simply a myth. Students, like myself, only prefer to process information that they find useful or interesting to him or her. Thus giving us the problems of that teachers may take too long to cover one idea, and students may miss out out on information because he or she did not prefer that learning style.
Information literacy is said to be the foundation of the learning process. Unfortunately, as the Internet expands to meet the demand for easy accessible information, people are abandoning the literacy component by not seeking to understand the importance of reliable information to the learning process itself. The objective of this paper is to explore how the scholar, practitioner, leader model is influenced by information literacy, examine the responsibility of each, and provide alternate solutions to meet the challenges.
An easy and not so problematic way of getting a better learning process is more one on one tutoring. Kids are being placed in classes together and not all of them learn at the same rate. One child might understand something without complications. Yet, the other might not understand a simple step. With classes with various amounts of kids, not all of them are able to get the attention needed to figure out that one step. If each of them were walked through the process of things individually, there would obviously be a better chance of understanding the content. Arun Alagappan properly stated
To avoid overlearning, students should take breaks after reviewing content. Some educators believe that method of learning is an effective way to prolong long term retention and is common in schools. For example, assignments for mathematics courses include similar problems, leading students to overlearn.
There are several factors that have and still do influence on my own individual learning process. However some have impacted greater than others and they are as followed:
They work with supervisors to comprehend the training objective, work together with SMEs to characterize which aptitudes and knowledge should be secured in the course, pick the suitable instructional methodology and bolster the group in characterizing conveyance and evaluation techniques (Anderson, 2007). IDs additionally are in charge of planning particular e-learning exercises and materials that will be a piece of the course, including storyboard development. At this stage, substance gave by SMEs is instructively amended and coordinated with instructional strategies and media components, which will encourage and bolster the learning procedure. In expansive self-guided e-learning tasks, a lead ID may appoint the configuration of particular lessons to different
Students have their own best way in effectively learning the lesson. With the diversity of students, the problem is each student has a preferred learning style. It becomes undeniably one of the reasons that make it difficult to achieve the best expected outcome out of teachers’ effort. However, teachers try to incorporate various teaching techniques to make every learning opportunity become productive, meaningful, and relevant for the learners.
The effect of cognitive and perceptual load, cued attentional focus and stimulus rarity on attentional capture by abrupt-onset stimuli.
Studying seems to be something every college students puts off until the last minute. Or something they just completely ignore, relying on their memorization skills to hopefully have improved since the material was covered last. Most college students use either cramming or spacing as their study methods before an exam. Cognitive load not only impacts how much an individual can remember at the moment, but it also impacts how much an individual can remember over time. While some students believe cramming before a big exam is the best for them, studies on how cognitive load impacts the brain say otherwise. In order to improve memorization as well as test scores, it is best for students to understand their cognitive loads, and how it affects their everyday lives.
Over the 8 weeks in this class, I was able to learn in full detail unique techniques about the different learning theories. Since every individual learns differently, it is important to gain a understanding on all the different types of learning styles and struggles so that the learning environment can run as smoothly as possible and better insure academic success.
Education benefits individual mentally, emotionally and physically by placing them in better place than they were previously before. Everybody would agree that learning something new would take place throughout the life. Learning style defined as "A term that describes the variations among learners in using one or more senses to understand, organize, and retain experience" (Reid, 1987, p. 89). Furthermore, Felder and Henriques (1995, p. 21) explained learning styles as "the ways in which an individual characteristically acquires, retains and retrieves information". However, different learners possess different characteristics and different preferred learning styles to perceive, process, take in and understand information.
Cognitive and behavioral learning theories tend to dominate modern discussions of learning theories. Employed in both educational and clinical settings, both have important contributions to understanding how and why individuals learn. Is one approach statistically better than the other, or do they each have their own place where one approach may be more effective under specific circumstances? Each theory has supporters who claim the efficacy of their theory is superior. Comparison of the theories is necessary to determine if one is significantly better than the other, or even if one theory may be slightly more effective than the other. Determining if one competing theory
Cognitive load theory intersects with human cognitive architecture by addressing working memory as limited to three to seven elements of information when the learning of new information is a requirement (Blissett, Cavalcanti, & Sibbald, 2012). Yet, where there is familiarity of information, both capacity and duration limits of working memory are eliminated (Paas & Ayres, 2014). Cognitive load theory introduces the prominence of cognitive schemas as a strategic approach toward the organizing and storage of knowledge using the concept of chunking multiple elements of information within a single element with a specific purpose (Paas & Ayres, 2014). Cognitive schemas explains a learner’s transition from novice to skilled due to the creation
This essay will compare and contrast three key theories of learning; Behaviourism, Cognitive Learning Theory and Constructivism.
Every one has a mix of learning styles; some people may find that they have a dominant style of learning, with far less use of other styles in different circumstances. There is neither right or wrong style nor your style is fixed, you can develop your less dominant style and make improvement in your dominant ones. Your learning styles have more influence on your learning than you know it, they guide the way you learn. They also change the way you retain information and perceive experiences internally ("Overview of Learning Styles," n.d). Individuals have pathways that are specific to them, when information enters those pathways the information is retaining in short-term memory. Repeated exposure and use, promote retention in