Cognitive Evaluating Research

AbstractThe paper summarizes a single-system design aimed at improving the participant's score on the Clinical Assessment of Anxiety through the intervention of meditative breathing. A baseline of three weeks was measured followed by four weeks of treatment phase. During the treatment phase, the participant completed meditative breathing exercise three times daily for five days each week. The participant completed the Clinical Assessment of Anxiety each Friday of the treatment phase. The results indicated improvement in the scores, however the participant's score never got below the clinical cutting score of 30.

Participants underwent a screening process to ensure eligibility and were then randomly assigned to a treatment, or a control group. Those in the worry exposure group were trained to listen to one worry image at a time for 20-30 minutes and use a 0-100 SUDS scale to measure anxiety. Students placed in the expressive writing group were told to write about their academic worry in detail for 20 minutes per session. Audio-photic stimulation was administered through headphones for 35 minutes at a time, and programmed for worry reduction. The participants continued this for one month before being evaluated again for pathological academic stress.

Anxiety is a psychological disorder that affects many people, both mentally and physically. There are many different types of people who live with this disorder, from the young adults to the older generations and from female to male. There are various ways that the disorder may transform the life of the individual who go through the everyday effects of anxiety. A recent study from the Anxiety and Depression Association of America shows that “Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the U.S, affecting 40 million adults in the United States age 18 and older, or 18% of the population.”(ADAA), with it being the most common disorder, it is also the most expensive disorder since people need a lot of help. People think of anxiety as just the usual small form of anxiety like when you drive and get nervous but it can be a lot more than extreme for some people. There are many different forms of anxiety that people can experience, for example social anxiety and various phobias. People have been researching ways to assist people with anxiety and attempt to help find the best methods to help them cope. Studies have been done on how anxiety runs in different cultural groups in america, these studies and more have shown that anxiety and depression usually go together.

This text proposes to display the results of a study that was conducted by selecting a random sampling of students. Information was gathered and scored about their study habits and their anxiety levels at exam time. The goal was to determine whether or not there was a significant level of correlation between the numbers of hours that students studied in relation to the level of anxiety that the students experienced at exam time. As researchers the aim was to disprove the null hypothesis that states there is no correlation between the two variables and to prove the alternate hypothesis that states that the anxiety at exam time is directly

I needed to reduce my stress level if I wanted to get an A in the class. I used two coping strategies to overcome the stress I had. The strategies were emotion-focused coping and problem-focused coping. First, I decided to look

Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder often includes a lifestyle change and patients often resort to home remedies. The use of books, yoga, relaxation techniques (progressive muscle relaxation), and autogenic training may help relieve symptoms and promote a healthier way of living; physically and mentally. Studies have not been done on these strategies for there effectiveness but may have personal lifestyle improvements which aid in depleting anxiety. Some lifestyle changes such as daily exercising may have a physical and psychological benefit. Since anxiety is often accompanied by shallow breathing, exercising and deep breathing exercises such as in yoga may be beneficial to treatment. Therapists often use progressive relaxation techniques (tensing and relaxing of muscles one body part at a time) and relaxing visualization (meditation) which can be done at home on a regular basis and used when a patient finds themselves in a difficult situation which may increase anxiety (Goldburg, 2017). Anxiety may be triggered or relieved depending on who the patient is surrounded by. Another method of self-help would be to find a support system, or engage in social interactions with people who care about the patient; family, friends or significant other. When anxiety peaks and the patient begins spiraling, being able to talk to someone may bring relief. On the

For this research we will explore the power of meditation relaxation and the effects it has on treating college students suffering from depression. Two groups will be randomly assigned to one of two conditions: meditation-relaxation technique training or pseudo-relaxation training. Our independent variable is one of the two conditions and our dependent variable will be scores received from the Beck Depression Inventory. Based on past research with similar studies, it is hypothesized that the group receiving meditation-relaxation technique training will report lower rates of depression than the group receiving

When an individual has unipolar depression, several friends and family members try to surround and support the person who is struggling. Although this is a noble desire, friends and family have a tendency to provide the support the wrong way by trying to convince the person with the diagnosis that their cognitive distortions are wrong. Unfortunately, painting the situation in a lighthearted manner for a person with depression can be construed as dismissive or naive. Ultimately, the person with depression remain feeling down, and feels unable to be honest with the person, which leads to a false front or simple avoidance.

The final thing I found information for was the advantages and disadvantages of the specific emotion-focused coping strategies discussed. In doing this, I found a source about meditation on About Health titled “Benefits of Meditation for Stress Management,” which was very helpful in explaining how meditation reduces stress and it’s pros and cons. Unfortunately, I could not find any specific techniques of problem-focused coping strategies even with the further research conducted today, and thus, decided to use the general pros and cons mentioned in previous sources.

One coping mechanism that I will be using is from the chapter 9 in our book Cognitive Restructuring: Reframing. I am choosing this technique because I need to change the way perceive my stressors. I am someone who makes mountains out of molehills, and I often have anxiety attacks that affect my psychologically and physiologically well-being. I have reached a point where I can no longer continue living my life feeling physically and emotionally drained. I know something has to change. Therefore, to rid myself of the toxic thoughts that rule my life I have decided to make a change by applying the cognitive restructuring steps into my everyday life.

Stress and anxiety on students in America have been only increasing over the years and the education system needs to discover ways to help reduce both. According to the

The Total 72 sample were collected using purposive sampling technique The result indicated that there was no significance difference in pretrait and prestate anxiety among the participate scores. In addition, the education level was no significant in three groups (P = 0.594). Therefore, the randomization method was adequate for random allocation of recruited individuals in three groups. The ANOVA was conducted to compare the posttrait and post state anxiety among three groups. The F-test showed that a significant difference among three groups regarding scores of posttrait and poststate anxiety (P< 0.05). Moreover, the changes of scores in trait and state anxiety were statistically significant (P< 0.05). The Tukey post hoc test was used to compare groups one by one, and the results showed that Benson's relaxation method was similar to systematic desensitization method in decreasing the trait and state anxiety score (P = 0.903). Therefore, both Benson's relaxation and systematic desensitization intervention methods were effective in decreasing of the anxiety score of

Based on the example of Juanita, there are strategies that could be used to help reduce her anxiety that she is experiencing due to having to take a math test. Test anxiety can negatively affect Juanita’s academic performance on the test so it is important for the counselor to be able to provide her with strategies that can help her to cope with the anxiety (Parsons, 2007). Different strategies to help Juanita could include teaching coping skills, study skills, and relaxation techniques (Capuzzi & Gross, 2014; Parsons, 2007). Also, to normalize the strategies the counselor can provide guidance lessons for all students using the same relaxation techniques and provide an overview for teachers and parents so that the same techniques could be used

Liem, Gregory Arief, D. (2015). School based intervention for test anxiety. Child and youth care forum, 45(1), 1-17.

Based on these findings from research done previously I feel that this study is important. Firstly, we need to understand what causes the stressors and how it affects the individual. For example, if you have an entire university with stressed students, not being productive, not performing well academically perhaps thinking of dropping out of university because of the overwhelming anxiety; it can be detrimental to the institution in terms of status and students in terms of individual realisation. Secondly, we soon have to formulate effective and efficient stress management guidelines as we