Collaboration and Argument
Carmetta C Jackson and Waltresa Mayho
ENG/215 EFFECTIVE ACADEMIC WRITING
JULY 9, 2011
DR Tracy A Boothe
Collaboration and Argument Collaboration is defined as working collectively with others or concurrently to achieve a
goal especially in a creative attempt to put together the right elements of success implemented to
accomplish something.
Argument is defined as controversy or the implication of expression through opinions for an effort to persuade; for the submission that provides support or is in contrast to some idea.
Robert Ennis defines an argument as "an attempt to support a conclusion by giving reasons for it." (Critical Thinking, 1995) Irving M. Copi, in his Introduction to
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Papers that are written collaboratively are created in a different form then papers that are written by an individual due to the fact that collaboration means to work with another or others on a joint project while individual means working independently. Collaborative writing refers to organizing and the planning of shared written documents during the process of team building. As a team you also have more members that can get the job done faster and even sometimes better. Collaboratively written papers start with preliminary discussions of an ideal then on to brainstorming as input is divided into sections so that participation can be achieved by each team member with open channels of communication within the allotted time line so that the assignment can be assessed by the group to provide the final draft. The independent working individually creates their papers differently by doing all of the work on their own with full control of their time limits, methods, process and style. They are responsible for their own argument. The downside is that they are not able to collaborate and get ideals from others and time restraints can be a factor on large tasks and when something becomes too difficult to handle there is no one to assist you. Collaboratively and individually arguments are written differently on the account of facts and opinions that are researched as a group and the individual argument is researched solely
Arguments can be made out of just about anything. An argument has two sides, and conveying an opinion is one of those two sides. Arguments sort out the views of others and the support of those arguments represented by those people from past events. These events let others show their argument about what will happen in the future, and of how the future carries on today. Newspaper articles can be arguments, and laws being passed in Congress have a form of argument associated with them. There are many types of arguments that are presented in many ways. In Everything’s an Argument by Andrea A. Lunsford and John J. Ruszkiewicz, information is given about three specific types of argument: forensic, deliberative, and ceremonial. Forensic arguments
An argument is a claim supported by reasons and pieces of evidence. Arguments have five primary attributes. Firstly, argumentation is a social process which involves two or more parties responding to one another’s proposal or claim. For the case of a written argument, the writer responds to the content of the essay through a critique process. The responses should not only involve restating the same claims and reasons but rather providing supportive pieces of evidence to the positions taken accordingly. Secondly, the aim of an argument is to make the audience adhere to the written critique. The objective is to influence the audience with the aim of gaining support to
An argument is an attempt to prove that something is true (or probably true) by offering evidence. In philosophy there are usually three premises that are part of the argument. Premises are evidence used to attempt to prove the conclusion. The third premise is the one that sums up that argument. Arguments can be objectively true or subjectively true. For an argument, x is objectively true if and only if x is the case, and x is subjectively true for S if and only if x coheres with S’s worldview of X is simply a matter of taste.
Argumentation is a significant element, and people tend to use it every day. By using the word “argumentation” I do not mean to go against someone’s opinion and arguing with them, but what I mean is making others have faith or some sort of belief on the person who is arguing. However, these arguments can occur in two ways such as direct argument and indirect argument. Furthermore, these arguments work with elements and there are three types of elements ethos, pathos, and logos. These elements are engaged with practical reasoning which are divided into three parts datum, warrant, and claim. Accordingly, to discuss about the process of the argumentation “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” will be a notable example.
Throughout the course of history there has been a few basic pioneer traits which has become habitual and a way for humans to express themselves. One of the main and core habits which is an important way of expressing ourselves is through communication. Furthermore, as one becomes more precise about communication, they soon realize that they might not have the same views on certain topics. Hence, this leads to argumentation, which is the process of supporting an idea or simply a means for one to express and communicate themselves. Typically, an argument does not consist of name calling, and as a matter of fact disapproves ideas without evidence. Alternatively, good arguments consist of a few vital rhetorical issues such as, supporting evidence,
Different people have different types of arguments, depending on the situation, which may be good or not good. An argument can be defined as many things. According to Mike, who I interviewed, he interprets an argument as something being determined or evaluated that is true or false with the presence of credible research or evidence. The definition of an argument according to me, is defined as the exchange of ideas to another person that may be true, false, negative, or
Feldman begins the introduction of his inquiry by identifying the importance of argumentation in critical thinking and epistemology. He states, “Epistemology is the abstract study of knowledge and rationality. Critical thinking, as I understand it, is a kind of applied epistemology, the underlying idea being that thinking clearly and carefully about any issue requires understanding and applying some fundamental epistemological concepts” (Feldman 1). He goes further to describe arguments as “tools for helping us figure out what it is most reasonable to believe” (Feldman 2). A good argument is an earnest exchange between different parties that are trying to establish an agreeable conclusion. It is for this reason that agreeing to disagree is fallacious. In a debate, the sole purpose is to challenge ideas and claims in order to come to the paramount and most logical conclusion. The function of deliberation is
BonJour begins his second half by elaborating on argumentation itself. An argument is a set of propositions in which one proposition (the conclusion) follows from the other propositions known as premises (BonJour 4). The transfer from the premises to the conclusion is known as an inference (BonJour 4-5). This is an idea that seems basic and all philosophers use arguments in order to justify their claims. An argument therefore underlies the whole philosophical discourse. BonJour commences his second argument by looking at the nature of reasoning
In chapter one “Writers and Their Sources,” Dorothy Seyler (Read, Reason, Write) uses sources to show the readers how to analyze critically the content for later discussion and, along with how to paraphrase and quote properly to form a well written summary. Seyler begins by giving an example of a day-to-day argument which she defines the argument is a claim supported by reasons. Seyler also says that most if not all arguments are found in our uses of language. It is either implied or clearly stated. From simple like, “which types of fries are better” to meaningful arguments that are about our live and the future. In an argument, Writers use different strategies to draw the audience’s attention towards the ideas that are present in their writing while readers try to summarize and grasp the ideas and how it is related to the author. She explains that as a part to summarizing, the readers must analyze the work. This includes examining the sentence patterns, metaphors and other techniques to see how they are organized to fit the author’s needs. Besides the analytic response, there is also the evaluation and research response.
An argument can take many forms. It is, at its root, a method for communicating a singular
Times. http://www.nytimes.com.2008/02/19/world /americas/19iht-princeton.1.10175351.html Fitzsimmons, W. 2014. Time out or Burn out for the Next Generation. Retrieved from
To fully understand the argument we should first define the parameters of the debate and the
The expression argument has two meanings in scholarly writing. First, it means a composition that takes a position on one side of a divisive issue. You might write an argument against the death penalty, or for or against censorship of pornography. But argument has another meaning, too. It means an essay that, simply, argues a point. You might assemble an argument about the significance of ancestor myths in a certain aborigine culture, or you might write an argument defending your understanding of any poem or essay that is read in your philosophy class. (Winthrop University) You are not necessarily taking one side of a divisive issue, but you are required to defend your points with credible evidence. You are taking a position. In a sense,
I deeply value the spirit of collaboration that exists at Columbia, allowing some of the best young minds in the country work together to learn, research, and change the world. The Common Core curriculum is a major part of what makes Columbia such a closely-knit community. Because the entirety of the diverse student population takes a set of the same courses, they all have shared experiences to connect over. The Common Core promotes deep intellectual discussions which bring out the unique perspective of every student, allowing them to learn from each other. The advising system at Columbia also contributes to this culture of collaboration. One’s fellow students can also be his or her mentors or advisers, supporting him or her and helping him and her learn, grow, and find new opportunities. The small class sizes contribute to this culture as well, by helping students to form closer relationships both among themselves and with their professors.
One of the main goals of science is to understand the world in which we live. Scientific understanding is produced by explanations. So in order to progress toward this goal, scientists are expected to construct explanatory theories.