Colonization of Egypt

Egypt revolted in 1881 to put down the British, who occupied the country at the time. Although in 1914, Egypt was declared a British protectorate. Most of Britain’s interest in Egypt was financial. So they used the Suez Canal as a route to their other colony, India. Transportation was then shorter and cheaper. This occurrence made Africa’s port cities obsolete. A diamond mine was then discovered in 1870. At the time it was the home of the Boers. Britain then seized it from 1871 to 1877. The Boers the revolted in 1881 and defeated the British and later were granted republic independence. This loss compelled Britain to protect the Suez Canal but France then threatened to reroute the Nile River. With the exception of the Suez Canal, Egypt would just be a large desert.

Between 1919 and 1952, Egypt struggled to obtain independence and develop a national identity (Botman 1991, 55). The majority of Egyptians were peasants or fallahins who were in a cycle of poverty as a result of the structure of landownership and the division of land through inheritance (Botman 1991, 73). The Wafd, a nationalist body in Egypt, espoused the anti-British movement for the masses and expressed the need for legitimate self-rule (Botman 1991, 55). The British had occupied Egypt since 1882 as a way to restore order and safeguard Egypt’s foreign population (Gordon 1992, 15). However, Egypt’s strategic importance led the British to prolong their short stay and after World War I, Britain declared a protectorate over Egypt (Gordon 1992, 15). Thinking that a postwar settlement might lead to Egyptian independence, a committee of

Ancient Egypt was a captivating and intricate civilization. Over the years, historians have found it easier to study this civilization, rather than other historical civilizations, because the Egyptians went through great lengths to record their history. Besides being decent record keepers, they were very religious, and “ahead of their time,” due to their technological and economic breakthroughs. Because of the aspects of this culture, it has to be one of the greatest civilizations of the world.

Ancient Egypt is a civilization of wealth and structure that flourished along the Nile River in northeastern Africa from about 3300 B.C to 30 B.C. In over 3,000 years, one of the most sophisticated and creative societies advanced where no other civilization did. 2,000 years later, it would be hard to think about the world without the impact of ancient Egypt, because it seems to have significantly affected every field of our American culture. The Egyptians have heavily influenced our culture’s literature, architecture, art, film, and politics.

Before imperialism, Egypt was ruled by pharaohs, ancient kings. It was a home to the Byzantine, or East Roman empire. The conquest between the Muslim Arab armies that attacked and conquered Egypt transformed the country. The Islamic empire was ruled by Arab Muslim leaders known as Caliphs. Caliphs ruled for many years until 1250 when a group known as the Mamluk revolted and took over and controlled Egypt.

There are very few civilizations whose collapse can be easily theorized. Lack of evidence and trending arguments provide bias perceptions for most research. Examination of the suggested collapse during Egypt’s New Kingdom is also plagued with predispositions and altering theories. Some arguments blame an adulteration of morals leading to the decline of complex traditional and religious beliefs. Others solely blame an environmental crisis capable of facilitating an economic crisis large enough to annihilate financial solidity for the entire kingdom. I argue it was not any one factor that led to the dissension of Egypt’s New Kingdom, but many. The New Kingdom collapse was the result of hostile neighbors, failing trade, political corruption,

Ancient Egypt, an ancient civilization known today as one of the world’s greatest, would last over 3000 years thanks to the many Egyptians contributing to its success. One such Egyptian was the Pharaoh, Akhenaton. Born to King Amenhotep III, Akhenaton ascended to the throne at around 1353 BCE . He was also known as Amenhotep IV, but would later change his name to Akhenaton in order to worship the god “Aton” . Akhenaton may be considered one of the most important figures in Egyptian history seeing that in the seventeen years he ruled , Akhenaton was a very unorthodox, innovative individual, who did not follow the conventional ideas the ancient Egyptians held at the time. This could be seen through his creation of a new city, his artistic innovations, and his beginning of the religious revolution.

Imperialism means the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies. Imperialism had both a negative and positive impact on Egypt. It helped bring adjustments to many aspects of Egypt’s government. An Egyptian lifestyle emerged because of its temporary British leadership. Egypt was also able to recover negative alterations which was left from British imperialism.

To gain power and to be the leader of Egypt, he committed massacres of Mamluks who ruled Egypt before French invaded. He killed them, and the event became known as the Massacre of Cidetal. The fact that he slaughtered innocent people seems cruel and brutal. However, it was necessary to overthrow the government ruled by Mamluks for the development of Egypt, considering the government’s weaknesses. The government at the time was ineffective and weak. Mamluks “were not united, and struggled for power among themselves”(“The Pasha’s Bedouin”). Egypt was invaded because the government was not functioning properly, and Mamluks were not able to do anything even after French started to rule the country. By taking power from Mamluks entirely, Muhammad Ali minimized the possibility of rebellions and established the strong military which prevented other countries from invading Egypt. Some other sacrifices were made during his modernization project. His modernization cost “the lives of some 100,000 of the Egyptian peasants who were ordered to do the digging” and caused great suffering as he increased the taxes. (“Muhammad Ali Pasha”). A tax inspector who served for Muhammad stated “a village which had formerly paid 1,000 riyals in taxes … was now assessed at between 10,000 and 100,000 riyals, more or less” because Muhammad increased taxes (“Muhammad `Ali's Tax Inspectors”). The increase in taxes would have caused great suffering to people. However, it cannot be denied that his modernization plans were needed to make Egypt strong. Although people suffered from high taxes, he brought positive influences on Egypt by using those taxes effectively. With his projects, Egypt was able to establish cotton agriculture which still supports Egypt’s economy still today, and brought economic growth which would make people’s lives better because the country can get more profits to organize and to create

Ancient Egypt would not have been able to survive without the Nile River. The Nile was the lifeline of ancient Egypt and without it, there wouldn't have been any possible way to build a successful civilization. The Nile gave ancient Egyptians materials, food, and a form of transportation. Without the Nile, the ancient Egyptians could not have been able to farm because there would be almost no fertile soil.

First, Ali turned to the western world for help, westernized schools and training aids were set up all across Egypt in attempt to help inform the country about industrialized nations. He built factories for the production of cotton, wool, silk, and juke. Ali had made cotton his own personal monopoly. He found that he could produce very cheap in the factories, he then bought it directly from these factories, marked-up the price and sold it to British textile manufacturers. Ali also imported tons of machinery and workers to increase the efficiency and quality of his factories. Eventually, Ali had to set up trade embargoes on Great Britain. Britain’s higher quality goods produced at lower costs vastly outmatched Egypt’s low-quality, expensive goods. Even though Ali’s attempt at industrialization wasn’t that successful, it still helped spring Egypt into the modern

Egyptians began to settle along the banks of the Nile River, Starting as far north as to the city of Alexandria all the way down south to Aswan. They developed into a well-structured society as Far East to the Red Sea and west to Dakhia, Oasis among many (Figure 1.). The Nile River reached far lending a hand in creating a well-known civilization that consisted of building pyramids and producing crops for their pharaoh. Evolving from hunters and gatherers into agriculturalists throughout history, Egypt has claimed to be one of the earliest and most spectacular civilizations of ancient times. One could wonder if, what led to the collapse of this great society resulted from the Egyptians interaction with the environment by overusing

Have you ever wondered how Ancient Egypt helped shape the world today? Ancient Egyptians were a group of folks who were heavily influenced by religion. They feared dying anywhere but Egypt. The Egyptian Empire held a fascinating and very distinctive culture. Being one of the world 's most advanced cultures and creating tons of wealth is what separated them from everybody else. Between the outstanding artwork, teaching methods, and amazing pyramids is what helped their society advance altogether. No other civilization of the ancient world history had such a popular appeal and none as important as human society and its organization. Egyptians have made great steps in shaping the world we all know today, which have made studying their culture and society easier than some previous historical eras.

Ancient Egypt was one of the greatest ancient civilizations in human history. Ancient Egypt was the longest lasting civilization in the ancient world and lasted for about 2,500 years. ancient Egypt was able to last so long because of their many great accomplishments. The most important thing that lead to the accomplishments and success of ancient Egypt was The Nile River. Ancient Egypt is often referred to as the “Gift of the Nile” because of how important the Nile River was to the success and longevity of ancient Egypt. Without the Nile River, ancient Egypt would have never been able to things like farm, use papyrus, build boats, trade or fish. The Nile River was the sole reason as to why ancient Egypt was able to become so successful.

Egypt was a complex civilization because it had all of the important civilization indicators. Egypt was a smart resourceful they had strong beliefs. Under the rule of the Pharaoh, they build an empire and even now a thousand year later it is still one of the greatest civilization in history.