Colorectal Cancer And Its Effects On The Digestive System

The non-ruminant digestive system works so that our stomach churns the food so it is into tiny little pieces, and makes sure that the food we eat is fully digested and the stomach muscles contract in order to churn food. The small intestine then absorbs and digests 90% of the food we eat and then absorbs minerals and nutrients, the large intestine then absorbs water from the remaining indigested food and transports waste material from our bodies, the rectum then temporarily stores our faeces until it is full and then faeces excrete from our anuses.

The digestive and excretory systems help the body with the wonderful task of food. The digestive system is composed of the stomach, mouth, liver, pancreas, and the large and small intestine. It digests food and provides the

The large intestines are a part of the digestive system (Colorectal cancer, 2015). The large intestines (large bowels) are made up of the colon and the rectum (What is colorectal cancer, 2016). The colon is five feet long muscular tube that makes up the majority of the large bowel (What is colorectal cancer, 2016). After food goes through the small intestines, of the digestive system, the colon absorbs the salt and water from the food that remains and the waste matter (feces) is the byproduct (What is colorectal cancer, 2016). The feces is then expelled from the body through the anus (What is colorectal cancer, 2016).

The small intestine is between the stomach and the large intestine. The small intestine takes up most of the lower part of the body. I can remember this by tracing the path in the photo.

The most common diagnosed cancer is colon cancer (also known as colorectal cancer). In the United States, it’s second leading cause of death related to cancer. Is there a difference between colon cancer and colorectal cancer? Having proper education and understanding of the disease is important to the patient.” Colon cancer is malignancy that begins in the colon or large intestine. The tube-like organ near the end of the digestive system.” (http://coloncancercoalition.org/get-educated) Colorectal cancer is part of the colon and the rectum, at the end of the large intestine is the rectum. Where the body expel waste product through the anus. In the large intestine polyps can appear flat or knob-like growths. (http://coloncancercoalition.org/get-educated)

Colon cancer, also known as Colorectal cancer is cancer of the colon, which is the final part of your digestive system. Most of these cases begin as adenomatous polyps, which are small benign (noncancerous) cell clumps, but overtime these polyps can become cancerous.

Colon and rectum cancer, much like many other cancers, are researched and analyzed in order to study the trends of the disease. Either of these cancers are also named colorectal cancer for reference to either colon or rectal cancer. Colorectal cancer is in the top five most commonly diagnosed cancer within the United States, standing at number four. There are 50,260 estimated deaths from colon and rectum cancer, ultimately making up the estimated 8.4 percent of all diagnosed cancers. New cases of these cancers have decreased since 1992; deaths have also decreased. Statistics show deaths and numbers of cases diagnosed have been decreasing by over two percent each year for the last ten years.

Older people: most of the people who have been diagnosed with colorectal cancer are older than 50 years old. Colon cancer can also occur in people who are too young, but it happened a little.

Colon cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world as most patients don’t have any symptoms in the early stages of the illness.

Nearly one-third of patients diagnosed with colon cancer have metastatic disease (disease that has spread to other parts of the body) (Colon Cancer Alliance 2015a). The most common site of spread is the liver (Colon Cancer Alliance 2015a). Patients with rectal cancer may also have metastatic disease that has spread to the liver. Ablation and embolization are interventional therapies directed at the liver to destroy cancer cells.

The rectum is the final part of the GI tract which links the end part of the colon known as the sigmoid colon and the anal canal. The average length of a human rectum can vary from 15 to 20 cm. The rectum can be divided into three or four chambers and each of these chambers is separated from the next by permanent transverse folds which are also known as Valves of Houston [8]. The diameter decreases going down the GI tract meaning it is the largest at the caecum with a diameter of 8.5 cm decreasing to 2.5 cm in the sigmoid colon [8]. The diameter of the rectum is similar to that of the sigmoid colon. The permanent transverse folds help the rectum carry out its function by supporting contents of the rectum and storing faeces until defecation [8]. However due to the reducing diameter, this means that the surface area over which drug absorption can occur is also reduced.

The availability of the peritoneal disease in relation to colorectal cancer has a poor prognosis; therefore, traditional treatment such as systemic chemotherapy is usually associated with less survival rate. Currently, several innovative individuals globally are seeking to utilise more rapid and thorough strategies for the management of colorectal cancer. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) is one of the most popularised methods of managing the disease in some selected patients. Peritoneal carcinomatosis has been established as one of the major causes of treatment failure among patients with colorectal cancer. Even though it is considered fatal, scientist have postulated that a localised peritoneal carcinomatosis without any other metastases can be considered as a regional disease metastasis and should be pliable to local-regional therapy.8 Despite the fact that curative liver resection for colorectal cancer is well established with a survival rate of 5 years, peritoneal cancer has been considered as an end stage disease. The notion that some individuals who have peritoneal carcinomatosis possess a regional disease rather than a metastatic malignancy has led to the development of multiple complex surgeries that can result in a macroscopic excision of the cancer completely (cytoreduction), which is combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy to manage some of the microscopic diseases.15

Colorectal cancer is one of the global leading diseases and it is the third most common causes of death in both men and women in America. Approximately 1 in 12 Australians will develop colorectal cancer in their lifetime, and according to Bowel Cancer Australia, individuals are at risk if they are aged 50 years and over, have had an inflammatory colorectal disease or significant family history of colorectal cancer polyps.

A cancer diagnosis can bring most people to tears because it is thought of as an early death sentence. Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer, inflicting over 1 million people every year and accounting for more than 600,000 deaths worldwide.1, 5 Patients with colorectal cancer concomitantly present with anemia.1, 2 In addition to the blood loss expected during surgery, anemic patients undergoing surgical resection of colorectal cancer are at increased need for perioperative blood transfusion.2 In the early 1980s, researchers began to question the long-term effects of perioperative blood transfusions administered to patients with cancer.3 A year later the first clinical study was conducted and showed untoward effects on cancer recurrence. Since then many studies have shown an increased morbidity and mortality and higher recurrence rate of cancer due to immunomodulation.3, 4, 5 Presented here is a case report of a patient recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer and right and left lobe liver masses.

Colon is located in the digestive system. There are two parts of the digestive system. Upper part of the digestive system included stomach and small intestine, in which their job is to digest food for energy. Lower part of the digestive system are called gastrointestinal system, where colon and rectum are located. Its function is to absorb fluid to form