Colorimetric Cocaine Detection

Creatinine is a waste product filtered by the kidneys into the blood (serum) and urine. High serum, and/or urine creatinine levels are indicative of kidney dysfunction. A colorimetric assay can be used to determine the creatinine concentration in the urine and serum samples from patients who are suspected to have kidney dysfunction.

During 1984 through 1994, 10 years into The Crack Epidemic, the homicide rate of African American males aged 14-17 doubled. Along with an increase of African American children in foster care, fetal death rates and weapon arrests. Roles lost in families and the community. Health and lifestyle of the African American communities depleting due to the powerful affects of crack cocaine. The African American community has been significantly affected by The Crack Epidemic in the areas of health and culture as a result of where the source of crack cocaine introduced itself in America, laws surrounding crack cocaine and the perception of the drug.

The Players in the Cocaine Game: An investigative look at the dealers, suppliers, and enforcers

Mr. Brie was convicted of the manufacturing and distribution of a controlled substance analogue in violation of the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) and the Controlled Substance Analogue Enforcement Act of 1986 (Analogue Act), federal statutes, 21 U.S.C. §§ 802(32), 812, 813, 841(a), & 841(b)(1)(C) (2012), which is an offense that has a scienter element the Government has the burden of proving. McFadden v. United States, 135 S. Ct. 2298 (2015). The scienter element is developed through the following relevant provisions. A controlled substance analogue is defined as a substance which: 1) the chemical structure is substantially similar to schedule I and II substances, 2) has effects similar to (or greater than) those of substances that are schedule I or II, or 3) is

In the Dyes and Crimes laboratory experiment, the phosphorescence, fluorescence, and chemiluminescence properties i.e. traits of several chemicals were examined using (UV) Ultraviolet lamp. Observations on color, intensity, duration of glow, etc. were analyzed to determine the traits of the several chemicals. Correspondingly, the author of the unsigned note was determined through ink extraction, (TLC) Thin Layer Chromatography, (UV-Vis) Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy along with the Rf values for of each individual sample of ink compared to the unknown: the ink of the author on the unsigned note. Phosphorescence substances

Crack cocaine, aka benzoylmethylecgonine, is one of the most addicting and deadly drugs. It has many negative effects on the body, especially the nervous system. The effects on the user are usually long-lasting and irreversible. It is classified as a stimulant drug, meaning that it excites any bodily function. Stimulants usually target more of the brain and nervous system, which can cause higher alertness, an elevated mood, wakefulness, increased speech and motor activity and a decrease in appetite. Crack cocaine has many nicknames, which includes crack, snow coke, nose candy, and stardust. Crack cocaine can be used in various ways, for example it could be snorted with its original white powder, smoked, or injected directly into the bloodstream. It is mainly snorted so it can be absorbed fast by the nasal tissues. When people smoke crack, it gets inhaled into the lungs, just as quick as getting it injected directly into your vein. The main

Writer called pt. to see if he needed any case management resources. He asked the writer about the results of his drug screen. Due to the sound and tone of his voice pt. did not sound like his normal self. Writer asked pt. if he needed food or housing. He informed the writer he was fine, he is a survivor. Writer was not able to ask if he needed a shelter to stay. Pt. rushed phone conversation.

To make crack, combine powdered cocaine hydrochloride, sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), and water. Mix it up then dry out the paste-like substance that was made from the mixture and when the substance is dry it will be little hard pieces which is nicknamed “rocks”.

Howlett, S. E. and Steiner, R. R. 2011. Validation of Thin Layer Chromatography with AccuTOF-DART™ Detection for Forensic Drug Analysis*. Forensic Sciences [e-journal] 56 (5), pp. 1261--1267. Available through: Anglia Ruskin University Library website http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk [Accessed on 11 March 2014].

Cocaine and heroine are both illegal drugs, however, they hold some differences than you may realize. The origins of both drugs come from different place. Cocaine is extract from coca leaves, which is developed by the painkiller whereas heroine is from the resin of poppy plants. In addition both drugs can be taking different way, for cocaine mostly people sniffed, as the cocaine is a crystalline powder. For heroine, it is mostly injected through body. Finally, these drugs provide different effects. Long-term cocaine use can lead to death from the respiratory failure, stroke, or heart attack. For ling-term heroine use can impact to the liver or kidneys from infectious diseases and brain can be damage due to lack of oxygen. Thus, cocaine and

Police dogs are known as local and national heros, but are they actually harming our society? Recently videos have been released of K9 dogs attacking humans, unable to be stopped by their handlers. Many people overlook these cases but some of the videos are hard to ignore. Many dog bite cases have been ignored by judges as well. Researchers are calling this the “Rin Tin Tin Effect.” This is when in court, police dog bites are overlooked due to their ‘Hero’ status and influence of their handlers. Drug search dogs and other service dogs also should be addressed in this category. Because attacking dogs have been misbehaving and it is becoming more apparent to the public, dogs in the police force should be limited to search and rescue missions.

An employee with a drug problem can be a serious obstacle in any workplace. Since they aren’t able to give their all in terms of job performance, and could easily display disruptive behaviour that affects the whole company, you’ll want to make sure that any potential problems are dealt with efficiently and properly.

Specifically, Willner developed an Exonuclease III (Exo III)-based aptasensor for the amplified detection of cocaine.242 Two split aptamer fragments (one was unmodified fragment and another was fluorophore/quencher modified fragment) were used. In the absence of cocaine, Exo III did not digest either of the single-stranded fragments and no fluorescence change was observed. In the presence of cocaine, cocaine assembled these two fragments into a duplexed target-aptamer complex that can be recognized and digested by Exo III. Exo III digestion led to the release of the quencher, and the fluorescence was greatly enhanced and the target and unmodified fragment were released. The released cocaine and unmodified fragment were recycled for anew recycle.

Willner’s group reported fluorescence detection of cocaine by labeling of the aptamer fragments with semiconductor quantum dots/dyes or pyrene units.240 They found the formations of the aptamer-substrate complexes resulted in fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) or pyrene excimer emission. They also developed sensor platforms to perform cocaine detection using different modified aptamers.241 Specifically, several transducers were demonstrated by using Pt nanoparticles for electrocatalytic reduction of H2O2, CdS nanoparticles in the presence of triethanol amine for photoelectrochemical detection, and AuNPs modified Au substrate for surface plasmon

As they say, beauty is the eye of the beholder but what happens when the beholders have the same standard of beauty? In today’s society we are straying further and further away from embracing our natural selves. Women especially are expected to conform to these unrealistic beauty standards and are constantly criticized for not having certain assets or features such as curvaceous coke bottle body and perfectly sculpted face with no flaw in sight. As Ted Chiang beautifully said in Stories of Your Life and Others, “Think of cocaine. In its natural form, as coca leaves, it's appealing, but not to an extent that it usually becomes a problem. But refine it, purify it, and you get a compound that hits your pleasure receptors with an unnatural intensity.