Daryl Naquin, Jr.
Contact: Europe and America Meet (1492-1620) The rhetoric used to describe how Columbus and other European explorers “discovered” the Americas is vanishing. It is much more accurate to say that these European explorers helped make the first contacts between two different worlds. Before the Europeans ever set foot in the Americas, Native Americans or Indians were inhabiting the lands. However, the peace in the lives of Indians would eventually be disrupted by disease and war over land when the Europeans arrived. Each group of Europeans that came over to the New World had a slightly different motivation. Ultimately, the role of Europeans in the previously “undiscovered” regions of the Earth would be reenvisoned. There
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Their religious aims were to bring Catholicism to the New World. As for the secular aspect, their aims were to secure lands for the mother country, acquire wealth, and satisfy personal ambitions for glory. However, the personal ambitions and the desire of wealth (particularly of the Spanish), helped lead to the false portrayal from Anglo-Saxons that these men were only sadistic savages. It is true that the Spanish conquistadores were relentless in their secular efforts, but their relentlessness does not explain how they were able to establish an empire in the New World for two centuries. It was during this time, that the Portuguese and Spanish introduced African slavery. Many Indians were succumbing to warfare and the disease outbreaks caused by the Europeans. Therefore, there was a labor shortage. In order to fill this need, the Spanish and the Portuguese joined a centuries old West African and Mediterranean slave trade. The slave trade grew, especially from the cultivation of sugar cane. Although, it was done through an evil way, this slave trade would bring in another culture that had never been to the Americas—one that would also make an influence in the grand development of the New …show more content…
When the French came, their concern was not about conquering regions. Their concern was to give themselves a strategic point in the Americas and to compete against Spain and England. These colonies would serve more as economic bases than permanent settlements However, this process would hardly be a simple one. Spain controlled Mexico, the Caribbean Islands, and the south Atlantic coast. Britain and the Netherlands had already took control of the northern Atlantic coast. With three powers inhabiting the Americas all at once, making a presence would prove to be difficult for the French. Early settlements of the French were defeated such as Port Royal and Nova Scotia. Fortunately for the French, they were able to eventually control the St. Lawrence River and claim the Mississippi River Valley, spreading their culture in the northern, Midwest, and southern regions of the present day United States. With these motivations and methods, the Spanish, Portuguese, and French were able to play a role in the development of the New World. Sometimes, the effect of their roles would be negative as seen by the devastation of Indian culture and the introduction of African slavery to the Americas. However, their colonizations helped give the Americas the amount of diversity they display today. Yet, they didn’t understand what the true purpose of
The greed for gold and the race for El Dorado were the main inducements of the Spaniards who, at the peril of their lives, crossed the ocean in unfit vessels in a mad pursuit after the gold and all other precious property of the Indians” (Peace 479). The royal rulers of Spain made it a rule that nothing would jeopardize their ability to rob the land from the native people of Latin America. The missionary process, “had to be encouraged, but the missionaries could not be permitted to dominate the colony at the cost of royal rule” (Gibson 76). The European governments established missionaries to cleanse their minds of any guilt aroused by the slaughtering of innocent men, women, and children. When European “ships arrived in the 16th century to colonize the land and exploit its natural resources, they killed indigenous people and brought black slaves from Africa. Millions of indigenous people were slain and their cultures completely destroyed by the process of colonization” (Ribero). The overall devastations caused by the Christianization of the native inhabitants created a blend of cultures within the indigenous civilizations which gradually isolated old native ways into a small population of oppressed people. The Christianized people became a symbol of loyalty to the European powers and were left alone simply on their religious status. This long term mission of total religious replacement caused very strong and advanced
British empire was in control of Canada, “a deep and complex transformation.” (Calloway, 112) British empire envision North America with field of action while the French spent the next two decade revenging on their loss with the Seven Years’ War and Treaty of Paris. Even though the French did not succeed in North America, eventually they migrated towards large swaths of Canada, The Great Lakes, and Mississippi Valley using their social systems and culture to survive. “The Interior French”, (Calloway, 123) were French-Canadian who lived beyond the Great Lakes country. They had formed an alliance within the Indians and having a good reputation with dealing goods. Louisiana went to Spain eventually, a few French migrated to Louisiana as a Peace of Paris. More settlers were French in Louisiana during the Spanish era instead of the French. Louisiana changes hand in Paris a couple times in 1763.
The chapter, 1493 in the book “Lies My Teacher Told Me,” by James W. Loewen discusses how Christopher Columbus’s “discovery” of the Americas led to the meeting of new cultures. Columbus was not the first to discover the Americas, but rather he was the first European to. His expedition was fueled by the desire for wealth; he wanted to exploit and conquer. He claimed the riches and land the Native Americans had as his own. His interaction with the natives of the land were abusive for he tortured and enslaved ones who did not perform his labor. Columbus almost caused the extinction of the natives through the Europeans introduction to horrible diseases and mass suicide because of their horrible conditions. In fact, textbooks do not focus on what
Between 1607 and 1718 the Spanish, French, and English governments attempted to expand their power through exploration in order to acquire land and provide economic growth. All three countries colonized portions of North America for the purpose of utilizing their newly acquired land’s natural resources in order to transport valuable goods unavailable in Europe. While all the colonization methods focused on establishing relationships with natives, the ways in which natives were treated varies to extremes. The Spanish treated natives with contempt and tried to eradicate their culture. The English used natives as slaves to do the hard labor that agriculture required. In contrast, the French created an alliance with the natives, which allowed them to trade with Indian tribes in their region.
The natives that Christopher Columbus had come against were not in opposition of him but wanted to be able to hear him out and see what he could offer them. From his first voyage, Columbus had sent Indians back to Spain with him as a trophy to flaunt to the King and Queen of Spain for the recognition he should receive up on his return from the New World. In the Letter from Christopher Columbus (1493) he gives a description of how he gains their trust, “they are timid and full of fear… As soon as they see that they are safe, and have laid aside all fear, they are very simple and honest, and exceedingly liberal with all they have, none of them refusing anything he may possess when he is asked for it,” (Page 300). Columbus and his men were never
Slavery, like Portugal, was crucial for Spain. Unlike Portugal Spain used Native Americans as their slaves. (Mainly because of geography) Spain also believed in Encomienda. Which is basically there way of “giving back” to Native Americans, they would teach Native Americans their religious views and in return Native Americans would be forced to work to death. So it would appear that converting people (slaves) to Catholicism was an important reason why they went to the “new world”. Needless to say relations between Spain and the Native Americans spoiled just like the relationship between Portugal and Africans did. A lot of Native Americans believed that Spain gave them nothing. Most if not all of Spain’s economy was based on mining silver and gold and sugar plantations. At the time of this colonization and for the next 200 years Spain is extremely rich.
Jack Weatherford in his essay “Examining the Reputation of Christopher Columbus” proposes the idea that Columbus was not the person who people believe to have accomplished all the things we were told about him at a young age. Weatherford's determination and his persuasiveness can be seen with his use of emotional diction, fluid tone, and the logos juxtaposition of Columbus’s events with others.
Europeans came to the Americas looking for wealth. They were not really trying to establish colonies for their surplus population, but to extract wealth from the resources which they found. In addition to gold and silver, the Europeans found wealth in the slave trade. The slave trade by the 1500s was well established in Europe. For help to find the gold and silver and spices and things they found native and african slaves to come dig for their riches. The Spanish involvement in the American Indian slave trade started very early. On christopher columbus's second expedition to the Americas in 1493 Christopher Columbus enslaved over 500 Native Americans and sent them to Spain. In addition, to the search for gold and other riches, slavery at this
The founding of the New World fascinated many Europeans because of the possibilities of the economic, political, and social growth. Europeans packed their belongings and boarded the boat to new beginnings. Arriving in the Americas was not what they had expected. Already pre-occupied in the land, were the Native Americans. The Native Americans refused the Europeans colonization in the America’s, but not all colonies in the Europe just wanted to colonize with the Natives. The intentions of the Europeans colonies were all different, as the Dutch solely came for business transactions. The Dutch business transactions resulted in the change of economic, political, and social movements, changing the lives of the Native’s.
Have you ever wondered where why the many different countries in Europe came to America to explore and colonize? There were two main concepts that drew the Europeans to America: the excitement and profit of the "New World", and the past histories of their countries. The English, French, and Spanish each came to the Americas in search of a new beginning; a fresh start in which they could escape past torment and capture new wealth. However, each motive defined the character of each settlement.
In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the movements to explore the new world increased rapidly. Among them was the arrival of the early Europeans on Americas. Only in a few decades this arrival has changed the land and the people of the Americas both on the physical the non-physical outcomes.
In the late 16th century, the French and Dutch began to have an interest in the new world which their European neighbor had discovered, Portugal and Spain. However the French and the Dutch were quite different then the Spanish in their tactics when they were attempting to settle colonies in the new world. When the Spanish where creating establishments in the new world they were searching for ways to make money for Spain which they thought was by finding gold but they realized that that agriculture was a more realistic way of profiting. A popular crop which the Spanish cultivated was sugar. When producing this sugar the Spanish used the surrounding native people as a work force. The Spanish also made it top priority to try to convert these
The late 15th century marked the beginnings of a period of discovery and expansion for Europeans. During these years of discovery, great forces behind drive for expansion existed. The Spanish and Portuguese's main forces included: the lust for the wealth of gold and silver, the acquisition of new lands which brought nobility, and the spread of their Christian based religion. The Spanish and Portuguese conquest of Latin America provides us with insight of these drives in the ultimate search for power. Unfortunately, these motives caused a European-Indigenous syncretism that virtually changed the native peoples way of life. Ultimately, syncretism meant survival for Native Americans in a world where their way of life did not suit the life
In the article Hello Columbus: America was No Paradise in 1492, by Robert Royal, Royal argued that Native Americans, along with Columbus, are portrayed wrongly in society today, from schools to media.
For millennia, North and South America lived isolated from the rest of the world, self-contained continents populated by many different native tribes, but without having contacted any nations east of the Atlantic. Through this separation, vastly different cultures were able to develop on the two sides of the ocean. The worlds of Europe and the lands that would one day become the Americas finally collided in 1492, when an explorer called Christopher Columbus tried to sail west to reach Asia and reached an entirely new land instead. Until 1620, these areas were claimed by the first Spanish and English settlers. However, these two countries had different ideas of how these new lands should be settled and explored.