LIBERTY THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY
COMMENTARY SEARCH ON APORIA IN THE 21ST CHAPTER OF JOHN
WRITTEN FOR PROFESSOR THOMAS CAMPBELL
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE COURSE
NBST 655 THE GOSPEL OF JOHN
BY DENISE WATSON-SMITH #221890
July 15, 2012
LYNCHBURG, VA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………...3
COMMENTARY ANALYSIS…………..………………………………………………..3 D.A. Carson……………………………………………………………………….3 W. Hall Harris III………………………………………………………………….4 Leon Morris……………………………………………………………………….6
DISCUSSION/EVALUATION …………………………………………………….…….6
CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………..……..7
BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………………9
INTRODUCTION
Within the Gospel of John lies a tremendous amount of texts that offer an
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Harris quoted another author to say, “these linguistic and stylistic considerations, when weighed against the undoubted resemblances between the first 20 chapters and chapter 21, it offers no sufficient information that would lead one to believe that chapter 21 was written by any other author.” Harris contends that most scholars, do not make the decision for or against the identity of the authorship based on the stylistic or linguistic evidence, but rather, that argument is made on the basis of the content or logical argument flow. Harris uses the knowledge of other scholars regarding chapter 21 of the Gospel of John. He highlights another scholar when viewing the idea if chapter 21 was just an addendum to the Gospel of John or is it an item of necessity. He quotes S. Smalley to say this, “Smalley demonstrates that chapter 21 is not as much of an addendum as some believe, and that it does in fact provide a necessary conclusion to the Fourth Gospel, which does not merely end with the confession by Thomas, but offer a repetitive emphasis that the disciples will continue the witness of Jesus even after He has ascended to His Father, in addition to carrying out the mission
1. When the Gospel of Thomas was discovered in December of 1945 at Nag Hammadi, Egypt, many people questioned if this book belonged with the other four gospels. Thomas (Hebrew) or Didymus (Greek) also nicknamed as “Doubting Thomas,” described as a man who would not believe until he saw it with his own two eyes. He ceaselessly questioned and was misanthropic about Jesus while the other eleven disciples believed from the beginning. Thomas’s book was full of Jesus’s sayings whereas the other four books contains Jesus’s sayings as well, but in a story format that starts from the beginning of when Jesus was born to the day he resurrects from the dead. Thomas wrote down Jesus’s 114 sayings when he was his disciple. Elaine Pagels’s Beyond
In the novel The Call of the Wild Jack London describes living through the Yukon Gold Rush through the eyes of a dog, Buck. Throughout the novel Buck went from being the “king of his domain” to being “beaten but not broken”, back to being a real leader and proving he can make it through everything that was thrown into his path. Buck experiences much change in the story, which changes the character that he is and the way he is trekking through life in the Yukon Gold Rush.
I continued my study in pursuit of the doctoral degree in Biblical Studies by reading the text, Encountering the Old Testament. Little did I know when I began reading this text that it would so completely satisfy two of my greatest pleasures; studying the Word of God and studying people’s history.
Most scholars do not believe that the author of John’s Gospel was based on the earlier Gospels (Harris, 2014). Scholars, such as Thomas Brodie, had a difference of opinion pertaining to whether the Gospel of John was created on behalf of John own account with Jesus (Harris, 2014). He challenged the different that the important material from the Synoptics was transformed. Brodie concluded after careful research that John’s Gospel was based on a theological rearrangement of the traditions life and meaning of Jesus (Harris, 2014). John’s narrative represented mainstream Christianity instead of the independent Johannine community. However, the major differences between the Synoptics Gospels and the Fourth Gospel of John were that John’s vision
Art is the key to all history, when a piece disappears history does as well. Politicians are reluctant to spend tax dollars on resources to help recover art because the general public is so oblivious on the importance of the issue. (Houpt) The loss of Caravaggio’s piece Nativity with St. Francis and St. Lawrence hides an era in art history and new style tenebrism he created. 1.
All author’s contain their own unique literary styles and the gospel authors are no exception. For example, the greek used by Mark’s author is unpolished which in turn leads to the authors of Matthew and Luke refining the material they borrow from Mark. Mark’s author also makes use of catchwords to link stories in his gospel. However, Mark’s most noticeable literary feature is also the most infuriating and confusing for the orderly. While on the surface Peter's denial and Jesus' act of concealing his identity may appear arbitrary, Mark uses devices such as compound stories to reveal the method behind the madness.
Jesus’s stories and words bring both comfort and revelation to people around the world. The stories that are contained in the four Gospels are those that share Christ’s doctrine as well as the history of the Savior. However, to say that the Gospel stories and doctrine cannot be applied to the modern reader would be incorrect. One of these Gospels, John, contains a particularly important message for both the historical and modern reader. In John 10, a variety of integral stories and important doctrine is outlined. In John 10, both the story of the Good Shepherd and Christ’s interactions with the Jewish leaders give insight to the historical reference and meaning of the doctrine in a modern setting.
The first three Gospels—Matthew, Mark, and Luke—are very similar in content, sequence of events, and literary style. As a result, they are given the name the Synoptic Gospels. The term “synoptic” means “viewing together.” The Gospel of John, however, is comparatively distinct from the first three. John’s omission of certain material, inclusion of unique events, literary style, and theme place it into a category by itself.
with that case in the papers, the Dean Brown thing. This S.O.B. killed not only
Giving back to the community is a passion of mine. The most rewarding experiences in my life have been doing what I can, to help others. As an Education major, helping children in the community is important to me, and reflected in my volunteer work. I have volunteered in several classrooms over the past two years in partnership with Junior Achievement. Volunteering with Junior Achievement allowed me to teach second grade students about the community they live in, the differences they can make in the community, and empowering students to become successful citizens who make a positive impact in the community. I have also volunteered with SA Reads, tutoring four students in reading in high-poverty schools in San Antonio. When tutoring, I use Science-Based Reading Instruction to improve literacy components. Tutoring students with SA Reads allows me to directly impact the lives of children in the community by tutoring them in reading each week, improving their reading skills, and helping students who would otherwise fall behind, succeed. Other ways in which I have impacted the community in a positive way is by regularly donating platelets at the South Texas Blood and Tissue Center, donating books to children nominated for an angel tree, volunteering at SWISD Special Olympics, Volunteering with Voices for Children, Picking up litter in a neighborhood, volunteering at the Celtic games and music festival cultural event at the kids’ corner, raising awareness of human trafficking
Why do we need to label people as special needs? Today in our society we can be very condescending towards people. We might think it is okay or some might not even realize that they are doing it. The problem with not realizing it, is that our society has shaped people into thinking it is okay to label one another. Society has labeled people with exceptionalities with the words as special needs, the problem child, God’s angel, special, but that is not right. It is time to make a change, we are all the same but we have something unique about all of us.
6. Think about an academic subject that inspires you. Describe how you have furthered this interest inside and/or outside of the classroom.
In life dilemmas, do you often feel you’re unable to endure through daily functions? For my family, this happens every day with very few serene moments. During the peaceful times, my mind and body are at ease and I wish that feeling would last forever. Unfortunately, the aroma of tranquility departs while I’m experiencing the motions of my demanding life. In these stressful moments, diligent quotes such as “This, too, shall pass” and “Everything happens for a reason” help accomplish my daily responsibilities. In the past few years, these encouraging words provided me the confidence to overcome obstacles with my family, anxiety, and depression. However, sometimes my depression consumes my entire body and I feel lifeless and numb. These feelings don’t allow me to relax after stressful times and it becomes difficult to fight the negative thoughts.
In my English classes, a popular assignment is analyzing the literature in an essay after reading a novel. You may think that because I had this assignment multiple times already, that I would be good at it by now. I should definitely be able to write it without any hesitation or problem. However, that is not the case, unfortunately. When analyzing literature, I still have a long way to go. I still have a lot of techniques and ways to pick up that would help make my writing more efficient. My brain is definitely still developing new strategies that could come in handy when writing. Although sometimes I believe that I am alright at analyzing literature, I do often times have writer’s block and can not seem to come up with an analyzation. Thankfully, due to my most recent English teacher, I had a lot of help and improved myself greatly. I feel confident in the quotes that I pick, confident in the commentary I am writing, and confident in the way I phrase it. I have developed my own techniques as to analyzing literature in order to write an essay along the way.
There are many lessons I learned in a little over a year. June 24, 2016, I remember standing on the stage at CSU when the old district president gave her words of wisdom to me and I received the district flag. Our first event as an officer team we elected the secretary, treasurer, and parliamentarian. When Sarah, the old district president, stood up to nominate me for Parliamentarian I looked at her like she was crazy. I never thought that I would get the spot until they announced my name as the new parliamentarian. As a new team, we went to New Mexico as a new team and I met some people that are fun but I never thought they would become my best friends. I remember thinking that they were some of the best when we were sitting around telling embarrassing stories and Kyle, The State president, told his most embarrassing and everyone else just laughed. When we said goodbye it was hugs, tears and until next times.