Communication And Culture: The History Of Communication And Culture

Intercultural Communication: a form of communication that aims to share information across different cultures and social groups

Cross-cultural communication is about the manner people with different cultural background interact with each other face to face or at a distance, i. e. the process by which people exchange with information. Three broad areas of communication are written, verbal and non-verbal communication, or body language. Some communication styles include direct/indirect, formal/informal and emotional/neutral communication. Direct communication assumes saying what people think without adapting the message to the counterpart. The result is clear and transparent but can be considered undiplomatic by the indirect communicators whose concern is to avoid offence. Formal communication style implies respect to age, status and also requires more formal language than informal communication style. In the emotional communication style it is important to express one’s emotions as it is a significant aspect of self-expression. Neutral communication style implies control of emotions and restricted body language. (Brian and Tomalin, 2013, p10). There can be problems of communication even within one culture and the barriers to efficient communication between different cultures can be poor knowledge of cultural differences, ethnocentrism, stereotyping and fear of embarrassment (Najafbagy, 2008; Brian and Tomalin, 2013).

Intercultural Communication is the process that occurs when members of two or more cultures or co-cultures exchange messages in a manner that is influenced by their different cultural perceptions and symbol systems, both verbal and

Culture is the most basic cause of a person’s wants and behaviour. Growing up, children learn basic values, perception and wants from the family and other important groups.

Rhetoric is an art of communication that aims at enhancing the capability of writers or speakers who endeavor to persuade, inform or inspire distinct audiences in exceptional scenarios. As a discipline of recognized teaching and a prolific civic application, rhetoric has played a fundamental role in the Western convention. Rhetoric is acknowledged best from the description of Aristotle who regards it as a compliment of both politics and logic, and terms it as the ability to make an observation in any given instance from the accessible means of influence. Unlike other Aristotle works that have been around for ages,

Culture directs human actions and the way person present themselves in the society in order to remain in the culture boundaries and accepted by the common community as a respected member of the society. According to David (2001) “Culture is often used to refer to ideas, beliefs, representation, behaviour pattern, practices, artifacts and so forth that are transmitted socially across generations within a group, resulting in pattern of within-group similarity and between group differences”. Moreover, culture is transmitted on an unconscious level from generation to generation, influencing day-to-day behavior and ensuring a people 's survival (Norma, 2001).

A research study investigating the theory of communication accommodation might investigate how different culturals communicate with each other.

Intercultural communication is a form of communication that aims to share information across different cultures and social groups. A form of communication is language. It is often viewed as an important factor in relation to the cultural perspective. The cultural perspective refers to the way that individuals are shaped by their environments as well as social and cultural factors. It affects how people relate to one another and their ability to communicate. Language is essential in the study and practice of global mission.

Culture is hard to define, almost impossible to delineate. The interactions of different cultures, then, are complicated and difficult to characterize. This is especially

Intercultural communication: A discourse approach attempts to explain the discourse approach and points to the authors ' distinction between cross-cultural communication and intercultural communication. The chapter underlines the authors ' approach and theory to intercultural communication. It covers several explanations and the distinction between cross-cultural communication and intercultural communication. The chapter discusses the many varieties of culture that exist. It also clarifies that intercultural communication can occur in conversations not necessarily when two people are from different countries.

I.     It is important to reflect one’s own national and cultural identity to understand what is different among people of different nations. History teaches us that culture always changes because of internal or external influences, even our own cultures and values change over time. Our world today is a world in which people from different nations and cultures are getting closer and closer because of economical and political reasons. Because cultures are becoming closer, communication is the most important quality for anyone to work on if they want to work in the international society. The history of communication and the relationships that were formed in the early part of worldwide communication still

The reading, in its entirety, explains the concept of culture and its influence on communication within both, a particular community and the world at large. It also mentions the three interconnected layers of culture, i.e., the outer layer, the middle layer and the core. The first two layers consist of symbols and ideals shared by a group, whereas the core layer includes adaptive culture or the ways of things because of human evolution. The implication is that culture is not something that is inherent in human behavior. It was built by continuous interaction and has been handed down to the newcomers in the society. This does not mean that people within a culture have identical sets of symbols, ideals or behavior, but there may be some similar behavior within that group of individuals. It could result in stereotyping which is an exaggerated form of the predicted behavior of a particular social group. Since all of humanity faces the same day-to-day problems, the behaviors or solutions to those problems among various cultures mainly depends on the different perceptions of the meaning of life. In other words, all cultures face the same obstacles but their solution varies. Therefore, to a certain extent, cultures can be blended to reunite values.

Intercultural communication is defined as interaction between people whose cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event. (Samovar, Porter, & Mcdaniel, 2009). It can also be defined as a form of communication that aims to share

Globalization is credited for reasons the world we know now is unified and having cross-cultural relations. Technology, trade, business and services require inter-cultural communication and not knowing the strategies and aspects of different cultural communications will lead to many problems. Some of which my book mentions are ethnocentrism, stereotyping and prejudice. Having these problems a society would not get along with one another and misunderstanding can devastate relationships. As I mention earlier, different approaches can be used to develop intercultural communications, these skills can help you avoid unnecessary misunderstandings and misinterpretations due to ineffective communication. We can anticipate frustration, tension and decreased productivity. Improving intercultural communication skills by learning about other peoples ' cultures, behaviors and communication styles; unlock the potential for a creative and dynamic cross-cultural environment plus for keeping the relationship undamaged. From my daily life experience, I am friends and co-worker with different people from different cultural groups. Of course I have things in common with these people, but that does not stop me from relating beyond into understanding and trying to learn about their culture. From the book and my own, I have put together some ways of improving inter-cultural communication.

is the learned values, beliefs, and rules of conduct that are shared to some extent by the members of a society that govern their behavior with one another. It is the greatest human invention, it is the ultimate definition of what, where, and how we call a place our home. In this essay I will discuss the characteristics, process, and elements within culture, as well as an in-depth look into the different categories and the topic of race within culture.