Communication Risks in Accounting Information System in the Commercial Banks of Pakistan

The chances of failures can be decreased by executing the checks on the systems. These keep an eye on the systems preventing risks from occurring, and these checks are avoided as the interior controls. The motivation behind the inner controls is to keep the organization safe from risks associated with the modernized accounting-system risks. Organizations change their manual accounting systems to computerized accounting systems for different reasons, this incorporates the points of interest, and the explanation behind utilizing electronic accounting information is instinct. The organizations embrace the policies of their

With new threats introduced in the accounting environment, modern organizations now must work hard to safeguard information that was not at such a risk prior to new technology. Outside threats are a real danger to accounting functions in modern organizations, but other dangers to success lie from within.

An effective system of internal control must be built on the basis of the analysis of enterprise-wide risks. Therefore, to create value for its customers and other stakeholders, an organization must have in place the ability to systematically assess and analyze all material risks that affect the entity’s planned objectives. (Integrated Framework, Volume II Guidance, June 2008). Internal control of the accounting process is designed to detect unintentional data errors rather than intentional errors. Garbage in, garbage out! Even good accounting systems can not catch

The internal control structure that can be installed in a new accounting system will help eliminate security risks through mechanics and procedures rather than expensive people ("Accounting - Basic Accounting Components of the Accounting System", 2003).

Another aspect relevant to the information technology is the system-generated data and reports. If auditors choose a control that uses some information generated from the company’s internal IT system, the effectiveness of the control requires obtaining audit evidence of the accuracy and completeness of the internal information. In the ZOU’s case, when testing of the controls over risk #2, auditors use reports, which are automatically generated by the Warehouse K system. Auditors decide to further test the controls over accuracy and completeness. When testing the controls over risk #3, both monthly reporting package and budget information are somewhat generated internally by ZOU’s internal system. Depending on different systems, auditors decide to further test controls for accuracy and completeness with respect to the monthly reporting package, which is generated from PeopleSoft.

All recorded data related to accounting can be managed under the accounting information system database. The confidential information in AIS must be available and protected with authorizations only each division should have access to. Each user has a personal identification and authentic password for authorization to the system and departmental data access. Some AIS also has security resets to users so their access isn’t compromised. This eliminates risk associated with internal data abuse and unauthorized department access. AIS have virus, disaster recovery and system updates. A virus will be a disaster for AIS. Whether internal or external, a threat can destroy a system data. Information security has keep accounting systems protected from

Internet banking renders location and time irrelevant, and empowers customers with greater control of their accounts. Banks achieve cost and efficiency gains in a large number of operational areas. This paper addresses the aspects of reliability and accessibility from a banking enterprise point of view and puts forth present day solutions to problems involving these issues. An Indian perspective of Internet banking is also looked at in order to gaining a better perspective regarding the situation.

Financial systems are very important in generating current financial position of the company. This is through the use accounting procedures and principles which are used in the preparation of accounting records. The current status of accounts shows changes which had been made foe every disbursement (Watson and Head, 2012). The accounting systems such as automated management system ensure that the company receives instantaneous feedback. This reduces the errors which could have been reflected in the financial statements by correcting accounts which fails to balance or in case of over distribution of resources (Jones and Atwal, 2009). The availability of financial resource management systems also is important in producing accurate financial reports which reflects true states of affairs and therefore the users of the financial statements can rely on them for decision making.

To organize reliable financial information is a necessary responsibility of the management of each public organization. The aptitude to successfully manage the organization's business requires accessibility to appropriate and accurate information. Furthermore, investors must trust company's financial reports if the company wishes to raise capital in a public security market. The management's ability to produce trustworthy, reliable, and accurate financial reports depends on the design and success of the processes and safeguards it has put into place over their financial reporting. Although sensible control systems fail for produce ultimate guarantees to assure that financial reports will be free from errors or misstatements, an effective internal

An accounting information system – its principles and components- Control principle prescribes that an accounting information system have internal controls. Internal controls are methods and procedures allowing managers to control and monitor business activites. Relevance principle prescribes that an accounting information system report useful, understandable, timely and pertinent information for effective decision making. The compatibility principle prescribes that an accounting information system conform with a company’s activities, personnel, and structure. The flexibility principle prescribes that an accounting information system be able to adapt to changes in the company, business environment, and needs of decisions makers. The cost-benefit principle prescribes that the benefits from an activity in an accounting information system outweight the costs of that activity. The five basic components of an accounting information system are source documents, input devices, information processors, information storage, and output devices.

In addition to the accounting fraud that had happened, technological innovation has decreased the face-to-face communication between accountants and their client. Thereby, creating a disadvantage for the company to build a strong trust relationship with their client. Nowadays, technology is an essential part of business operation. Many accounting firms utilize technology devices such as emails and phones to communicate with their clients. However, one of the most effective communication is face to face communication

Although formalization is one way of maintaining efficient standards, integration within the organization is also highly important. Although there are numerous departments within each bank, activities are coordinated in a way that includes every person. Similar to other corporations and not just banks, various different types of technology are implemented to maintain an efficient working environment. To begin, each bank employs a phone system that is integrated across all Ohnward systems. For example, consider an employee working at the DeWitt location. If they wish to reach an employee at another location, all they need to do is dial the extension number of the employee they wish to reach and it will transfer right to them. As a result,

To resolve this communication barrier between departments the company need to follow information systems for communications purpose. This will not only save their time but will also help in

The accountant is responsible for the machines and technology that is available to him/her in dispensing his/her duties. Therefore an accounting issue that arises in business due to technological issues can be traced back to the individual machine and technology where the holder of such technology is held responsible. Such a violation will be treated as a fracture in the accounting code of ethics associated with the use of the machines, software, or other technology’ used. The individual accountant will then be held liable. More often, accountants find themselves in tight positions while preparing financial reports. Therefore an individual’s integrity, objectivity, and professional competence are key components for an accountant, especially when they use technology (Hall, 2008).

The use, acceptance, adoption and application of internet technology to businesses to boast their performances are not something new. Saffu et al., (2008), states that there has been a significant increase in the use and application of e-commerce in businesses in the past decade. E-commerce has benefits such as reduction in costs, increased business opportunities, reduced lead time and providing more personalized service to the customers (Turban et al., 2008). Internet banking or e-banking is one of the many tools of e-commerce adopted by the banking industry. Tools of information technology such as internet banking have significantly improved the quality of services offered by the banking