Communist Party And Its Muslim Minorities

For example, in Confucianism, the government is designed around a ridged hierarchy. For a Confucian society to function properly, everyone must understand their rank and act accordingly. Citizens were required to put blind faith in and pledge unwavering loyalty to their superiors and government. In the same way, in an effort to improve the overall strength of society, the Communist Party of China (CPC) ranks their interests above the interests of their citizens. Given this superior mindset, the government feels duty bound and even righteous in their punishment of journalists whose writings may endangers the party’s continuation. Recently, French journalist, Ursula Gauthier, was forced to leave China after writing an investigative piece about a Muslim region in western China. From a western perspective, this banishment seems completely unjustified as openness to new and old knowledge is celebrated as is dissent, investigation, and inquiry. But, considering the CPC’s singular focus on their notion of societal good, this decision is understandable, if not valid. In

Jonathan D. Spence's The Gate of Heavenly Peace: The Chinese and Their Revolution is a work of narrative history first published in 1981. The date of Spence's publication is important for understanding the work: it was published only five years after the death of Mao Zedong. In a sense, then, the book intends to be a history of revolution in China through the twentieth century, culminating of course with Mao's revolution. But Spence's intention is to give the reader a more intimate feeling for this time period, by concentrating specifically on the lives and writings of various figures who may not have been central to the revolutionary movements per se, but who may be understood by the reader as being in some way representative. Spence's examinations of the lives of various Chinese writers from the turn of the twentieth century until the death of Mao Zedong gives an impression of how life was actually lived during the time period when major historical changes were taking place in China. But overall Spence also gives an accurate picture of the difficulty of uniting China during the revolutions of the twentieth century in particular, it is fascinating to see how the regional differences which have, at so many points, threatened to collapse China into separate independent provinces, or to degenerate into regional competition that destroys any concept of a united national entity, are played out within Spence's overall account.

Fear is justified to be an effective motive for obedience among citizens of Xinjiang and Gilead, eliminating possible forms of retaliation. In Xinjiang, their deplorable protest in July 2009 is a strong foundation of the holistic fear among citizens. In order to prevent another disaster and provoking the communist party and other authoritative institutions, citizens remain compliant to the rules the communist government has established. Cleverly, the government uses the society’s period of obedience to provide irresistible job opportunities to further decrease the chances of uprisings and protests. Moreover, by embedding appealing features into the enforced governmental policies, the citizens of Xinjiang have fewer reasons to retaliate against the unavoidable security force. The government proactively seeks the youth to perceive the substantial amount of security as ordinary, utilizing pathos by routinely playing their, “propaganda songs: a jolly children's song about obeying traffic laws, and a more somber acoustic tune that promotes core Communist values. The government

Foreign and domestic policies are not linear, rather the policies are connected in a circle, with each policy reinforcing the values of another. Domestic American terrorism in the prison and detention systems and governmental reforms are influenced by the mobilization and ethnocentrism abroad. The militarization internationally is justified by the domestic handling of the same cultural issues within the United State borders. The United States has strangely used a near Catch-22 to handle dilemmas. The United States has allowed perspective to become reality, whether with oneself or regarding issues abroad, specifically in the Middle East. Terrorism is the use or threat of fear for political or economical gain. An internal characteristic of terrorism is how dependent it is of perspective, one man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter. To understand “terrorism,” a focus must be applied to the history, what drove an organization to commit such acts. Respectively, the Middle East has been a hotbed for the key word “terrorism,” especially because of 9/11. Subsequently, Muslims have been stigmatized by the United States as terrorists. The consequences spawned because of 9/11 require a look to the past to understand the present.

Chiu to “admit you are guilty” (351), a fake crime, the officers wants to be correct to support their god complexity’ to demonstrate the power and control the nation has given them. In the admitting the crime Mr. Chiu would succumbed to the powers of the corrupted police and ideology. The police is trying to prove their authority by disrupting and twisting justice. The regimen that once was seen to be powerful was now just corrupt individuals and systems in the eyes of the party member; Mr. Chiu. The Tiananmen Square massacre was in essence the doubt of the people on the party and fear of corruption that lead student to protest in Beijing, China in 1989; the protest was not taken lightly by the government, who send military personnel to get rid of the protesting students (Szczepanski). This opened the eyes of the author to understand the corruption and repression that the government had, especially the military personnel’s little remorse after the killings of Protestants and common

The thesis of the editorial is chinese security agents tried to stop a 25 year old torontonian from advocating for freedom of religion and expression. Another quotation used,”Silence will not protect my father… I know he is safer in the light of international attention than in the shadows sought by the authoritarians.”

Perhaps it is in human nature to turn to violence in turbulent times. We often overlook the violence that goes hand in hand with great historical change. And, as the victors write history, often the violence that acts as the cornerstone of societies are toned down and forgotten. During the Cultural Revolution in China, violence forced its way into the everyday life of the people. Everyday people— peaceful farmers, city folk— became the vehicle for immense violence in both a severe and widespread scope. This violence, while operating within the bounds of human nature, is motivated by a social requirement to prove one’s dedication to the CCP, “soldiers” who become carried away with newfound power and government encouragement, forcing ideology by brute force, retaliation, personal pride or protection, and human instinct to resort to violence; and can occur in any society.

In recent years, China has become a worldwide superpower-seemingly out of nowhere. War-torn and sick of being trampled on by western powers, the Communist Party of China has given the almost 4,000 year old country a new lease on life. But all this newfound power and “prosperity” came at a price paid in sweat and blood. In the memoir Red Scarf Girl, Jiang Ji-Li recalls her experiences growing up during Chairman Mao’s “Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution”, during a time where hundreds of thousands were unfairly persecuted and even tortured by their brainwashed friends and family. Although it is clear that my experiences and Jiang Ji-Li’s are very different, there are also some similarities.

The most alarming similarity between Nazi Germany and Modern China is that they both featured/feature an overtly racist government policy towards its minorities, most notably Jews, in the case of Nazi Germany, and Uighurs, in the case of China. Uighurs are a non-Han (Chinese majority) indigenous population of the Xinjiang Province of China. Since coming under Communist rule in 1949, they have claimed autonomy from the Chinese government and distinction from its people. They are distantly related to the Turks and most practice Islam. In fact, Uighurs constitute half the entire Muslim population in China. They have their own Turkic based language, with the written portion based on Arabic letters. The word “Uighur” means “unity” or “alliance”

Throughout the 21st Century, the September 11 terrorist attacks have often been described as “the most devastating terrorist attacks in history”(). However, while the scale of death and destruction that resulted from these attacks was “indeed staggering”(), the millions of people killed by government acts of terror continues to go unnoticed by orthodox terrorism research(). In this case, there is a need to examine the repressive state practices that critical scholars describe as the “single greatest threat to human and societal security”(). While there has been a large number of human rights groups that have contributed to the wide body of literature on political violence(), the overall neglect on the subject is due to “politically biased research”() that rejects the concept of ‘state terrorism’. For instance,

When people have imbalanced access to work, housing, healthcare, ownership, education, et cetera, inequality is present. Inequality affects everyone in the world and comes from people’s fears of one another and other people’s opinions.

However, such rumors were not verified nor confirmed. Due to the strong authoritarian regime China centers itself upon, media outlets are potentially inaccurate sources of information. The CCP controls the outflow of information released by the media, due to such control over media outlets, China is able to manipulate any situation in order to gain support and sympathy. In reference to the Global Conflict Tracker, by China labeling the Uyghurs as a radicalized population it leads to the connotation that the Uyghurs are associated with either the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM) or the Turkestan Islamic Party (TIP)—posing a “direct terrorist risk to China” (Darker blue). By China attempting to gain international support via identifying terrorist organizations within the PRC it allows China to address that this problem is not just a problem for China but also other countries who’s enemies are terrorist organizations—example, the United States and its fight against ISIS. Although this may seem as a benefit for China and its aims to integrate Xinjiang, for the Uyghurs it labels them as a potential terrorist organization; hence, limiting their ability to tell their side of the narrative and gain international sympathy—limiting their ability to gain international support and address how the CCP is marginalizing the Uyghurs. Thus, this inability

Wahhabi in Ottoman Empire was a major Islamic movement that supports an stern lifestyle and strict loyalty to the sharia or Islamic law. The Marathas were Military Hindus who formed and waged warfare against the Mughal Empire. The Wahhabi opposed all thing that are not approved by the Quran. THese movements were meant to

In the past two years, a genocide has been going on in Myanmar that little people around the world know about. The victims that have been affected by this mass murder are the Rohingya Muslims, who originated from the subcontinent of India and are a minority group that makes up 5% of the country’s population. Today, the physical and emotional abuse endured by the Rohingya Muslims prevails a prominent issue in the Middle East. Over in Burma, many of the Muslims are murdered, beaten, or attacked by various religious groups, while government officials either stand and watch or occasionally help.

Since the concept of terrorism did not originate in China and retains much ambiguity, it is helpful to understand the local characters within a comparative framework. The fundamental question then becomes what is terrorism in the contemporary world. In the United States (“U.S.”), the Executive Order 13224 defines “terrorism” as “activity that (1) involves a violent act or an act dangerous to human life, property, or infrastructure, and (2) appears to be intended to intimidate or coerce a civilian population; to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion; or to affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, kidnapping, or hostage-taking.” Despite that existing legal scholarship has paid much attention to the wide range of definitions of terrorism, the U.S. version is sufficient for the purpose of this paper.