1) Maternal, infant and child health (MICH) combines such an issue as the health of women, who are pregnant or have already given birth, infants, children or adolescents. This conception also includes the package of the professional acts within public health that targets to promote the health status of these vulnerable groups of population and overcome future troubles which they will likely face. In fact, their well-being defines the general level of the health of the whole generation and the system of the healthcare of these social groups can help predict further complications for the families and communities.
In the twentieth century the area of MICH began to develop in the unique political and social environment of the USA, where the confidence on individualism has formed the attitude that caring for infants, children and adolescents is the parents’ responsibility. The role of government in this connection is only to interfere to help when the families are not able to overcome the problems on their own. Widespread biomedical model of that time has addressed main money flows spent on MICH to the providing of the direct clinical services. By the end of the last century public healthcare programs allowed reducing maternal mortality ratio by more than 90 percent, and infant mortality ratio by about 99 percent (Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health, 2008).
2) Child maltreatment is a violence expressed in the abuse and scorn to the children under age 18. This term includes all
Child maltreatment is physical or sexual or emotional abuse. the most common is negligence. This neglect would be in the form of a failure to provide basic needs which includes physical or emotional neglect; absence of intervention; emotional abuse; and mental mistreatment. Physical neglect is when a child doesn't receive proper food, education, clothing, food, sufficient shelter. Emotional is when a child doesn't receive attention or affection they need. Lack of intervention: lack of dental care
Child Abuse: When a parent or any caregiver causes injury, emotional harm, or death to a child.
Child abuse is an issue within society that effects the lives of not only the victims but also the lives of many people in the social order. Child abuse is any mistreatment or neglect of a child that results in non-accidental injury or harm and which cannot be logically explained. There are several forms of abuse and neglect and many state governments have developed their own legal description of what constitutes child maltreatment for the purposes of removing a child and prosecuting a criminal charge. Child abuse consists of different forms of harm including physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect.
There are many different types of child abuse. There is maltreatment and sexual abuse. Maltreatment is an area that encompasses many different things, such as physical abuse, child neglect, and emotional abuse. Physical abuse may begin with “shaken – baby syndrome” and
Child abuse is the physical, sexual, emotional mistreatment, or neglect of a child. There are four major categories: neglect, physical abuse, psychological/emotional abuse, and child sexual abuse (Levi, Lo, Selby, and Vandenburg). Neglect is a passive form of abuse in which a perpetrator is responsible to
Maltreatment/abuse- Maltreatment and abuse are an act of cruel or inhumane treatment, within the family, outside of family, in a care setting or by a stranger. It is when a person puts someone in harms way or inflicts pain on someone: physically, emotionally, intellectually or sexually.
Child abuse is when a parent or caregiver, through action or failure to act, causes injury, death, emotional harm or risk of serious harm to a child. According to The Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, as amended by the CAPTA Reauthorization Act of 2010, at a minimum, child abuse and neglect is defined as, "Any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation"; or "An act or failure to act which presents an imminent risk of serious harm (Children 's Bureau, 2010)." The law recognizes a child as being any person who is under the age of 18. The law is broken into 2 sections, and each section treats the idea of child maltreatment in different ways. Criminally, those who abuse children are able to be arrested and prosecuted in court. Civil statutes say that people who suspect a child of being abused are mandated to identify and report it.
Child maltreatment, also referred to as child maltreatment and neglect, includes all the various forms of abuse ranging from physical, emotional and sexual abuse to neglect and exploitation. This type of abuse can result in the potential or actual harm to a child's health, there development and dignity.
According to Webster 's dictionary, child abuse is the mistreatment of a child by a parent or guardian, including neglect, physical abuse and sexual molestation. The medical definition differs fro Webster 's definition only by a few words. The medical
According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), the failure to provide for a child’s basic physical, emotional, and educational needs or to protect a child (ages 0-12) from harm or potential harm is defined as maltreatment (2015). Any words or action by a caregiver or parent that causes harm, potential harm, or threatens harm whether deliberate or intentional against a child takes the definition a step further (2015).
Economic growth has much improved the infant mortality rate though better healthcare facilities and living conditions. Japan has fallen to one of the world’s lowest infant mortality levels at 3.6 per 1,000 live births in 2006 (Saigusa, 2006). Infant mortality is largely affected by the health of the mother, which makes pre-natal health imperative in keeping infant mortality rates low. Since Japan offers health care to all, access to prenatal care is easier to get therefore making mothers healthier and help in finding complications earlier in the pregnancy.
Child abuse is defined as the mistreatment of children or minors, resulting in a variety of harmful and damaging results with regard to the well being and safety of the victim. Child abuse can range in the details and circumstances in which the offence takes place; child abuse can take place in a direct physical fashion, which includes attack and physical assault
The Ottawa Charter emphasises the importance of global health promotion by identifying necessary conditions, sectors and resources involved in obtaining optimum community health. This is broken down into five strategies building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments for mother and child, strengthening community actions, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services (McMurray & Clendon, 2015). This essay will address optimum maternal health being ensured by the support of nurses and midwives to maintain healthy lives for both mother and child. Proceeding with a brief description of maternal health, followed by the role of the nurse/ midwife in response to the condition. This will be in relation to the five major
Child maltreatment: “Federal law defines child abuse and neglect as any recent act, or failure to act, on the part of a parent or caretaker that results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation, or an act or failure to act that presents an imminent risk of serious harm to a child” (“Child Abuse and Maltreatment,”
Child abuse is any form of physical, psycological, social, emotional or sexual maltreatment* of a child. It could be endangering the survival, the safety, the sefl-esteem, the growth and the development of the child. Child abuse is more than just bruises and broken bones. Not all child abuses are obvious.