Literature Review:
The notion of community journalism is hardly a new one. However, during the past decade, the concept gained much fascination and interest among industry analysts.
The literature available on the topic points out that the reason behind this strong comeback of community journalism lies in the fact that most regions where the boom is taking place are undergoing a transitional phase that paved the way for this shift. The literature, however, refers to two trends in this matter: the first is the effect of economic transition on the reemergence of community journalism in countries such as the US and the UK, the second is the effect of political transition on the emergence of community journalism in countries such as South Africa. In other words, while the former example shows a rebirth of an old notion as a result of economic decline, the latter shows an adoption of the concept in the hope of facilitating political transition.
Concerning the effect of economic transition, one theory is that the diminishing influence of larger newspapers (in the US and the UK) and the decline in number of their circulation allowed localized news outlets to flourish and become more prominent (Conhaim, 2006).
During these times of financial troubles, local publications had the power to remain profitable by focusing on small target audiences, and offer unique, concentrated, localized content as their niche product. So in addition to succeeding in gaining financial prosperity,
Clay Shirky who wrote Newspapers and Thinking the Unthinkable (1993) argues that society doesn’t need newspapers society needs journalism to save society. Shirky supports this argument by giving a historical background to the problems newspapers face and how the problems have developed over time and the solutions society has came up with. The blogger concludes that in order for journalism to go farther new models must be created in place of past molds. Shirky directs this blog toward the current and future generations in attempt to motivate new models and methods of journalism.
For decades, the Los Angeles Tribune was a driving force behind the news in Los Angeles. The emergence of the internet and of video news blogs and e-commerce have diminished the importance of printed media and greatly increased competition in the newspaper marketplace. Problems such as the rising cost of paper, and an aging customer based have affected the relevance of the Los Angeles Tribune. Also with the decreased advertising revenue, these have caused the paper to revise its goals.
In the first article called “Nonprofit news: The future of American Journalism?” is written by Michael McGrath, a Journalist and the author of 15 articles, who is also an editor of The Kilkenny Journal, the problem of the future of journalism has been discussed.
In the story The Decline of Newspapers Is Bad for the US by Laura FInley, you will learn that in the Untied States the sell of newspapers have declined tremendously over the past couple of years. Laura states that the younger generation are not reading the newspaper as much as the older generation. There are two different causes to the issue. The first being technology, and the second being age, race, gender and money. The first issue Laura states is that the internet has become a big issue to the cause of deline in newspaper sells.
The newspaper industry is undergoing a radical change in three primary areas caused by technology. First, the underlying two-sided business model is changing. With the Advent of internet, news content is easily and freely available from various sources but lacks quality journalism and credibility. Revenues from online advertising are not large enough to compensate for decline in revenues from print advertising & subscription. Newspaper industry is experiencing new realm of new content delivery and in process of understanding and establishing sustainable sources and
For decades, the Los Angeles Tribune was big deal in Los Angeles. The emergence of the internet and of video news blogs and e-commerce have lessened the importance of printed media and really increased competition in the newspaper division. Problems such as the increased cost of paper, and an older customer based have affected the importance of the Los Angeles Tribune. Also with the decreasing advertisement revenue, these have caused the paper to rethink its goals.
Now, with the advent of the internet greatly transforming the information-gathering sector, the newspaper industry is fighting a tough battle for profitability.
Journalism has a significant political impact; a story may not change the minds of all readers, but there could be a significance or a better understanding for a difference.
This research has been conducted due to the fact that some researchers have claimed that “journalism is dying” whilst others have argued that “journalism is not dying but is simply evolving” (Blatchford: 2014). This has been a much contested debate triggered by the decline of news circulation from traditional news sources i.e. newspapers, television and radio together with the technological advances of the internet and social media (Cub Reporters: 2010). This has raised many questions and firstly, this dissertation will assess whether the rise of social media has led to the decline of news circulation from traditional news sources. Secondly, this paper will look at what the advantages and disadvantages of using social media as a news distributor are for professional journalists and the general public. Lastly, this study aims to investigate
faced with challenges to turn into profitability. By late 1985, circulation surpassed 1.4 million but cost also double its original price per issue. For the first ten years, USA
The central tenet of several community media studies are journalists who are closer to their community and have a more intimate relationship with those they cover than those who work for metropolitan publications (Byerly, 1961; Kennedy, 1974; Lauterer, 2006; Reader, 2012a). Of course, not every small publication is close to its community, and this also does not mean that a reporter from a larger regional publication cannot be close to his or her community (Reader, 2012a). Additionally, it seems challenges exist for journalists in having an intimate relationship with residents in a much larger city (Reader, 2012a). In smaller communities, it is thought that close relationship comes from frequent interaction with
The belief that journalism is in decline has triggered major alarms, because society needs an informational environment that is easily available to all citizens such as newspapers. There is a large body of journalist that suggests that if television has taken over from the press as our main source of news this may limit our capacity to learn about public affairs; newspapers are believed to be far more effective than television at conveying detailed information necessary to understand complex and detailed issues. There is also widespread concern that if journalism fails as a profession it will not be able to reach large sections of the community, particularly younger or less educated readers. This may reinforce a growing gap among citizens between the information that they receive.
In this era, the popularity of citizen journalism has spread throughout all over the world. As a matter of fact, more and more people are starting to take benefit of content publishers. This can be seen in Television news, such as winter snow photos, traffic accidents or local sporting events. However, it leaves a question, what exactly is news anyway? What do you need to be a citizen journalist? What is its impact on today's fast-paced society? Basically, a lot of people think this is a great thing and it can be a good tool for promoting interaction between the media community and the community. There are pros and cons of citizen journalism, we need to face this issue critically and dialectically (Techopedia, 2017). On the one hand, citizen journalism has some benefits that professional journalism can not provide. Firstly, comparing with professional journalism, citizen journalism provides a wider range of news and fills the gaps in mainstream media. The main body of the dissemination of citizen journalism is ordinary citizens rather than professional journalists or professional media. People can through the Facebook, microblog,Twitter to publish news which happened around their life. Delicacy, beautiful scenery, sports events, entertainments, political commentary can be seen in Weibo, Twitter, Facebook and so on. Secondly, citizen journalism could stimulate the interest of audience. Most audiences enjoy reading
Newspaper Owner 1 is a “diversified media company that generates most of its revenues through newspapers sold around the country and around the world” (pg. 122). Competition for subscribers and advertising revenues
To wholly have a grasp on how this new founded approach to journalism has changed alongside technology—as well as understanding the dangers such openness brings forth—one has to understand what exactly those changes are. Primarily, those that are writing for the sake of offering information have, whether willingly or not, fed into the usage of social media as it has become a centralized method of distribution that is relatively inescapable with the current times. As such those framing the news for the masses find an authentic avenue to stay in contact via social media that has benefits ranging from, “its extraordinary newsgathering potential; its potential as a new tool to engage the audience; and as a way of distributing our news” (Eltringham, 2012), all of which are deeply different from the presentation of reporting that occurred during earlier eras. Days of strongly structured instances of journalism that could not travel with such speed have been replaced as, “social media has trashed many of the foundations on