Compare And Contrast Mcadam And Kloos

The Civil War was one of the most pivotal moments of American history. On a large scale, the Union army fought to reunite themselves with the Confederacy. On a smaller scale, at the beginning of the war, African Americans saw this as a possible way to permanently escape bondage. The abolition movement eventually pushed to the forefront of the Union agenda with the emancipation proclamation of 1863, as African Americans were at long last beginning to get their rights. One abolitionist, Alfred M. Green, called his fellow African Americans to action at the start of the war. Green persuades his fellow African Americans to join the Union forces by reflecting on how strong they are as a group, and inspiring hope.

Slavery was a complicated issue for Northern whites. As pointed out by historian Kevin M. Schultz (2011), Northerners were generally in agreement that slavery was wrong, yet they were very uneasy with the idea of creating a large, free black population in the U.S. The Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 was a step toward that idea. The Proclamation did not free all slaves, since the border states of Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland and Delaware were exempted, as were Tennessee and areas of Virginia and Louisiana already under Union occupation (Schultz, 2011, p. 265). An important provision, however, was that black Americans would now be allowed to join the military. In the two years following the Emancipation Proclamation, 180,000 black men enlisted (Schultz, p. 265). They were poorly treated but eager to fight for a cause in which they had a high stake. Their numbers and their passion for the cause made African-American soldiers a powerful asset to the Union.

African Americans took the opportunity to push for civil rights. Jim Crow laws and segregation became important reasons for African Americans to protest. They assembled in numerous cities around the country and fought for more their civil rights. Due to the need for the production of materials for World War II, FDR promised that segregation in "defense industries" would not be allowed, therefore aiding in the production of war supplies (Document C). African Americans also managed to achieve another major breakthrough in the armed forces when several African American soldiers were founded lynched. In response to this, president Harry Truman ordered that segregation be brought an end for all those serving our country as members of the armed forces (Document D). Though this didn't fully end segregation across America, it was an important milestone in the movement for civil rights. This milestone probably would not have been achieved until much later if it were not for World War II, in which many African Americans

Many critics classify the 1960’s as the decade of urban uprising and political shifts in the United States. Controversy surrounded these changes whether they were good or bad for the nation and leaving many Americans questioning the power of urban and political movements. In the excerpt “Triumph of the Left: Sixties Revolution and The Revolution in Manners” Kenneth Cmiel from the University of Iowa shows how the era of the sixties altered and affected the morals of many Americans when they encountered discrimination, hatred, and inequality. Along with that, Dan T. Carter carefully analyzes the political outcomes of the Presidential campaign of the 1960’s and it’s victory in the excerpt “Triumph of the Right: George Wallace, Richard Nixon, and the Critique of Federal Activism.” While many still argue that both of the tumultuous decade’s social movements harmed the way the United Sates functions today, it also evidently shows to be victorious due to its liberal changes that alters the ways Americans live and perform then and now. Both Cmiel and Carter support their positions with evidence that demonstrates that both urban uprising and political shifts successfully depart the nation from falling into conservative circumstances. Not only do both triumphs succeed, but they also open up doors for economic and political opportunities in the United States.

For one, African American leaders in the ‘90s to the ‘20s attempted to end the disenfranchisement of African Americans, done through poll taxes and literacy tests, by advocating their cause in the more sympathetic North. Later, in the fifties and the sixties, these same goals, enlign poll taxes and literacy tests, were once again fought for by African American leaders, through advocacy and agitation. This shows a major similarity as they wanted to achieve the same things. Furthermore, during the nineties to the twenties, leaders of African Americans sought to end segregation in the South, as caused by Plessy v. Ferguson. Similarly, African American leaders from the fifties to the sixties also fought for the end of segregation, in cases such as Brown v. Board of Education. This shows a significant similarity in that both time periods’ leaders attempted to achieve the goal of ending

Although the movie did not have any direct historical facts, it did show the reality of how Southerners viewed segregation. After the Civil War, Abraham, Lincoln, the United States 16th President, signed the Emancipation Proclamation, which declared slaves free in America. The newly freed slaves were granted the right to citizenship and the right to vote (History). In spite of the fact that former citizens, who were not enslaved, did not feel as though they were equivalent to former slaves, it led to a period known as the Racial Segregation Era. Legally, racial segregation lasted from 1870 to 1954. Racial segregation in America was a time when blacks and whites used separate amenities, facilities, and services that were equally as great as the others. Most of the time, black amenities, facilities, and services were not as bountiful as the white facilities and services. Whites acquired more privileges than blacks did. Most Southerners carried it on illegally, which sparked the Civil Rights Movement (NationalHumanitiesCenter). The Civil Rights Movement lasted from 1955 to 1965. During that time, many black activists and advocates for

After President Lincoln passed the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, circumstances for blacks only slightly got better, but the attitudes of Southern white people never changed. African American men received citizenship and the right to vote, however Jim Crow laws, a series of harsh anti-black laws. The Northern states were not as cruel to black people as the Southern states. The Southern States were completely segregated, from the schools, offices, and churches, to the water fountains. However, many leaders changed the rights of the black community like Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X. Their viewpoints on non violence as opposed to self-defense is an age-old argument that carried them both to their graves and still exists decades after the ending of the civil rights movement. Although both of these leaders had different viewpoints on how to achieve it, they both ultimately had the same goal: to bring equality to all races and desegregate the United

After the American Civil War and President Abraham Lincoln’s assassination, Americans entered a new period of Radical Reconstruction under the faulty presidency of his successor, Andrew Johnson. With the Emancipation Proclamation being put to use, America went through an abrupt and rigid shift from a slave heavy society to one now being forced to adopt new ideologies which centered around racial equality and acceptance. However, as with all new ideologies, an opposition also emerged. Due to Johnson’s incredible leniency and failure to monitor the southern colonies, anti-black efforts continued to grow rampant through state government actions to keep African Americans out of the political and social sphere. In this case, it was the

Once the Civil Rights Act of 1964 passes, it is no longer legal to discriminate based on race in public accommodations, employment, education, and federally financed activities (Alexander, 2012). This law creates fear and uncertainty in working-class white communities since they live near black communities. Now blacks will be competing with working-class whites for jobs and included in their children’s schools. In the 1960s working-class whites are historically aligned with the Democratic Party, but the Republicans see an opening to win their votes after the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Republicans exploit working-class white’s fears of blacks and discuss the need to restore “law and order” (Alexander, 2012, p.46). Once working-class white

John F. Kennedy, like many presidents, made empty promises and attempted to heal open wounds by easing the pain temporarily. Kennedy tried appeasing to African Americans by speaking out about how immoral racism in America was and by arranging Martin Luther King Jr.’s release. According to “History Alive!”, this “helped Kennedy win the African American vote.” (p.628) Apart from this, Kennedy failed to “propose new laws” within his two years of being in office that could improve the poor conditions in which Africans Americans suffered from. (p.628) John F. Kennedy gave false hope to

To begin with during World War I Harry S. Truman orders desegregation of the armed forces and he also supported civil right movements. When the Labor Union leader and the Civil Rights activists threatens a boycott of segregation of troops Harry Truman then issued an executive order to end segregation in the armed forces in July 26, 1948. By doing that it showed that he cared about what the Labor Union and Civil Rights activists had to say and he agreed with them by giving the executive order he also once said “The majority of our Negro people find but cold comfort in our shanties and tenements. Surely, as free men, they are entitled to something better than this”( Trueman). Truman did not believe in racism he saw everyone as equals as he supported

While the emancipation proclamation was created to mainly announce the solidarity of the Union against slavery, it also became a symbol of hope for black people, who for many years were subjected to the maltreatment and prejudices by their fellow man. This was evident in the inequalities of black soldiers within the Union army, in which it was still commonly complacent during the Civil War. The Union’s practices of denying black soldiers the opportunity of a commission as an officer, paying them less than their fellow white counterparts, allowing them to face harsher treatment as prisoners of war and most profoundly was the segregation of black soldiers from the rest of the Army; were just a few incidents that gave proof that African Americans were still not considered an equal.

“Black New Deal administrator, housing expert, and economist Robert C. Weaver was placed in charge of Negro employment and training in the Office of Production Management (OPM) and on June 12 the president made a public memorandum sent by William Knudsen and Sidney Hillman, the heads of OPM, to defense contractors requiring to use black workers fully.” In the civil rights movement this was a huge step for African Americans. They were slowly beginning to be treated as equals. After a threat of one hundred thousand African Americans marching on the capital protesting full involvement in the military and defensive industries without discrimination the president had basically no choice but to pass Executive Order 8802. “The executive order declared that U.S. government policy mandated full participation in the defensive industries without discrimination on grounds of ‘race, creed, color, or national origin.’ It also prohibited discrimination in employment in the federal government and defense industires and established a Fair Employment Practices Committee (FEPC) to receive and investigate complaints and redress grievances.” The issue of full involvement in the military as equals

Commencing in the late 19th century, state level governments approved segregation acts, identified as the Jim Crow laws, and assigned limitations on voting requirements that caused the African American population economically and diplomatically helpless (Davis, n.d.). The civil rights movement commenced, intensely and assertively, in the early 1940s when the societal composition of black America took an increasingly urban, popular appeal (Korstad & Lichtenstein, 1988). The 1950s and 1960s was well known for racial conflicts and civil rights protests. The civil rights movement in the United States during the late 1950s and 1960s was based on political and social strives to achieve

Throughout the course of American’s history people of colored skin have been infinitely and continuously oppressed and suppressed for decades. For numerous years people of color had to endure horrific attacks of inferiority and hatred. From being sold as property to being psychically, emotionally, and verbally beaten to ones defeat. The fight for equality between all races has been long fought especially for people of African descent. The need for change was in dire need and no more could the people stand it. During the 1900s it became lucid what needed to be done and without any warning the African-American Civil Rights Moment would begin. Initially around the 1930s spanning all the way to the late 1960s, those it is said to be the time of civil change. Of all the decades that fell into the duration of the African-American Civil Rights Moment many would say that the 1950s was the catalyst for the major change that was brought upon many Americans during the African-American Civil Rights Moment. Many key events happened during the 1950s and if they creased to happen then it would be a great lose and an immense setback. Though key events did occur before the 1950s the majority were placed in the 1950s. The 1950s was a time of great importance for civil rights and essentially the spark in which great change overcame the people of the United States of America.