Absolute Rulers: Montezuma vs. Peter the Great Montezuma and Peter the Great are two starkly contrasting rulers. One ruled in the Aztec empire from 1502-1520 in warm tropics and the other all the way across the globe in Russia from 1682-1725 amidst freezing cold winters. Despite the huge difference in location and time period these two rulers were both absolute in their ruling. Three of the most important qualities of an absolute ruler are to be a religious leader, their ability to make long lasting social effects on their people, and their ability to control all the power by themselves. Through the lens of controlling their land completely Montezuma made larger change. Whereas Peter the Great made more change in the religious affairs of …show more content…
Montezuma was more focused on consolidating his power and giving himself complete control over his people than Peter the Great. One of Montezuma’s biggest changes in this area was to get rid of all the advisors appointed by his uncle and to replace them with the children of nobles still in power. This served several purposes. Firstly Montezuma was able to shape the young adults in charge and get them to follow his views. More importantly, to a certain extent they acted as hostages. Because Montezuma had these people in his court he could get the other nobles to do what he wanted them to do for fear of their family members. They couldn’t refuse this offer due to Montezuma’s position as emperor. Thus, Montezuma seriously tightened his grip on the lands he ruled. Montezuma was also in control of his power by being the religious leader and the military, however this was not something he changed but something emperors before him had also benefited from. Peter the Great also benefited from following his predecessors as a military leader. He put himself in a position of religious power but appointed someone under himself to lead that aspect of his government, decreasing his hold of power. One …show more content…
Montezuma was undoubtedly a religious leader, but he kept the traditions and practices exactly the same. Amongst Montezuma’s people he was thought to have a stronger connection with the gods than anyone else on Earth. The main Aztec religious ceremonies that were held often involved human sacrifice which often led to unrest amongst Montezuma’s people. Peter the Great was also a religious leader but changed the church of his people in ways Montezuma did not. He got rid of what was previously known as the Patriarchate and replaced it with his own church, the Holy Synod. These were both systems that acted as the Russian Orthodox Church’s governing body. With the Holy Synod Peter the Great had more control. He got rid of many of the former church officials and had them work government jobs instead. This benefited Peter the Great because it better served his reign. It kept him in power and his government running smoothly. With these changes his goal was for religion to still play a part in his people’s lives, but he did not want it to have the same importance it was given prior to his ruling. With these adjustments to the church Peter the Great clearly religiously changed his country more than Montezuma
Montezuma II: was the Emperor of the Aztec Empire when it started to falter, as the Aztecs kept demanding more, and more tribute from the provinces because of the increasing population which led to the other provinces hating Montezuma II. The Aztecs did lessen the amount of tribute, but it was too late for them anyways as the Spanish had arrived in Mexico.
Prior to Peter taking reign, the Russian society was in a rough condition. The economy was failing and the country's standing army was extremely weak. Russia was also in the midst of a war against the Ottoman Turkish Empire, with a goal to secure a Russian port on the northern coast of the Black Sea. Peter the Great ruled over Russia from 1682-1752.He tried to form warm water ports so they had the ability to trade in the in the winter. He also tried to improve Russia and modernize the culture. As an effect of these things, Peter the Great had an overall positive impact on Russia during his rule.
The Aztec people felt very strong about their beliefs in gods and superstitions. Montecuhzoma the independent ruler of the Aztec empire swayed his people to believe in the power of gods and idols and live a spiritual life. This ultimately was a turning point for the Aztecs and is where the Spanish once again gained advantage over the Aztecs. While the Aztecs were faithful to their beliefs it made them powerless an easy take down. Superstitions played a huge factor in the Aztecs first encounter with the Spanish people. In 1519 when the Aztec people saw sight of something coming from a distance in the water, they believed it was Quetzalcoatl (Leon-Portilla, 18). Quetzalcoatl was a legend to them that promised to come back. Montecuhzoma misread the situation and sent messages and gifts in hopes that it sent a gesture to welcome the gods onto their land. This was a big mistake that Motecuhzoma made by opening his arms to the Spanish people upon their first encounter together (Leon-Portilla, 63). This is just one case where the Aztec people poorly used their judgement. However, Motecuhzoma did come to realize the behavior of the Spaniards or “Gods”. When the Spaniards held the gold given by the Aztecs their greed became noticed in the eyes of the Aztecs. The Natives described them as monkeys. They soon caught on that the Spaniards were not gods and heroes and more so barbarians
Motecuhzoma first believed the Spanish were gods, he worshiped them. He did everything to please the Spaniards, out out his own internal fear. “Motecuhzoma was distraught and bewildered; he was filled with terror, not knowing what would happen to the city. The people were also terrified”. This foreshadows that the society will become overwhelmed, like their ruler.
He spent much of his childhood in the German district of the capital. There he became fascinated with the west. As an adult he toured Western Europe in an attempt to learn the latest advances in ship building as well as to campaign for a crusade against the Ottoman Empire. When he returned he continued to Westernize Russia . Some of his reforms are looked on by contemporary’s as overly fanatical for example he implemented a beard tax and forced social events to be mixed genders. ! He was the Master of bureaucracy. Peter I completely restructured the government on western models. He established a Privy Council staffed with his closest friends as well as organizing the senate in to different colleges. He secularized the government thus taking power away from the Russian Orthodox church. Peter also reorganized the army and defeated the Swedish empire in The Great Northern War. He then erected a new capital in the lands he gained and named it for his likeness Saint Petersburg. This city became an important trading hub because it had a warm water port and Russia could now trade overseas with the rest of Europe all year round. His wife Catherine succeeded him on his death in
Both Peter the Great and Catherine the Great were the former Emperors of Russia. They were the Russians ruler before the 17th century and also they were followers of Ivan IV. They used mysteries, dishonesty, etc for the foundation of their time, and they never thought that the Russia will have modernization. Mostly, the change came when Peter the Great and Catherine the Great came to power. Also, She expanded the territory of the Russian Empire and had improved as time pass by, and policy was following from the Westernization.
Louis XIV, Peter the Great, and Tokugawa Ieyasu all considered their own power and strengthened their states in many different ways but their actions were all similar. They united their states, introduced reforms and assessed their power and the effect that they could have on others. Although their techniques were different, the ways these monarchs ruled their states show great similarities.
A big weakness for Peter the Great was he ignored and abused the people of his country. Many of the changes were for the sake of increasing his own power. He ordered many
Cortez temporarily left the city leaving Pedro De Alvarado in charge. Pedro ended up murdering several priests and religious leaders which caused the Aztecs to revolt. Cortez then arrived back in the middle of the revolt. He had Montezuma talk to them and made them calm down, but the Aztecs still considered him a traitor. Montezuma was killed by the protesters throwing stones.
The stories of Jesus’ crucifixion and resurrection in the gospels Mark and Peter differ greatly. Each author has his own plot, descriptive language, audience and characterization of Jesus. What we know about Jesus and how he is portrayed changes between the gospels. For example, the Gospel of Mark uses many Jewish references and makes parallels to the Old Testament which was most likely for the benefit of a Jewish audience. Also, the Jesus in Mark’s gospel is characterized to be more divine, befitting the expectations of the Jewish community. However, The Gospel of Peter seems to entertain both a pagan and Jewish audience, using language that either group could relate to. The Jesus of Peter is oddly portrayed and is more akin to what we
As a conclusion Peter the Great of Russia should receive the title of “Most Absolute Monarch” because he was wise, yet cruel. He created Russia's navy, but required an education before the men could join. He was fond of physical labor and didn't mind putting his men through it. Peter also westernized the entire country of Russia. Since beards were not a fashion in westernization, Peter made it mandatory for all of his nobleman to shave their beards off. He wanted Russia to be westernized completely. Peter was very strong and was not afraid of anyone's criticism. When his people tried to overthrow him (which was multiple times), it usually ended with mass executions. Peter had to let everyone know who was boss. He even interrogated his own son because of faulty reasoning. He also was a very strong Protestant Christian and made everyone follow him as a Christian. To get down to it, if things didn't go Peter's way, it all ended
In order to gain control of the whole of New Spain, Cortés must manipulate the hierarchal traditions of the Aztec people as well. As in wealth, Castillo makes no lapse of detail here as well. He documents the way Montezuma his treated and revered by those who are under him. "Not one of these chieftains dared even to think of looking him in the face, but kept their eyes lowered with great reverence…" (World History: Castillo, 247). Montezuma
Pre-Columbian Aztec Tribe was a very complex and hierarchical society that settled among the Aztecs of central Mexico in the times prior to the Spanish seize of Mexico. It was erected on the cultural bases of the bigger area of Mesoamerica. The culture was structured into self-governing city-states, called altepetls, which had smaller divisions. These city-states were further composed of one or more large kinship cluster (History.com). Nobles and commoners were the most fundamental social division in the Aztec empire. Noblemen were given more privileges that were not shared by the commoners most significantly the right to get protection from commoners on their land. The common individuals were exempted to own and cultivate land and to handle their possessions, while yet accomplishing the requirements of the lords and their calpulli, such as protection payment and military help. Nevertheless, at the same time were given some privileges equal to those of the lesser nobleness. During the rise of an Aztec empire, there were so many problems that the community experienced to conquer other lands and survive. This article illustrates some of the main problems that the Aztec tribe experienced. Among them are diseases, feeding a large population, ritual sacrifices, political problems through rivalry and prejudice and technological problems.
Chapter three in the book From Indians To Chicano by James Diego Vigil focuses on explaining the breakup and the transformation that occur with the social order. This chapter talks about who were the conquerors, how the destruction of Tenochtitlan occurred and how the colonial practices began after that. These three subtopics are important because it is what made Mexico. The first subtopic the book talks about is the conquerors.
If religion was a guiding principle in the lives of the conquerors, as Todorov points out, so too was it for the conquered, especially in the case of the Aztecs. Baffled by the paradox of the famous story concerning Cortes and his several hundred Conquistador's ability to defeat the entire Aztec empire, which numbered at least several million, Todorov reveals that it was primarily due to Montezuma's belief that Cortes and his party were Gods, which led to his reluctance to raise an army in opposition.