Compare and Contrast Alderfer's Erg Theory and Maslow's Hierarchy Needs Theory

The hotel industry is a labor-intensive service industry dependent on the availability of high-quality employees to deliver, operate and manage tourism for its survival and competitive advantage (Amoah & Baum, 1997). The tourism industry is one of the most essential area in coming years. It has the opportunity for a rapid growth. The needs of the hotels are also increasing and it has the potential to provide employment to many people around the world. It is also observed and researched the there is a need of qualified and educated staff. They should be more skill full and aware of new trends and demands of the industry. They should have sufficient knowledge to satisfy the needs of

This sector works closely next to some other sectors within the hospitality industry. People frequently enter this moving sector from the fast food (quick service) outlets, restaurants, bars, cafes, pubs, catering or food services. Hotels were always major providers of food services, entertainment (business and conference services), leisure and sporting. (Cooper and Shepherd, 1998)

Before we discuss about the effects brought by globalization, we should first understand its meaning. Globalization refers to the worldwide movement of capital, goods and services, people, values or ideas across national borders in the form of trade, economic, financial and communications integration. It has brought plenty of far-reaching impacts to different aspects of people’s life in the modern world. As an emerging industry with a high level of fluidity, what impacts the hotel industry has come over so far? In this essay I will discuss about both the positive and negative effects brought by globalization to the hotel industry.

1. One reason for the high turnover rate of hospitality staff is the fact that many hospitality jobs do not pay well. Personnel usually begin at a lowest wage rate or below which does not fascinate top eminence long-term employees because these employees are always looking for a better paying position. Situations that pay below tiniest net depend entirely on customer satisfaction and liberality. “Tips”. Around the world, the average beginning wait staff personnel is paid $2.15 per hour by their employer. The rest of their revenue is based pay on the urge of their customers. Monetary turn-downs mean fewer consumers, which in turn shrinkage is wage potential. Add this to the fact that many hospitality positions are seasonal and it is not hard to see why hospitality staff turnover can reach high rates quickly.

Today 's fast-paced, competitive business environment has resulted in "rediscovery" of the human resource management function as a group that may be able to enhance firm competitiveness and performance by being "strategic" (Dyer & Kochan, 1995; Ulrich, 1997). Strategic Human Resource Management is a term describing an integrated approach to the development of Human Resource Strategy that will enable the organization to achieve its goals (Armstrong, 2005). Whiles strategy is an action that managers take to attain one or more of the organization’s goals. Strategy presents a general direction set for the company and its various components to achieve a desired state in the future. This results from the detailed

Labor diversity is one of the most effective advantages that hotels could take good use of. For instance, the labor in China is rich but costs much lower than many developed countries. So hotel firms could be more active and creative by contributions of Chinese employees, furthermore, they could reduce labor cost. Galicic & Ivanovic (2007) say that hotel industry is exposed to great changes in business environment, but globalization can help hotels react much quickly to march changing market and meet guests’ needs. Although hotel companies have to take budget into prior consideration when implement global strategy, the global development costs are much lower as companies provide similar hotel name, style and size.

As we discussed in class, every business is faced with these issues and they are important to managers making strategic decisions. One of the first things learned about business is that if there is no demand for a good or service, the firm that provides it will not continue to exist. Over time the hotel industry has continued to change with market conditions and make itself attractive to business

Human Resources often begins as very tactical policies, records, compliance, discipline, compensation, benefits, job descriptions, hiring, performance management (). Taken to the next level, HR becomes strategic, connecting employees to the business mission, values, and vision, in order to drive business results (). Employee goals and metrics align to the business strategy and rewards tie into results. Additionally, careful consideration is given to developing talent pipelines, employee succession plans, and career planning in order to respond flexibly to the inevitable work flow and staffing changes that all businesses experience ().

Human Resource Management (HRM) are activities managers perform to plan for attracting, develop, and retain a productive workforce (Kinicki & Williams, 2016). The role of human resource management is to prepare, develop, and administer policies and program designed to make expeditious use of an organization human resources. Part of control which is concerned with the people at work and with their relationship within an enterprise. HRM have their hands full; they have to face employees daily with a complaint, write-ups and sadly terminating of the worker. All areas of HRM such as, staffing, orientation, training, development, pay wages benefits are all significant parts that are dealt with daily. Human resource management presents itself as

In my role as HR, I need to be prepared for the rapid changes in the business environment; organizations are increasingly looking at human resource as a unique asset that can help provide a sustained competitive advantage., I will ensure the HR strategy is in alignment with the business strategy of the company I am responsible for. Obviously, my ultimate goal is to provide a full-fledged effort to ensure the productive and fruitful integration between HR strategy and Business strategy.

Wright and McMahan (1994) define strategic HRM as “the pattern of planned Human Resource deployments and activities intended to enable the organisation to achieve its goals.” A HR function should impact the success of an organisation; a policy must remain current and suitable to both the internal and external environment. Ulrich and Lake (1990) affirm, ‘HRM systems can be the source of organisational capabilities that allow organisations to learn and capitalise on new opportunities.’

One of the current trends in strategic human resources management (strategic HRM), is research regarding whether a company’s human resources department should put more effort in the strategic or organizational aspect of the company. Should a company focus more towards one aspect than on the other? In order to find answers to this question, researchers are using different theories, methodologies, evidences, gabs in research, and conclusions. The purpose of this literature review is to collect knowledge about the current thinking and research of the function of strategic HRM to improve the overall performance of a company.

Schuler and Jackson (1987) propose the model of Human Resource Management as the business strategic policies and practices of the organization. This framework is to achieving competitive advantage in different industry condition. They argue for fit in different industry condition and business strategic. It includes innovation, quality enhancement and cost reduction. This business strategic associated with particular employee role behaviors and HRM policies and practices.

In Zimbabwe, Harare is an unbeatable destination for hospitality services of all sorts. Hospitality is the harmonious mixture of shelter, food and beverage, the physical environment, the behavior and attitude of people, Pizer (2011). The hospitality services are mostly found in hotels and a hotel is ............. The researcher wants to find out what are the challenges that are faced by the hotels in Harare. The researcher embarks on this study to gain a deeper understanding of the research problem and to hone the research problem solving skills in the area understudy. The researcher carries out this research by desire to understand the challenges that are faced by hotels, and also to determine whether the findings will have the significance in addressing the research problem. Hotels are part of the greatest contributors that contribute towards the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Zimbabwe, Deswell (2007). The hotels are responsible for being hospitable because hospitality is essential in attracting visitors to the establishment such as the star rated hotels. The research is worth doing because it provides a fresh insight about what solutions to implement so as to avoid future operational challenges that will continue to affect the operations of hotels in Harare. The study also sought to identify the challenges that affect the hotel operations in Harare with a view to recommend measures that can

The "best-fit" approach questions the universality assumption of the best-practice perspective. It emphasizes contingency fit between HR activities and the organization's stage of development, an organization's internal structures and its external environment like clients, suppliers, competition and labour markets (Redman and Wilkinson 2009). HR policy should be minted by the appropriate context of individual employees and therefore support the overall competitive strategy. Aligning HRM practices to strategies can enable companies to create potential competitive advantages (Schuler and Jackson 1987 in Redman and Wilkinson 2009).