Comparing Darwin's Theory Of Sexual Selection And Natural Selection

In the first chapter, Coyne discusses the basic concept outline of evolution, and brings clarity to the common misconceptions thought and said about how the science works, and the large misuse of the word theory. The first chapter of this book also defines very carefully each of the main hypothesis of evolutionary theory. Which stands in dissimilarity to many other treatments of evolution, which all have a propensity to confuse some readers by integrating different meanings of the word. Coyne also divides Darwinism into six components. They are: evolution which means change over time, gradualism which is a policy of slower change rather than sudden change or a revolution, speciation which is the evolutionary process where a new biological species

Natural selection is the process in which heritable traits that make it more likely for organisms to survive and successfully reproduce become more common in a population over successive generations. Each of us individuals is specifically shaped and formed by our own genetic pattern. We inherit this pattern half from are mother and half from are father. The cause of this is the proximate cause that led it’s phenotype to ultimate causes. Much of we know today about evolution derives from the late great pioneer, Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin was an english naturalist that even from an early age was very interested in outdoor pursuits. Early in his prep career his father tried sending him to the University of Edinburg to pursue his medical

Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection, a scientific theory that supported the belief of evolution, was manipulated and applied to different areas of life, and thus it became the shaping force in European thought in the last half of the nineteenth century. Darwin, through observation of organisms, determined that a system of natural selection controlled the evolution of species. He found that the organisms that were most fit and assimilated to the environment would survive. They would also reproduce so that over time they would eventually dominate in numbers over the organisms with weaker characteristics. This new theory was radical and interesting to the scientific world but its effects reach far beyond this small institution of

Predatory selection demonstrated heavily on how the predators prefered brighter males and how females then resorted to whatever was left. From my data of mostly drab and mostly bright guppies with the simulation having 30 rivulus, 30 acara, and 30 cichlids, I could see a clear trend. For the mostly drab guppies, in a mere 7 generations or 141 weeks, showed that the predators had wiped out the brighter guppies having a split demographic of 0% of the brightest and bright guppies, 30% for drab guppies and 70% for the drabbest of guppies. In the mostly bright guppy test, it was more even but showed an obvious lean towards the drabber guppies having 20% and 17% for brightest and bright guppies, and 17% and 46% for the drab and drabbest guppies respectively. With all this data, the trend leaned towards having the bright guppies

For natural selection to process it has to occur with along other bunch of things. Historians and biologists who interrupt Charles Darwin’s work identify five theories which he stated in his book ‘Origins of Species’ and work together to bring about the theory of evolution. The five theories was:

Albeit, the sexual selection theory is presumed force of natural selection causing individuals to develop reproductive strategies which maximize the like hood of their producing the fittest possible offspring. Otherwise, suggested a competition between males and competition for females as the two most likely mechanism of sexual selection theory.

Using the computer simulation program Evobeaker, we were able to run simulations on populations of guppies that inhibited different regions with different selection pressures to test what affected the spot brightness of male

The males then with orange spots were selected by females, survived, and were able to produce more orange colored offspring in the process of natural selection. Furthermore, when tested in tea-stained water, guppies pecked at red the most, but while in clear water, the fish pecked more at green and yellow. Scientists also notices that green algae (a food source for guppies) only grows in clear water, therefore it is concluded that guppies pecked at the green because it was the color of their food. From all of this data, scientists are able to infer that guppies have a preference for colors that are the same color as their food source. In contrast, not all male guppies have large orange spots due to predator attraction in their environments.

When Darwin coined the term “natural selection” he described another subset of it referred to as “Sexual selection”. Sexual selection can be defined as a special case of natural selection where rather than focusing on traits that serve to aid survival, organisms develop traits and behaviors in efforts to increase mating. Many times, these two efforts come in conflict with each other and tradeoffs arise. A male can be outcompeting another male through overall health and fitness, but be losing when it comes to gaining the females attention. Common examples of this tradeoff include peacocks maintaining elaborate tails but at the same time, making themselves more visible to predators, or fruit flies competing through dances to win the attention

Darwin's proposal on sexual selection seemed to have sat well with Darwin's Victorian peers because it fitted with contemporary ideas about male dominance. Whether due to the resistance to the idea of female choice or for other reason, sexual selection theory lay virtually dormant through much of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. While new discoveries about genetics were being incorporated into Darwin's ideas of how evolution happens, almost all of the attention was devoted to natural selection and how species are formed and diversify. Many scholars and scientists had written about the role of beauty in human and animal life, which apparently made Darwin think about how much apparently frivolous attributes as the peacock's tail could

Even when starting with the same initial guppy color (even mix), and having the same amount of generations (10), the color percentages seem to be impacted greatly by the predators present in the habitat. When only 30 rivulus are in the habitat, sexual selection is more prominent and predators have less of an impact on the guppy’s coloration, resulting in 70% of the guppies having the brightest color, 16% of bright, 3% drab, and 5% drabbest. There is a noticeable gap in the number of bright and drab shades, with the brightest being the most plentiful thanks to sexual selection and lack of threat from predators.

The matter of Natural Selection was brought forth by Charles Darwin and with that evolved the concept of Sexual Selection. The first thing that may come to mind is male preference in females for reproductive purposes. It is quite common when thinking about the process of Natural Selection. We don’t typically take notice of Darwin’s recognition or acceptance for “female choice” upon mate selection and the role it plays in our evolution. Both males and females differentiate when it comes to parental investment. Therefore selection of the opposite sex in order to benefit their kin is a valuable choice. We know that amongst men typically their preferences are based on physical attractiveness; so then what drives females. In attempts to better understand what and how females make their decisions in benefit for themselves and their offspring and how they have possibly evolved. We will look at a variety of ideas that have been formed in the research attempted to get a better understanding of this topic.

Charles Darwin broached the theory of natural selection in his book the Origin of Species, which has been considered the basis of evolutionary biology to this day. Natural selection is when populations of a species evolve over the course of many generations. Darwin believed that species were not created separately, but instead, species were derived from one another. In other words, the evolution of species creates many variations among creatures, and this is because all of those species came from a common ancestor, and characteristics changed to increase the species chance of survival.

Charles Darwin was a man who shaped the way in which we think about evolution in modern times. He brought forth and described the theory of natural selection and survival of the fittest. To fully understand modern evolutionary thoughts it is necessary for one to completely understand the early theories of Charles Darwin. In this paper I will provide the reader with a complete background on Charles Darwin, describe his voyage on the HMS Beagle, and discuss his theory of natural selection.

The theory of evolution by natural selection, first formulated in Darwin, is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioral characters. Changes that allow an organism to better adapt to its environment will help it survive and have more offspring. Evolution by natural selection is one of the best substantiated theories in the history of science, supported by evidence from a