TASK 1 – Comparison of different data models and schemas a) Critically compare the following database types (schemas): • Hierarchical • Network • Relational Hierarchical Database Kind of database model which is designed in a hierarchy completely access to data beginning at the highest of hierarchical then changes to down such as customer to order. Also this system relation records together same a family tree that each record has just one owner. The hierarchical typical structure has levels which shows one –to – many also relationship between a parent and children divisions. The main key this models which following by each parent can have many children as well each child has simply one parent. This models most common if you compared with network and relational database because can be manage by huge amounts of data for difficult projects. Advantages • Speed very efficiency • Data independence • Database integrity which link between child and parent • Data is simplicity • Very easy to add and delete record • Database pretend a different form environment • Easy to create a large installed Disadvantages • Implement very complex • Implementation limitations • Lack of standards • Program design complexity • Difficult to manage insert, delete and update • Practical access language • Create record must user start at the root • Data redundancy • Create database before the programs must be define Network Database A kind of database organisation system that
Data objects can model relational data or advanced data types such as graphics, movies, and audio. Smalltalk, C++, Java, and others are objects used in object-oriented data. The object-relational is a combination of relational and object-oriented databases. Traditional and advanced data types can be used to construct database management systems. These systems can connect to a company’s website and update records as needed. Database Approach The main purpose of a database is data storage that can be stored and retrieved when needed. A popular common language called structured query language (SQL) is used to store and retrieve data in relational database. This language enables the systems to run a report or modify data or remove the data from the database. A database management system (DBMS) controls all aspects of a database, this is not limited to the creation, maintenance, and use of database. The DBMS ensures proper applications are able to access the database. An important purpose of a DBMS is to maintain the data definitions (data dictionary) for all the data elements in the database. It also enforces data integrity and security measures. Data Models Data models provide a contextual framework and graphical representation that aid in the definition of data elements. In a relational database, the data model lays the foundation for the database and identifies important entities,
The hierarchical organization structure is pyramid-shaped. At the top of the structure is a single person, who has a small number of people reporting directly to them. Each of these people has several people reporting into them and the number of people at each level increases as you move down the structure.
A Hierarchical structure is a term used to organise a business into different categories of employees that contain multiple types of groups, which would be typically in a chain of commands that is usually in a pyramid that contains a large number of employees, so the lower part of the pyramid having the responsibility of a small role, meanwhile the upper part of the pyramid consists of roles that carry a big responsibility. However, there is one rank that is one
The store I will be focusing on is the Cannock Superstore to explain the hierarchical structure. This is a diagram of the hierarchy structure is below:
All the relationships are in the same level of hierarchy given that they are all (or will be) business partners.
Relational Database Management Systems are probably the ones that we are most familiar with in 21st century computer science. Relational databases store
Hierarchical database have data in a tree like structure with a parent to child relationship (one-to-many). The parent could have many children but the children have only one parent. All the attributes of the data is in a list under one entity type.
Database model defines the logical structure of the database by determining manner in which the data will be stored. Relational model is one of the most popular database models, which defines tables and relationships between the tables.
These models are used to design the internal schema of a database, represent the data tables, the data columns of those tables, and the relationships between the tables. The physical data model shows the technical details for implementation as a database or data structure. This model also represents a way in which data is physically stored.
The hierarchy. Putting in order a list of things. An example in a letter would be " We have three floors and a Three Tiered System. The Top floor is for Higher management.
Following this procedure through we can arrive at a list which shows a detailed breakdown of the relationships, and as we have 6 entities there should be a total of 30 relationships as each entity will have a relationship with every other entity (5 each).
One advantage to using relational databases include ease of use due to query languages, and the ease of altering the structure due to data independence. In addition, there are no predefined set of relationships between data records in the relational
A quality database design makes the flow of data seamless. The database schema is the foundation of the relational database. The schema defines the tables, fields, relationships, views, indexes, and other elements. Envisioning the primary business function should facilitate creating the schema and how that information should flow throughout all areas of the firm. ("Strayer, iCampus," n.d., p. 1).
The database used should be open and industry standard to allow easy integration with other applications and easy movement of data in the future. The database
As seen in the figure, functional structure comprising top level management is embedded in levels 1-3. The geographical divisions are embedded in level 4. Product divisions are embedded in levels 5-7 and the frontline teams, the teams at level 8.