Comparing Enthroned Jina And Seated Shakyamuni

To explain how Gandhi applied the idea of ahimsa to modern times, I will first define ahimsa and then explore ahimsa in the Jain religion more extensively. I will then discuss how Gandhi practiced this concept in life. Ahimsa is a Sanskrit term equivalent to a- not or without hiṁsā- injury, which when translated means “the principle of non-injury to living beings”. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Ahimsa. The supreme principle in Jainism is non violence (ahimsa). It also plays an important role in Buddhism, Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, and other religions, but Jainism is unique in this principle because it demonstrates it to all living beings. Jains believe that everything has the ability to suffer, even non-living things such as rocks, fire, and oil. Therefore ahimsa must include everything on earth. “This view of reality, called hylozoism (Greek: “matter-alive”) may be quite ancient” (Malloy 186). Karma is also an important concept in Jainism being closely connected to reincarnation, liberation (moksha), and ahimsa. “Reincarnation is sometimes called transmigration of the soul, believing that the soul experiences rebirths of different kinds of lives - human, animal or even supernatural - until it reaches its final destination.” http://www.world-religions-professor.com/reincarnation-karma.html. Karma is what determines the course of reincarnation. “The level of rebirth is determined automatically according to one’s state of karma at the time of death of the current

Jainism treats the issue of life and death in a very similar way. Followers believe that living a non-violent life and respecting the sacred life existing around people (according to the Jains, everything in the world, including the inanimate, has a soul) may release the human being from the vicious circle of re-incarnation. Jains also recognize the eternal nature of the human soul and believe it exists as enmeshed in the human’s or object’s body during a whole life. However, Jainism assumes that the soul parts from the body when it does to be re-incarnated into something (or somebody) else, which means Jains do not recognize the unity of soul and body. This is actually the principle of all three religions—they pose little value to the human life because all followers believe that the soul will still remain in the human world, but will only change its appearance once re-incarnated into some other being or object. (McKay et al., 2008)

From my observation at the Met, this sculpture is inside a medium glass and space. Also, it is by itself in the glass. It is a three-dimensional sculpture created by modeling and merging hard materials. Next to it there are other deities (Vishnu, Parvati, Ganesh etc.) and sculptors from the Chola Dynasty. The other works near it complements the sculpture as I have stated above they are from the same time period so, they are related to each other some way and

Jainism is another religion of India, it has very close relations with other main religions of India like Hinduism and Buddhism. It

“Jainism, Brahmins, and Hinduism”

     Jainism earliest descriptions were thought of being a self centered search for personal salvation without having a personal God. Jains do not believe in one creator or God. Heinrich Zimmer, an expert on Indian Philosophy, states, ?Jainism is Tran theistic- it does not deny existence of God but that it goes beyond them.? (A 352) Others see it?s as a search for personal growth and a sense of higher personal ethics. Jainism is founded on the goal of overcoming the temporary cycle of earthly life in addition to be released from an endless cycle of existence. Human destiny was the center of Jain teaching. They were to rely on themselves to seek that which will save them from the domination of matter, this being moral elevation. Above all, Jainism is a religion of love and compassion, with an eternal universe. They have made significant contributions in logic, art, and architecture, grammar, mathematics, literature, philosophy, astronomy, and astrology.

The group of objects chosen for this paper comes from the collection of the Saint Louis Art Museum. The title of both pieces is called Seated Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara (Guanyin). Both these pieces which are statues were sculpted in china. The earliest statue was made during the Tang dynasty. While, the later statue was made during the Northern Song dynasty. These statues were chosen because the same deity is depicted and were made in a similar geographic and cultural location. This allows for the comparison of the different styles between the 2 periods. The statue made during the Northern Song dynasty depicts the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara sitting in a pose called the relaxed pose or easy pose. This statue also depicts the Bodhisattva adorned in lavish silk garments while a jeweled crown sits atop his head. The statue is carved from wood and painted with gesso, pigments, and gilding. The statue made during the Tang Dynasty depicts the Bodhisattva sitting in the easy pose as well. It also depicts the Bodhisattva in flowing robes while wearing a string of jewels.

Both Jainism and Sikhism have arisen as alternatives to Hinduism within India. As Molloy highlights, they both share a belief in karma with Hinduism, but both reject the polytheistic and ritualistic elements of Hinduism. Despite these similarities, Jainism and Sikhism are different in their emphasis. The founder of Jainism was named Mahavira. He was the twenty fourth, in a succession of saints, called tirthankaras. Mahavira was born into an aristocratic family, and much of his life is shrouded in legend, but all version of his life story agree, that at the age of 30 he embraced the wandering life of an aesthetic holy man. His is said to have endured much pain, and sacrifice at his own hands, and at the hands of others. During this

The general idea of Ahimsa is concentrated on nonviolence and to abstain from any type of violent behavior and any form of injury to all living things. They do not wish any harm on others. Ahimsa is derived from the Indian religion of Jainism which is one of the most ancient religions in India. One of the primary focal points of Jainism is that live human beings’ relationships and soul with other human beings bring about the natural revelation of Ahimsa as the justification of the religion. Ahimsa’s focus is non-violence, peaceful harmony with all things, and love. A Jain lives in Ahimsa by practicing these similar characteristics because Jainism is the world’s most peaceful religion. Jainism is a religion that believes in non-violence and the proper treatment of everything on this earth. Jains believe that just thinking thoughts of another person is considered violence. Jains should not use words that could injure or give unhappiness to one another. Jains will walk on sidewalk and sweep as their walking to avoid killing an ant or some sort of bug, they are also taught to let animals live and die a natural death. Even though they know nonviolence cannot be perfectly practiced they try their best to live it. Each Jain is responsible for its own salvation.

Jains believe that Karma is made up of very fine particles that determine the form that a soul will take in its next life (Braun “The Ethicality” 916). By taking the vow of

will tell you what you have done as bad things you do in your life

Jainism and Buddhism acknowledge extremely similar aspects in their respective religions. They both have a grounded belief of karma, samsara, and one of liberation. Although these basic principle are the same, they have differences within them. In this essay, it will discuss the similarities and differences between the basic beliefs and traditions regarding karma, samsara, recognition of the self, and final liberation in regards to Jain and Buddhist religions.

Jains have five incredibly important aspects that they follow. The first is ahimsa, non-harm, not only to themselves but to everyone and their environment. Next, Jains believe in telling the truth; they don't believe in over exaggerating or lying because it can cause pain to someone (which brakes ahimsa).

Egyptian art is known widely for its hieroglyphics in temples/tombs as well as having a wide range of statues representing a spiritual future, while the Chinese stick to tradition sculptures, this includes but is not limited to small figures like a person, animal or an unlikely looking figure. Egyptian art is known to be descriptive each piece of art work is telling a story. Comparing the Ka statue from ancient Egypt dating back to Hor I/Autubre 13th Dynasty and the Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara statue dated 8th–early 9th century from Southern Thailand. I will discuss the iconography of each and compare two major themes of each object the Ka statue and Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara. I intend to show the relationship religion has had over these two different periods in time and how over years not much has changed as faith and belief are strong when it comes to statues.

Both Jainism and Buddhism originated in India. Yet, unlike Hinduism, neither is based on the Vedas, and both were alternatives to the ritual-oriented Brahmanism of India. The extreme antiquity of Jainism is well documented from ancient Hindu and Buddhist scriptures, but the teachings