Some people believe that there are internal and external psychological reasons which can explain men’s irrational and violent behavior against women.
The particularistic/individualistic view explains honor killings in psychological, rather than cultural terms. Many community leaders believe that the murderer was insane or mentally ill, and committed the crime in the “heat of passion”. For example, these people believe that men who attack others have been sufficiently provoked. Therefore, they should be excused from extreme behavior such as “beating, maiming, burning, and killing” others. Heat-of-passion defenses describe that these men, mostly husbands, were acting “in a state of high emotional distress” and are less guilty than if they acted for economic or premeditated reasons. There are people who believe that theses murderers have a sickening mindset, along with the idea that men involved in killings are not in a normal state of mind. To feel proud by taking someone’s life and not showing any remorse is abnormal behavior. Thus, this type of behavior can be explained by psychopathy, mental illnesses associated with criminals.
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Kiran and Dr. Mamsa, explain that egotistical behavior, drug addiction, and lack of empathy, education, and wisdom are factors that lead to honor killings. Because there are no capital punishments for murdering in the name of honor, men have more power to kill and less reason to take the issue seriously. Dr. Sobia believes that men are subject to society’s perception. She states, “the words ‘you are a man, she is your honor, death is better than such humility’ provoke them [men]”. Another psychologist, Dr. Saba, views some men with low self-esteem and lack of satisfaction with their lives. When women are successful, they can hurt men’s egos which causes men to feel jealous/resentful and abuse
In the article “Five Reasons People Abuse their Partners”, written by Carrie Askin, she discusses why men decide to abuse their spouse. Also, Askin is the Co-Director of Menergy, which is a treatment center for abusive partners. Askin goes into great depth and thinks psychological of the many reasons why someone would abuse another person. Askin did not blame it on their behavior but she revealed that a person may be abusive because this person may not know how to react when their ego is bruised, they feel entitled, lack of empathy, lack of accountability, and unaddressed trauma. And then she elaborated on each point. So Askins’s goal by listing those five topics was to show people that there is a deeper reason on why someone may be abusive.
While most of these schools do not give a lot of information about the victim, except for each type of school has had one big case where there the articles give a lot of information about the victim. Harvard was the only Ivy league school to release the name of a victim, Alyssa Leader and two students from the class of 1960 and 1964, from any of the Ivy League school. In an Huffington Post article Alyssa Leader name is used. The article stated, “[Alyssa] Leader officially filed a school complaint against Doe for abuse, sexual assault and harassment in February 2015, prompting a university investigation. Her main goal was to have him removed from her dorm, she told HuffPost,”
Ayaan Hirsi Ali speaks of honor killings and forced marriages in Middle Eastern society in the The AHA Foundation 2nd Annual Conference. She begins with describing her personal situation when she was younger; her arranged marriage to a relative and then her escape to the Netherlands at the age of twenty-two in an effort to avoid this marriage where she was met with an entirely different culture where the pressure of the honor of the family was not forced upon females by both female and male parties within the family. She noted how Dutch women wore what they pleased, failed to have rigid curfews, had romantic relationships as they desired, and did not have to obey their male guardians in every aspect contrary to the adamant regulations imposed on women in the Middle Eastern society she grew up in. She describes how the difference between regular domestic abuse and honor violence is that honor violence is justified by the perpetrator by their culture and religion; they claim they have no other choice because the woman in question defiled the families honor and there was no other option available other than to kill her for the sake of honor. When a woman born in this culture begins to defy her family, the family will either commit an honor killing, or marry the girl off, Ali states. When honor killings are performed they are almost always made to look accidental, and can range from shootings, stranglings, drownings or even beheadings when a point is to be made to other
This essay aims to answer the question “can psychology satisfactorily explain sexual violence?” However, as this is such a broad area of research, it will be focussing on domestic sexual violence, including intimate partner violence (IPV) and child sexual abuse within the family.
the family of orientation. Statistics show that 73% of male abusers had grown up in a
These killing normally result from a suspicion that one is engaging in acts that impinge on the family’s and society’s conservative views. This can include partaking in relationships outside of marriage, refusal of an arranged marriage, seeking divorce, homosexual acts, and being a victim of rape. The victims of honor killings are often murdered in the name of family honor for bringing shame and disgrace to the family. In many cases, these killings occur within a family unit— between father-daughter, husband-wife, brother-sister, etc. Since they occur so regularly, “most honor killings are not classified as such, are rarely prosecuted, or when prosecuted in the Muslim world, result in relatively light sentences” (Chesler, 2010).
Perceptions of aggression by what gender roles are being expressed whether the person is a masculine male or feminine male qualities are present or whether a female presents herself as masculine or feminine in a study by researchers Hannah M. Borhart & Heather K. Terrell called “Perceptions of Aggression are Colored by Gender Roles” provides a insight on this topic. These researchers asked participants to rate their aggressiveness towards their opponents in laboratory setting who were clearly identifiable as male or female who had scripted actions towards the rater.
Previous research concerning peer aggression has been conducted under the assumption that women rarely display aggression; therefore, aggressive behavior has historically been viewed as a male phenomenon (Björkqvist, 1994). Recently, many researchers have challenged the gender bias in the existence of aggressive behaviors and have broadened the definition of aggression. Björkqvist’s research suggests sex differences exist in the quality of the aggression, but not the quantity. According to Paquette and Underwood (1999), an adolescent’s expression of anger and contempt for peers can sometimes be expressed through physical aggression, manipulation, exclusion, and/or gossip. This broader definition allows for
To begin, studies have shown that most of the time, husbands were the cause of violent abuse towards their wives. The main question was again, trying to find out what common patterns that characterize some men to act in this violent manner. Generally, when we hear of someone who abuses his wife we make assumptions; for example, “he must not have been raised right” or “she must have done something to cause him to go over the edge”. An article by Liz Kelly, called “I’m not sure what to call it but . . . : defining sexual violence” tells us that most male offenders are likely to have aggressive personalities, to be mentally unstable or be “out of control” by use of drugs or alcohol. Daniel O’Leary (1993), also explains how violent men have often been seen to have a diversity of personality instabilities
from sadness to anger. This is what makes aggression something difficult to understand because it could come from anything. According to gender roles, men are known to be more aggressive then women. Men believe in showing aggressive will relate to masculinity and dominance. At times its shown that women do like being submissive towards their significant other in order to feel balanced. I found this to be sad because women have to adjust to their man in order to keep the mans ego on top. Males talk about women as if they were inanimate objects. According to O’Leary,
Moral crimes throughout Afghanistan, especially zina, lead to an exceedingly disturbing injustice, which is an honor killing. Zina, also referred to as adultery, is a felony according to the Afghan Penal code, and committing zina can cause someone to receive up to fifteen years in prison or a woman can also be punished by being stoned to death, but “under penal code, a man who is convicted of “honor killings” can be sentenced to no more than two years in prison” (Katzman). An honor killing is defined by the killing of a family member, especially a woman, who has brought dishonor to a family. There is an estimate that “150 cases of honor killings occur annually in Afghanistan… ,[and] fewer than half of them are formally reported, however, and very few end in convictions” (Nordland). The statements made regarding zina and honor killings correspond with one another, but they also differ. If a woman does not commit zina then an honor killing will not take place, but if a woman does commit zina then the woman can either face incarceration or even death from her actions. It seems as if honor killings are far worse than zina, which is true, but according to the Afghan government, zina is worse because women face longer jail time for committing zina, than men who are convicted of honor
I feel that everyone has an idea of what the opportunity cost of war is. One would most certainly think that one opportunity cost is the lives that those who lost their lives in a war could have lived as well as the amount of money spent on such war that could have been spent on something more beneficiary for our society. Dr. Weigl’s interview did, however, allow me to think of such opportunity costs more deeply.
Our text uses an honor killing example to further oppose and question cultural relativism. Duran Halitogullari was a rape victim and as a result, her father felt that she, “ had dishonored their family by having been raped. He then exercised what he regarded as his rightful authority…..Such “honor killings” usually go unpunished. That’s because the cultures in which they are committed often regard them as justified. In such cultures, a family’s honor is often dependent on the “purity” of its women. ” (294) This honor killing represented a threat to their pride, dignity, and community standing and deemed unacceptable challenge to their position and thus Duran Halitogullari was killed. Shader-Landau then asks “If morality is in the eye of the beholder, then everyone is seeing things equally well.“
The world is a colorful place and yet the education system seems to be color blind. By viewing our classrooms as a cookie cutter factory, the needs of many are not being met. Unfortunately, a student’s race and cultural differences are drastically affecting their achievement inside the classroom; thus, the effects are seen by how the students relate to the course material. In addition, a student’s background and physical appearance can influence the instructor's perception of the student and thus, pre-judge their learning capability. Willis Hawley and Sonia Nieto write “Another Inconvenient Truth: Race and Ethnicity” to present that schools must change their school culture from having a color-blind attitude into a color-celebration mindset if they are going to begin to bridge the minority achievement gap (2010). The education system should let each child’s differences be explored, nurtured, and honored.
Domestic violence is a global issue which impacts many individuals in numerous ways. To gain a detailed understanding of both the aggressor and victims of domestic violence I chose to exam the psychological and environmental aspects that may influence this continuous behavior that coincides with the continual cycle of violence.