Portrayed throughout Toni Morrison’s novel Sula, are a variety of themes, characters, and controversies. Multiple literary criticisms have been published covering the novel Sula such as Jackie Kay’s “Book of A Lifetime: Sula, By Toni Morrison,” Barbara Christian’s “The Community’s Use of Sula’s ‘Evil Nature’,” and Sara Blackburn’s “You Still Can’t Go Home Again.” Morrison flawlessly uses descriptive language and her own style to convey the many aspects of this novel such as relationships, the purpose of evil, and the unspoken boundaries placed upon the characters.
First and foremost, relationships are pivotal in the development of Sula’s character as a young girl and as a woman. Sula’s first real relationship was her friendship with Nel Wright,
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Sula’s mother, Hannah, was not the ideal example of how a woman should properly behave, nor was Eva, Sula’s grandmother. From an early age, Sula developed a lack of responsibility and it carried into her adult years. According to Kay, “The women are split into opposites. Nel, the conformer, Sula, the outsider” (2011). On the other hand, Eva later points out to Nel that there really wasn’t a difference between the two girls; even as adults, they were still one in the same. Through the use of this relationship in the novel, “Morrison makes you question small town morality” …show more content…
As Sula ages, the people in Medallion continuously find more reasons to portray her as an evil woman, therefore considering her “beneath” them. For instance, when Sula sleeps with the married men in the town, their wives don’t find it as a compliment like they did when Sula’s mother Hannah did the same thing. According to Barbara Christian, “All things have their use and even Sula’s evil nature is used by her community to validate and enrich its own existence” (46). Throughout the novel, Eva, Hannah, and Sula are all characterized by a sort of hatred from the town and used to evaluate “The need human beings continuously exhibit for a scapegoat, so they can justify themselves” (46).
Above all, there is a set of boundaries placed upon the characters and upon the town of Medallion. Morrison describes with great conviction the qualities and attitudes of the characters which led to the idea that these characters could flourish anywhere they may go. On the contrary, Sara Blackburn states, “Morrison hasn’t endowed her people with life beyond their place and function in the novel, and we can’t imagine their surviving outside the tiny community where they carry on their separate lives” (1973). Consequently, the story of the characters starts and ends in Medallion, Ohio and does not extend any
Morrison lost his job on the railroad a while back,” Papa continued,”and he ain’t been able to find anything else. When I asked him if he wanted to come work here as a hired hand, he said he would. I told him we couldn’t afford much- food and shelter and a few dollars in cash when I come home in the winter.” (37) Papa proves how he wants to protect his family by boycotting the Wallace store. Papas tells the children, “ Your Mama tells me that a lot of the older children been going up to that Wallace store after school to dance and by their bootleg liquor and smoke cigarettes.
When Sula returned to The Bottom, she got bad reactions from everyone. Her expensive clothes drew bad attention from the neighbors. Eva criticized her for not being married (that was the tradition back then, to be married and having children right after high school like Nel did). Then Eva and Sula began to go back and forth, Eva telling Sula that she was a bad daughter, Sula accusing Eva of murdering Plum, Eva saying that Sula just watched her mother burn to death.
Her mother and grandmother, who obviously favor her brother, essentially ignore Sula. Hannah, her mother, is a very sexual woman who enjoys the company of many men in town to the disapproval of Sula. Because of her mother’s actions, Sula views her with an indifferent and callous sense of hostility. Still, Sula reacts in a negative way when hears her mother say, “‘I just don’t like her’” in reference to her daughter. (57) The difference between loving someone and liking someone is made clear here. It develops the idea of a mother’s ambivalent love. When a child is aggravating, it can be frustrating to love them. But for Hannah, she simply does not like the person Sula is becoming. This realization, for Sula, removes her from
Sula dislikes her disheveled house, and wishes that she could live in a household as clean as that of Nel. Sula?s positive view of Nel?s home challenges Nel to see it in a new light, teaching her to appreciate. This concept stays current throughout the early years of their relationship, each opening the other?s eyes to new idea and ways of living and as they do their friendship grows stronger. The two become practically inseparable, living completely symbiotically and depending on each other for everything. However, this relationship is destined to change.
In Toni Morrison's Sula, the reader meets the protagonist, Sula, and her friend Nel when both girls are roughly twelve years old. Both girls are black, intelligent, and dreaming of
Being oppressed by her mother, Nel has an attraction to Sula’s carefree environment, which, unlike her own lacks any oppression. Likewise, Sula has an attraction to Nel’s peaceful and orderly environment. They both desire something that the other has, and that’s where such a strong attraction comes from. Together, they are perfect. Nel finds in Sula the youthfulness and the fun she’s missing, and Sula finds order and stability in Nel.
Sula wanted nothing to do with a husband that would betray her and cheat on her and come home and just be horribly mean to her. I think the biggest emotional obstacle Sula endured was watching her mother burn to death. Sula went through an obstacle course of emotions and relationships. Poor choices were made, which led to her ultimate demise, however, her demise was her own choice. It was pretty ironic how the dislike for Sula brought the community together. With their dislike for Sula they forgot about the problems they had with each other.
The novel Sula, is a work which contrasts the lives of its two main characters Nel and Sula. They appear, on the surface, to be the epidemy of binary opposites but this is in actuality their underlying bond. The differences in their personalities complement one another in a way that forges an almost unbreakable alliance. Sula is compulsive and uncontrollable while her counterpart, Nel, is sensible and principled. To prove Nel human by subscribing to the theory that a human is one who possess both good and bad traits, one must only look at how she interacts with Sula, here both negative and positive traits are evident.Nel’s "good" traits obviously come to the forefront when looking at her character. One might say this is a result
Because of the sexual confidence Hannah Peace has, Sula must disguise her difference, just like her grandmother Eva had too. Eva’s drastic measures were repeated by Sula an act of survival and denial of powerlessness and vulnerability. Nel and Sula are regularly picked on by the same group of boys, causing Sula to take matter into her own hands. At one point, Sula takes out a knife and cuts off part of her finger saying, “ ‘If I can do that to myself, what you suppose I’ll do to you?’ ” (54-55). This severe act if Sula’s moment of self-recognition of her connection to her grandmother Eva. Here, Sula realizes that she has to fight against her own vulnerability, and establish her identity, hereby following her grandmother Eva’s example. Though this moment shows Sula’s inner strength, it can never disguise her enough of being different from the rest of her community. Just as Eva and Hannah, Sula continues the unpreventable, mature line of breaking past the typical gender roles of the time. Eva’s overly independent attitude and removal from caring and mothering a daughter correctly, leaves her daughters with unlearned, societal caretaking skills. This results in Sula’s highly inappropriate and unnecessary act of clumsy caretaking within her relationship with Nel. Yet, it is understandable because Sula has never been taught normal and conventional means for problem solving. The denial of motherly love from
Nel follows all the stereotypes of what a woman should be. She is a simple God-fearing, church going women who marries young and is very domesticated, tending to the house and her children. Nel chooses to settle into the conventional female role of wife and mother while all throughout her life she has been careful to stick close to the "right" side of conformity. She was raised in a stable, rigid home by a family that has always been careful to keep up a socially respectable persona and an immaculately clean house. Sula on the other hand is the complete opposite. Sula gives social reforms no mind and is in a sense a wild woman that can not be tamed. She defies social conventions by never marrying, leaving her hometown to get an education and having multiple affairs with different men. The home she grew up in was in a constant state of disarray supplied by a steady stream of borders, three informally adopted boys all of whom were renamed Dewey and a line of men waiting for her openly promiscuous mother.
As a result, Sula goes through life believing that she is evil because she killed Chicken Little; in contrast, Nel judges herself to be good because it was not she who caused Chicken Little’s death. The lives of both women are clearly shaped by the views they have of themselves.
Sula as the main character in which the book is named, would be expected to have quite the character development as the story progresses, but this is not how the story progresses. Sula, as a child, receives little attention from her mother and grandmother (Reddy). This forces her to learn how to care for herself as well as become independent at young age, thus her childhood being cut short. Sula’s mother, Hannah, has a well know reputation for sleeping with all of the men of the Bottom (Reddy). Although Sula disapproves of her mother’s tendencies, her mother’s actions make their mark on Sula’s personality which we see later in the book.
In the novel Sula by Toni Morrison, the idea that Sula and Nel are different is proven multiple times. Throughout the entire novel, the stark contrast between Nel Wright Greene and Sula Peace is shown, starting from their childhood, when they first met. From even before the two friends had met, the difference was clear; the household that Nel lived in was overly clean and strict, while the household Sula lived in was entirely the opposite, with it being noisy, busy, and messy. As little girls, Sula and Nel create their own rules for their friendship; "In the safe harbor of each other's company they could afford to abandon the ways of other people and concentrate on their own perceptions of things” (55). However, their close friendship is tested when Sula sleeps with Nel’s husband, Jude, which stops Nel’s relationship with Jude and her friendship with Sula.
She too sleeps with only the husbands of other women. Sula has never witnessed a healthy relationship between a man and a woman. This is regarded by the community as terrible. Sula uses the men she sleeps with for pleasure, taking no consideration as to how the men feel. She refuses to have such patriarchal relationships as Hannah did. Hannah may indeed have received pleasure from the men she slept with but she remained the submissive participant in her relations. "Hannah rubbed no edges, made no demands, made the man feel as though he were complete and wonderful just as he was- he didn’t need fixing..." (p 2012). Sula, on the other hand, has a need to feel in control right down to the mechanics of her affairs. "And there was the utmost irony and outrage in lying under someone, in a position of surrender, feeling her own abiding strength and limitless power." (p2048). She not only took sex from men as pleasure, but sought out to claim power over them. "Sula was trying them out and discarding them without any excuse the men could swallow." (p2044). This made the women upset and furthered their hatred for Sula. Sula had power by sleeping with these very same men who held power over submissive wives. The town regards all of Sula’s actions as evil. They called her a "roach" and a "bitch", but above that spread a nasty rumor that she slept with white men. "There was nothing lower she could do, nothing filthier." (p2043). Though it is mentioned in
Since they are taught at such a young age, they do not have the critical thinking skills and they automatically believe the ideas that their parents taught them. For example, in Sula, Nel is under the control of her mother. After she sees her mother places herself in an inferior position and smiles to the men on the train, she realizes that she does not want to be like her mother. Nel says, “I’m me. I’m not their daughter. I’m not Nel. I’m me. Me” (Morrison 28). She wants to be wonderful, unique and free. However, since she is too young, she cannot persist her dream of freedom under the control of her mother and she utterly gives up. Morrison writes, “Under Helene’s hand the girl became obedient and polite. Any enthusiasms that little Nel showed were calmed by the mother until she drove her daughter’s imagination underground” (Morrison 18). She finally becomes one of the “normal” women who does follow all the social conventions and loses her sense of self. She cares about how other people and the society think instead of how she feels. She marries a man and their marriage is not based on love, but instead, it is aimed to satisfy the normative expectation of their community. Therefore, one of the reasons why Nel loves Sula is because Sula succeeds in being unique, free and ignores all the social conventions that she does not like agree