Comparison: The Wretched Monarchy Of France

Importance of the Weaknesses of the French Crown in Explaining the Outbreak of the French Wars of Religion in 1562

A nation cannot be one when the people do not believe in the ideals of the government. The revolution was merely a civil war which pitted citizens against one another. While many people believed in the revolution, they did not accept the extremist ideas of the Jacobins, and for that thousands of ordinary people were targeted and killed. The September Massacres was a subsequent mass killing of prisoners, after news that the Prussian Army had invaded France. On September 3, 1792, crowds of French citizens stormed into the prisons where they attacked prisoners and refractory clergy, regardless of their status as counter revolutionary. An account of this event by Nicolas-Edme Restif illustrates the torture the citizens inflicted on the prisoners who were their “brothers”:

Title- The road from Versailles: Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, and the fall of the French Monarchy

France developed constitutional monarchy and then went into democratic despotism and after that into the Napoleonic empire. It all started when the people at first fought against the unfair taxes. A constitutional monarchy was established the king was not feeling the constitutional monarchy so he plotted to restore his former power. While trying to get his power back the king was caught lying and the lie cost him his head. Then they started a republic. The idea of killing enemies of the Republic seemed like a good idea at first but took a turn for the worst.

The published letter of the king’s reasoning for departure also served the public with rage, and, “equally significant for the future of the Revolution was the dramatic change in attitude toward the king…everything was transformed by the king’s flight.” (Tackett, 101) People in the streets of Paris were throwing out their portraits of the royal family and were seeing the king, the one they praised a week ago, as a deserter and conspirator to their newly-formed and praised government. The use of rumor and newspapers by members of The Cordelier Club also helped spread certain radical ideals in which prompted the idea of turning France into a republic, and of dissembling the monarchy and the king altogether. It was this power in the streets of Paris that would soon grow with every day after the king fled, as, “Outside the Legislative Assembly, however, the more radical revolutionaries had managed to hold the loyalty of most of the provincial club network, giving them a powerful propaganda tool.” (Popkin, 58) The National Assembly was still strong in its number of members favorable of this new constitutional monarchy, but it was in the streets and with the people that the actual aspect of the Revolution was shifting. Members of the National Assembly were getting restless

The radical turning point of the revolution, marked by the Reign of Terror, was an atmosphere of mass executions and imposed paranoia, with more than ten thousand “counterrevolutionaries” (vaguely defined, which at the end turned out to be anyone with dissent) sent to death under the Law of Suspects. Robespierre himself states that “Terror is nothing but prompt, severe, inflexible justice; it is therefore an emanation of virtue… The government of the revolution is the despotism of liberty against tyranny”. “Severe and inflexible”, as justified by Robespierre, the revolution needed a push in order to reach its goals. France under the committee's total control sent anyone with dissent to the guillotine because they were considered to be a threat to the new government, which ironically named itself “for the people”. An anonymous eyewitness during the reign commented on the Reign of Terror collection of authentic narratives that “It seemed as if their blind fury was particularly directed against the weakest and most amiable.The loveliest, the youngest, and the most interesting females, were dragged in crowds into this receptacle of misery, whence they were led, by dozens, to inundate the scaffold” (325). The sickening extent of human toll

King Louis XVI and Marie Antionette were two people that should not have been ruling a country. King Louis was always gone on hunting trips and Marie Antionette spent every dime of French money. Once the Monarchy ran out money, they started to tax the Third, and poorest, estate. The third estate took up 97% of the population. 97% of the population was starving and the royal family kept spending large amounts of money until the people revolted. The people of France tried to reason with King Louis, but he refused to change his ways and kept taxing the third estate. When the people revolted, they stormed the Bastille and took all of the weapons they could. The people then went to the King’s palace and demanded he fix the way he was ruling before they killed him. The King didn’t listen and was executed along with his wife. Of the three kids that Marie Antionette had, the two boys died of Tuberculosis in jail and the daughter was sent to live the remainder of her life in exile in Austria. It may seem as though the people of France had successfully overgrown their monarchy and could begin a life of freedom, however this is not the case. The French had rushed into combat too fast and did not have a plan for what to do after they had killed their rulers. The right of Terror begins where Maximilian Robespierre beheads 40,000 people in the span of ten months for speaking against the revolution. In the end, Robespierre ends up getting

With the downfall of the absolute monarchy, and the beheading of King Louis XVI, France began to fall apart because of the lack of leadership and not having chain of command. What killed the monarchy was the inability to create representative institutions in which the state could execute its program of reform.(p 33) The people of France received what they asked for, and achieved one of their goals, but it lead to bureaucratic efficiency, the idea of letting terror take over. The cycle of violence was seen as never ending for the citizens of France. The London Times article also talks of mobs appearing in the city, and during this revolution gang life was starting to take control of the city. These gangs would order around, and if you did not

At its beginnings, monarchy was a political system in which the King was the major authority in his country. Its power and respect emanated from the belief that he had been chosen by a God or holy source. Generally, monarchies has always been associated to a religion (Catholicism, in the case of Spain). It wasn’t until the French Revolution, at the end of XVIIIth century, when some countries started change the way they were governed. Before this Revolution, the only form they had was the absolute monarchy, in which the king gathered the three state powers: executive, legislative and judicial. The inhabitants of the nation were submitted to the king’s power. Before the French Revolution, the forms of government were divided into three forms:

In 1793 and 1794, were conditions in France serious enough to require such a violent response by the revolutionary government.The Reign of Terror lasted less than two years, from the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793 to late July 1794.During those eighteen months, more than 20,000 French people were put to death by guillotine.The behavior by the revolutionary French government was not justified because Any society that invents the machine to publicly cut off people’s heads is off base. The action is unjustified because it is barbaric.The reign of terror was not justified because Robespierre’s s Desperate times required desperate measures not justified In a government that says it values liberty, passing a law like the levee en mass is unjust because it requires people to do things they do not want to do wrong in a government that says it values freedom and liberty. The revolutionary government made too many demands on individuals who were right to rebel against the oppressive revolutionary government. speech sounds rational, but he is out of touch. When a government has to “smother” its own citizens in order to eliminate individuals who challenge it, the government is not promoting freedom.To lay the foundations of democracy and the rule of law, rulers need to follow democracy and the rule of law, not the blade of terror. Any society that invents the machine to publicly cut off people’s heads is off base. The action is unjustified because it is barbaric.Nine people

Yes for multiple years France was a monarchy. The mismanagement of resources, Enlightment period, and inflation led to the overthrow of the monarchy which meant there were no nobles and clergyman and all people would be equal. This meant that there would be rights to property and a basic freedom of religion. The day of the dictator, clergy and nobles was over. The people wanted to control more of their own destiny. Since the country was running out of food and supplies; I tend to believe this would have happened eventually anyway. Hungry people tend to be unhappy which leads to division. After dictators lost power the radicals got involved which led to a lot of civil wars within the country. Unfortuanately, this contributed to the monarchy

France was experience a great amount of change in the summer of 1793, when the Jacobins succeeded the moderates in the National Convention. With the radical Jacobins in power, the country was in tumult, and a Reign of Terror ensued due to a law of suspects that legalized local revolutionary committees. Because of this, thousands of people were killed by guillotine or other methods. Throughout the summer of 1793, the radical Jacobins’ control of the Committee of Public Safety instituted the Terror which was advantageous in it’s intended purpose, yet it was disadvantageous because of the enemies it created.

During the second half of the 17th century, there were many similarities and differences between the monarchy in England and France. These similarities and differences were seen in the theory and practice of the monarchies. In England, there was a Constitutional monarchy, while in France, there was an Absolutist monarchy. In the second half of the 17th century, absolute monarchs such as Louis XIV ruled in France, and William and Mary shared their power with Parliament in England. These two monarchies had differences theories and government, but they shared a similarity through the practice of mercantilism.

Its early losses cast further suspicion on refractory clergymen and their followers, now suspected of conspiring with the enemy. The collapse of the monarchy on August 10 provided an added impetus for the destruction of anything associated with the ancien régime. Thus, the Assembly suppressed all remaining religious orders, even those staffing schools and hospitals, and ordered that the remaining non-jurors to leave, or to be arrested and deported. Suspicion furthered when news arrived that the fortress-town had fallen to the allied Prussian forces, and Parisians believed that imprisoned counter-revolutions were preparing to ally themselves with the enemy. Such paranoia led to an outbreak of preventative justice when Parisians descended on the city’s prison, slaughtering over a thousand prisoners in what would later be known as the September Massacres. Such violence made clear the distrust that would prevent any reconciliation between the Church and the new

It is of geopolitical importance that New Caledonia and French polynesia remain under the umbrella of the French Republic. France will endeavor so that the 2018 referendum in New Caledonia will result in a vote to remain with the French Republic - which would signal the end of a further transfer of powers under the Noumea accord and would prolong the independence debate for the foreseeable future. It would ensure the powers of foreign policy, military and immigration stay in the French Government's hands which is key to preventing further calls for independence - as by overseeing an increase in the French loyalist population it would increase the anti-independence electorate and military allows the administration of the area to stay