Competition Athletes: Similar Abilities To Marine Animals

Exercise increases the use of energy by your muscles, which activates a series of reactions to create new energy to keep exercising and maintain homeostasis. The first reaction that occurs is an increase in your breathing rate. Energy creation requires significant oxygen. The only way to provide the necessary oxygen is to increase the speed at which your respiratory system is introducing it into your bloodstream. The harder you exercise, the more energy is used, resulting in your body increasing your breathing rate even more to maintain adequate energy levels for balance.

The lungs have a huge blood supply and a huge surface area so they are very effective at getting oxygen out of the air. They are also in charge of getting rid of the carbon dioxide excess and some of the excess water as water vapour. It is the lungs job to get the oxygen and the heart has to pump it around the rest of the body. Energy metabolism; when people are exercising their muscles are contracting and they are using more energy so they will need more oxygen getting to the muscles and my heart

In The Swimmer a short story by John Cheever a man named Neddy Merrill decides to swim across every pool in the county naming his route the Lucinda River after his wife. As he goes on this journey some of his neighbors are nice, some show pity, and others show distaste for him. Throughout the story Cheever gives subtle hints that Neddy is disoriented as he doesn’t remember key details of things that have happened to his friends in the area. At the end of the story a disoriented Neddy reaches his home to find it empty, with his family gone. Cheever uses this short story to critique the way of life in the upper class suburbs of America that contributed to the social demise of Neddy Merrill

What limits the speed and stamina of most endurance athletes is the ability of their heart and lungs to deliver oxygen at a steady rate

In Frank Perry’s 1986 film adaptation of “The Swimmer”, Cheever, Neddy, an upper middle class man who decides to swim across his neighbors’ pools home only to discover that his house no longer belongs to him and he is no longer a part of his family, is characterized as a very suave and robust man. The first scene of The Swimmer emphasizes Neddy’s vitality by the ways in which the camera encompasses Neddy’s body and that of his friends, the addition of two characters as well as additional interactions between Neddy and the women in this text. This contrasts the characterization of Neddy in the short story in the sense that Cheever’s Neddy is not presented as this sexual and aggressively masculine figure.

This shows that there are some other affects of the mammalian dive response other than just bradycardia. When looking at a study done by Hochachka and Mottishaw on dive responses of phocids and otariids, there was quite a different take on the dive response shown. These animals show a lot more advanced dive response with an increased number of factors playing a role than what humans have. Although, there are some mechanisms that humans do share with whales, penguins and seals (Seedhouse 2002). These mechanisms include vasoconstriction, preferential shunting/blood shifts/thoracic filling, and bradycardia (Seedhouse 2002). Studying these other factors could have improved the results of this paper. Another variable that would have made this study better would have been one that involved water temperature. Colder water has been reported to show a lot more of a decrease in heart rate. This could have had an affect on the data recorded in this study. Another important factor would have been to focus also on vasoconstriction. Sterba and Lundgren found that there was a much greater affect on blood flow then heart rate change. Schagatay and Andersson also tested different levels of fitness in humans to see if this had any affect on the diving response. This showed that the better shape a person is in results in a slightly increased diving response. Any of these extra tests would have made this paper stronger. The overall results showed a dive

Scuba divers store oxygen in tanks usually made out of aluminum or steel cylinders. The concern with these tanks is that they dry out, rust, corrode, face water ingression, and so forth. In addition scuba tanks weigh from about 30 – 35 pounds. Therefore scuba divers must accommodate the weight of the tank with water pressure based on how many feet they go down under water.

Altitude training is practised by endurance athletes who train for several weeks at high altitude, Over 2,500 metres above sea level, or at intermediate altitudes due to the shortage of suitable altitude training locations. Even at intermediate levels the air still contains approximately 20.9% oxygen, but partial pressure of oxygen is reduced (West J., et al, 1996)

The purpose of this essay is to analyze the short story “The Swimmer” by Jon Cheever and it’s film adaptation. Overall, the film and the short story use different dialogue, different characterization, and different visual effects and imagery to provide the reader and the viewer with the allegory of Ned Merrill’s life. While both works focus on the fanciful nature of moving across an entire neighborhood using swimming pools, there are more differences between the film and short story than similarities. Firstly, I will begin by describing the usage of visual effects in the film and imagery in the short story. Secondly, I will describe the differences in dialogue. Finally, I will conclude by describing the ways in which both pieces leverage their characters.

Balance is required for Olympic diving because the athlete must be able to hold a position with a small base of support (feet close together before jumping into the dive). According to the USA Diving organization, “A diver’s lift from the board prior to execution of the dive must show control and balance, plus the proper angle of landing and leaving for the particular dive being attempted,” (Diving 101). The diver needs to show proper postural control when approaching the board and prior to take off.

Triathlons challenge athletes to surpass there mental limits in order to reach maximum physical endurance. In result of demanding competition that includes events such as running, cycling and swimming, physical endurance is imperative. Yet, individuals possess dissimilar abilities which enables one to triumph over pears. With that being said, more or less athletes competing in triathlons are attempting to set personal records. The principles individuality, overload, variation, specificity, conclude athletes may train for personal goals which complements an athlete’s desire to improve. Individuality indicates a person’s abilities compared to others. The specify principle may improve a person’s ability in struggling events. In comparison variation

Swimmers are just as likely to suffer from an eating disorder as any other athlete. Bulimia Nervosa seems to be more prevalent in these athletes because they can more easily hide what is going on. Many swimmers feel insecure about their bodies because of the tight swim suits that must be worn as well as potential judgement from teammates or spectators about their weight. They even believe that having a lower body weight will help them improve their speed and performance in the pool. However, they fail to understand that under nourishing their bodies can lead to fatigue, which ultimately can decrease performance. If the swimmer has multiple races at a swim meet, they will need to recover quickly depending on when the next race is. But, if they

Oxygen is required by the cells to carry out respiration, this provides the energy in the form of adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) which is a molecule required for muscular contraction. As exercise takes place, oxygen is used

Aerobic capacity is also related to an individual’s lung capacity and amount of oxygen the muscles can use (Abernethy, 2013).

Mammals consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide as part of their metabolism process in order to maintain body functions. This occurs at all times, both rest and during intense work, within mammals. During times of greater work, skeletal muscles work harder than they do at rest. This in turn increases their metabolic rate and results in a greater demand for oxygen. It has been proposed that fitness training has a positive effect on both the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, which effect the maximum oxygen consumption rate during intense exercise periods. I hypothesize that individuals who aerobically exercise a minimum of at least 7 hours per week will have increased fitness, which will maximize their overall metabolic rates and give them higher VO2 max and VCO2 max values than individuals who do not have increased fitness. Ten males having different fitness levels were put on stationary bikes at increasing levels until exhaustion and VO2-max and VCO2-max was then measured from each individual. It was found that there was a slight upward trend between fitness-VO2max and fitness-VCO2max, although this trend was not statistically significant when represented by the T-test values through statistical analysis. Further experiments should be done in the future to verify a statistically significant correlation.