Financial Analysis JET2 Task 3 A1. Capital Structure Recommendation A sound capital structure needs to be in place for Competition Bikes to maximize its shareholder return and expand. A good capital structure would ensure adequate funding and future business stability. However, adequate funding involves capital financing which also has its own risks. If bonds are issued, the company would have to pay interest on them but if sales projections aren’t met, this could have a huge negative impact on shareholder earnings. Also dividends could be impacted if no shares issued to cover growth or expansion costs because profits will have to be spread among larger number of shares. To provide a base for analysis in comparing all structures, …show more content…
The total earnings per common stock is $.16 for years 9-13. 2. Discuss capital budget areas that raise concern. 9% Bonds – Income before taxes was hugely lowered because of the significant amount of interest paid to the bonds. This caused the total income paid for common stock after paying the income taxes to be the lowest in all structures. Also, these bonds means more debt was added to the company. The more bonds the greater the amount of debts. For a firm with such amount of debts, will likely find itself struggling to manage cash flow because of the many payments with interests no matter how much the income will be. As a result, this option provided the lowest earnings per common share in years 9-13 of $.103. 50% Preferred stock (5%, $50 par), 50% Common stock – This option provided for zero interest payment on bonds. The company will be able to keep all earnings before interest in taxes because interest on bonds will be paid. The company will have the most net-income out of all structures which resulted to $.203 for years 9-13 of earnings per common share. It is the recommended option to consider. 20% 9% Bonds, 80% Common Stock – This option is a mixture of bonds and common stock which provides a much better form of financing the business than having only bonds. The main reason is because it reduces interest rates to be paid on bonds while increasing income before taxes. With this option, the
9. What is the Cost of Debt, before and after taxes? Using the interest rate for the largest debt…cannot use the weighted interest rate for the debt since it includes capital lease obligations with no stated rate and could not find in the notes to the financials. 5.4% After tax cost is .054 x (1-.36) = 3.5%
As shown in Exhibit, profitability has been a concern to Kootenay - gross margins are below industry average of 28-50% for its complete bike products (Entrée; -0.83%, Dlux; 7.76%, and Ultra;-6.73%) where materials have represented a high percentage of the costs (58 – 74%). Selling frame alone has shown stronger profitability (23.33%) but overall returns needs to be improved (ROA/ROE are -14%/-22%).
Nevertheless, the use of the Optimal Capital Structure (OCS) is the right techniques to be used in order to acquire the right combination of debt and equity that can maximize the
Finding the perfect capital structure in terms of risk and reward can ensure a company meets shareholder expectations and protects a firm in times of recession. Capital structure refers to how a business puts its money to “work”. The two forms of capital structure are equity capital and debt capital. Both have their benefits and limitations. Striking that perfect balance between the two can mean the difference between thriving versus trying to survive.
Question 5: Evaluate the Put-Warrant/Convertible Bond proposal. Does it solve Intel’s capital structure dilemma? What arguments might be made in favor of it?
The firm has decided to increase the debt finance component portion from 20% to 30% which is a good decision since the interest payments are 100% tax deductible. The appropriate capital structure would be to
o Cost of debt in this case is 12.5% though MCI can raise $ 100 million more with this option in comparison to option (a) above. Servicing this debt would be a significant drain on the cash flow. o Please see Exhibit 3. (c) $600 million Convertible offering @ 7.625% 20 year with conversion at 54 per share o Using this option MCI can raise $ 100 million more than option (b) at 4.88% lower rate of interest. It also gives MCI an option to convert it to equity once the stock price reaches 54 (it is currently 47). Based on previous convertible offerings (As per exhibit 6 of case, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981 and 1982), MCI has been converting it to equity within 18 months because of its high growth. As higher growth is projected for the next few years (Exhibit 9 of case), MCI is expected to convert this $600 million offering to equity, thereby reducing its leverage. o This option allows to finance its current activities and match capital inflows with expected investment outlays in the near future. It also allows MCI the option to eliminate the cash flow drain from servicing the debt once the stock price increases. o As per Exhibit 3 attached here, this offering will provide capital to meet the external financing needs for 1983.
Government interest rates from Table B, 8.72%. The 10 year rate was chosen to be consistent with time lengths. Then the value for equity, debt and the firm need to be calculated, this is a simple step. The market price of the shares is multiplied by the number of outstanding shares to find the value of equity and the book value of long term debt is used for the value of debt and the value of both equity and debt are added together to come up with the value of the firm. The weight of the equity and debt can now be calculated by dividing the value of equity or debt by the value of the company. Lastly, the tax rate was calculated by using the balance sheet, given in exhibit 1, to determine income taxes paid and dividing it by earnings before interest and taxes for each of the last ten years then by taking the average of the ten years tax rates.
Because of the fact that BHC is a new venture ; the risk is actually high. Mortgage rate appears to compensate for the risk.When BHC had acquired $2,275,000 with a mortgage.
Our company will plan to finance our strategy principally through issuing stock and cash flows from operating activities generated from the company’s normal business functions. It is undesirable for our strategy to issue debt because we would like to stay away from interest payments. Our company anticipates our debt to equity leverage ratio to be around 0.5.
This step involves short and long term debt equity analysis. The proportion of equity capital depends on the possessing and additional funds will be raised. The choice of the source of funds the company has are the issue of shares and debentures, loans to be taken from banks and financial institutions and public deposits to be drawn in form of bonds. The choice will depend on relative merits and demerits of each source and period of financing. The management of the investment funds is key in allocating that the funds are going in the correct place. The profits that are made can be down in two ways dividend declaration which includes identifying the rate of dividends and retained profits in which the volume has to be decided which will depend upon expansion and diversification of the company. The management of cash is another important function. Cash is needed for all different aspects of the company such as payment of salaries, overhead and bills. All of these are important in a company and how successful the financial aspect is going to be.The financial management practices include capital structure decision, investment appraisal techniques, dividend policy, working capital management and financial performance assessment. A company needs to have well financial in order to be successful. “A company that sells well but has poor financial management can fail.” (Johnston)
In case they finance with debt, Winfield (the company) would be able to enjoy the tax shield as a result of tax deductible interest expense, hence their effective cost of debt will be 4.225%. However, when financed with stock, the new stockholders will be entitled to perpetuity of $7.5M in dividends. Working out the net present values of the two scenarios as shown in the tables above, Debt financing becomes a favorable option to stock since it yields a higher NPV.
The course project involved developing a great depth of knowledge in analyzing capital structure, theories behind it, and its risks and issues. Before I began this assignment, I knew nothing but a few things about capital structure from previous unit weeks; however, it was not until this course’s final project that came along with opening
MCI would be better to keep its capital structure of 55% debt. The cost of equity is high because raising more equity will dilute the value for existing shareholders. Due to the fact that MCI has a high leverage, it is not feasible to issue debt. Additionally, MCI has exhausted the line of credit from the banks and used convertible debentures frequently. MCI belongs to a competitive and regulatory industry. The high leverage will limit its potential to grow. In exhibit 8, MCI does not have a bond rating. The convertible bond allowed the company to raise capital and convert to equity later. The interest coverage ratio of AT&T is 3.6X whereas that of MCI is 4.2X. After increasing the market share, the company can obtain a bond rating by decreasing its financial leverage.
We would recommend the capital structure with 30% debt. This is because with 30% debt, they would be able to repurchase 19.8 million shares outstanding as well as save 37.8 million in taxes. EBIT is high in this company, and because of this, financial leverage will raise EPS and ROE. However, variability also increases as financial leverage increases, so the company would not want to take on too much debt and become very risky.