Composition of Penny Using Redox Reactions Essay

First of all copper must oxidize in order for the process to start. It’s a basic reaction of copper to oxygen. The chemical formula is: 2Cu + O2 --> 2CuO. The vinegar is very similar to acetate acid. Together the vinegar and copper would form Copper (II) Acetate. The formula would be Cu(C2H3O2)2. Also, the patina growth varies dramatically with location and how much copper sulfate (CuSO4) the object contains. The Statue of Liberty has been exposed to acid rain and oxygen which forms (over time) patina. The acid rain is the combination of rain and the pollution in the atmosphere which solidifies enough for form acid rain. The sulfate comes from sulfuric acid in the acid rain and the sulfate is bound to other components in patina. This is because the copper sulfate is normally soluble in water. Also, copper carbonate Cu(HCO3)2 does not exist in a solid state, so when the rain

The objective of this experiment was to calculate the percentage of copper in three random pennies by applying

Used stirring rods to completely remove copper from that wire. And then completed the removal of copper using 5 drops of 6M HCl, adding it onto copper. There will produced copper in a solution. Connected Buchner flask to the vacuum line and place filter paper in it to completely washed off the copper. Then, add 95% ethanol to copper and leave it for 1 min and turned section back for 5 mins. Measured mass of clean, dry watch glass. Transfer copper to watch glass and dry it under heat lamp for 20 mins, allowed it to cool to room temperature and then accurately determine its mass.

The purpose of the experiment is to cycle solid copper through a series of five reactions. At different stages of the cycle, copper was present in different forms. First reaction involves reaction between the copper and nitric acid, and copper changed from elemental state to an aqueous. The second reaction converted the aqueous Cu2+ into the solid copper (2) hydroxide. In the third reaction Cu(OH)2 decomposed into copper 2 oxide and water when heated. When solid CuO reacted with sulfuric acid, the copper returned to solution as an ion (Cu2+). The cycle of reactions was completed with the reaction where elemental copper was regenerated by Zn and Cu

Washing of the copper is necessary in this experiment to separate the iron from the copper and make sure the iron is not counted in the mass of the copper.

11. Write the balanced chemical reaction of zinc with HCl (same as problem 5). Is the product of this reaction soluble in aqueous solution?

9.  I filled the pipette with the soapy water solution and began to start adding drops of the solution to the same penny, from the distance of ½ centimeter, at a rate of one drop per second.

The purpose of this experiment was to find, compare, and contrast the mass, volume, and densities of copper and zinc pennies. Information about the pennies was acquired before the start of the lab. The pre-lab research stated that any pennies that were minted before 1982 are composed of pure copper, while any pennies after 1982 are made out of zinc. The densities of copper -- 8.96 grams per centimeters cubed -- and zinc -- 7.13 grams per centimeters cubed -- were also information that was acquired before starting the experiment. With knowing the density of the two metals, this hypothesis was formed: If the mass and volume of pennies made out of zinc and copper are both measured, then the copper pennies will have a greater mass, because copper has a greater density than zinc. This hypothesis was formed because density equals mass over volume and if the mass is greater in an object that has the same volume, then the density of the object will be greater than the other.

Oxidation involves the gain of electrons of hydrogen or the loss of oxygen or decrease in oxidation state. If zinc completely reacts with HCL, then the theoretical yield of copper should be equivalent to the actual yield.

Write a balanced chemical equation for each reaction #1-8. Classify each reaction using the information provided in the

After conducting the experiment by trying to find the density of the post-1982 pennies. The average density found after doing the experiment was 7.042 g/mL. The density of zinc is 7.13 g/mL. However, errors may have occurred tampering the density that was discovered. For example, reading the water measurement slightly wrong when using water displacement to find the volume of the pennies or not placing the pennies correctly in the cylinder which could create air pockets .Due to the close difference between the

13) When the tray is thoroughly dry, determine its mass. Record the mass in the data table. You have to wait until day three to weigh the copper.

XIV. Record your observations of the dried, cooled copper metal and weigh the recovered copper.

3) Repeat the drying process just to be sure that the copper is completely dry, and again determine the mass of the copper and the beaker.

Weigh out the necessary grams of Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate. The 40-degree group weighed out 40 grams. (See Figure 1)