Compound 3a Synthesis

The two essays that I choose for the synthesis essay are Parkinson’s Alley by Joy Horowitz and The Environmental Issue from Hell: Global Warming Is the Great Moral Crisis of Our Time by Bill Mckibben. Parkinson’s Alley is about residents in California’s Central Valley town of Visalia who have been diagnosed with Parkinson’s. This part of California has the highest number of people diagnosed with the neurodegenerative disease. The pesticides that are used in the surrounding farms seeps into the water that the residents use every day, causing them to get the disease. The Environmental Issue from Hell: Global Warming Is the Great Moral Crisis of Our Time is about how global warming is a moral crisis that, if not combated

Overall, the experimental results were similar to the results needed to identify the cobalt ammine halide coordination complex. The color of the compound was dark purple and it looked just as expected as the experiments leading up to the collection of the synthesized cobalt compound had little to no errors. The percent yield of the compound was not 100% due to small errors throughout experiments such as losing some of the compound during transferring, more liquid evaporating than desired, and not measuring volume to exact accuracy and precision every time. For example, when the graduated cylinder was filled with 100 mL deionized water and the liquid was poured into a flask, the liquid measured over the 100 mL mark on the flask, meaning that

This lab could have contained errors. The errors could have happened when performing the lab. Some of the possible errors in this lab are:

Using SN1 reaction mechanism with hydrochloric acid, t-Pentyl alcohol was converted to t-Pentyl chloride in an acid catalyzed reaction. The reaction took place in a separatory funnel designed to separate immiscible liquids. The crude product was extracted by transferring a solute from one solvent to another. The process of washing the solutions by phase transfer was used in order to remove impurities from the main solvent layer. Finally, the crude product was dried with anhydrous Calcium chloride and purified once more by simple distillation technique.

Reaction 1 involved a primary alcohol (OH), weak leaving group in the starting material and a reaction with a strong nucleophile (sodium bromide) and a polar protic solvent (sulfuric acid). The reaction was carried out through reflux and the product had a relatively high yield (75%) (Scheme 1).

1. I am used to make die castings for use in the electrical, automotive, and hardware industries. Who am I?

There are four naming systems you should familiarize yourself with to succeed on the SAT II Chemistry exam. The trick is recognizing which naming system to use. Here are the guidelines:

Compound 3a was selected by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) USA for anticancer screening with the NCI code D-785902/1. Compound 3c was found in the already tested cancer candidates in the NCI data base under NCI code NSC: 650353[42]. Both candidates were screened on human tumour cell lines at 10-5 M at the 60-Cell-Line Screenings of the Developmental Therapeutics Program (DTP) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA) under the drug discovery program of the NCI. The 60-cell-line-screening of the NCI includes 60 different tumour cell lines, the nine various organs and tumour types derived (leukaemia, non-small-cell lung cancer, colon cancer, CNS cancer, melanoma,

Results and Discussion Synthesis of Compound 3. Scheme 1: Synthesis of Compound 3. To synthesize compound 3, an approach involving treating triptolide with dimethyl sulfide and benzoyl peroxide in acetonitirile was used (Scheme 1). This approach resulted in the formation of compound 4 with a 51% yield and in triptonide (5) with a 46% yield.

The third reaction was prepared by synthesis of the reagent, benzoate. This reagent was prepared from phenylmagnesium bromide with benzoic acid in anhydrous THF. this reaction produced benzoic acid, benzene and water. This is shown in Scheme 3 below. (3) Scheme 3: Reaction of Benzoic Acid with PhMgBr

Results and discussion Synthesis Synthesis involves reaction of substituted salicylic acid hydrazide 1 with substituted benzoyl chloride 2 which resulted in the formation of substituted diacyl hydrazines (3a-f). Cyclization of substituted diacyl hydrazines was carried out using Lawesson reagent, which resulted in formation of 2,5-Disubstituted-1,3,4-thiadiazoles (4a-f). 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-thiadiazoles undergo reaction with different aromatic aldehydes to form different novel Schiff bases. The compounds were purified by repeated recrystallization from ethanol and then dried under vacuum [24, 25]. The scheme for synthesis is explained in Figure 1.

On 1/7, the Alky started to only process FCCU BB and no longer process Coker BB. Alkylation chemistry neither likes contaminants nor diluents. Contaminants are direct acid consumers. The more contaminants in the feed, the more often the unit will be at an acid constraint. Diluents do not reaction in alkylation chemistry but they take up space and decrease the effective area for isobutane and olefin to contact. With less contact, side reactions like polymerization are more likely to occur; polymerization reactions are a direct acid consumer.

To start with, the synthesis of class I and class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors has become a much-needed research process. Creating and modifying the PI3K inhibitors through the addition and elimination of organic functional groups or amino acids has allowed scientists to find the best way in attacking the irregularities formed in the body. Plenty of class I PI3K inhibitors- like those seen in Figure 3- have been identified and modified for therapeutic means. For example, GDC-0941 and BKM-120 are both inhibitors that are being considered as possible clinical trial candidates [2]. Other inhibitors have also been developed for specific PI3K isoforms which helps to highlight the usefulness of the PI3K pathways [2]. To get a better

CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals were prepared by organometallic method [26] using Cadmium oxide (CdO 98.9%) was provided by Fluka. Sulfur powder (S 99.5%), Selenium powder (Se 99%), Trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO 97%), Trioctylphosphine (TOP 90%) Hexadecylamine (HDA 97%) were purchased from Aldrich. Stearic acid 98%, Acetone 98%, Oleic acid (OA) 98%, Methanol 99%, Toluene 99% were from united chemical Lab. All chemicals and solvents had been used as received while not more purification. In the experiment, OA was used as the ligand of and TOP was used as the ligand of the Se precursor.

In this experiment, methyl benzoate was synthesized from benzoic acid and methanol with acid catalyze using Fisher Esterification. First benzoic acid and methanol were mixed in 100 mL round bottom flask. We cooled the mixture in ice and poured 3 mL of conc. H2SO4 and swirled to mix compounds. Then we refluxed the mixture for 1 hour. We let the solution cool and then decanted into a separatory funnel containing 50 mL of water and rinsed the round bottom flask with 35 mL of tert-butyl methyl ether and added that to a separatory funnel. We shook and vented thoroughly and drained the aqueous layer which contained a bulk of methanol and H2SO4. We washed the solution in the separatory funnel with 25 mL of water, followed by 25 mL of sat. sodium bicarbonate