Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, And Liability Act Analysis

1) The remedy chosen must attain a degree of cleanup that assures the protection of human health and environment. 2) The hazardous substances that will remain after the cleanup, they must meet the applicable and/or relevant and appropriate requirements under federal and state law (ARARs). 3) The remedy chosen must utilize permanent solutions and alternative treatment technologies or resource recovery technologies to the maximum extent applicable. 4) There must be cost effective response, taking into consideration total long-and short-term costs of the actions. And 5) It must be in accordance with the NCP to a practicable

(r) “Environmental Liabilities” means any obligation to pay any civil fines, penalties or costs of assessment, cleanup, removal or remediation for pollution or contamination or expenses for the modification, repair or replacement of any facilities or equipment to comply with federal, state, local or foreign environmental standards.

These chemicals when in small dosages might not be harmful but when a considerable quantity leaks it can cause damage to the environment in unprecedented ways. In the context of a chemical containing and transformation factory this essay shall outline an approach to the evaluation of environmental risks from potential spills using examples from a variety of activities; namely storage, transportation and disposal of chemicals. The individual methods or tools that should be used in the evaluation of these risks will also be discussed.

Carol Browner was the administrator for the EPA from 1993 to 2001 which gives her credibility in establishing an argument about the topic of public health. In “Clean Air Regulations Public Health” article, Browning opened by mentioning the 1997 updated air quality standards for ozone and particulate matter. Throughout the remainder of the article, it is clear that she means to inform the reader about the issues of public health and discuss how the government has attempted to improve while at the same time showing what should take priority.

Thus, showing that these groups that were formed to raise awareness truly did make an impact. One of the laws initiated was the superfund legislation that allows polluters to not only pay for repairment but also cleanup the chemical dumpsites. Another law that was established was the liability act of 1980 which donates billions of dollars to depollute toxic waste sites. Another law enforced was the legal right of evacuations which gives the citizens the right to evacuate if they see their

Accordingly, since Clendenin Bros., the policy language has been broadened—seemingly in response to Clendenin Bros. and similar cases—to include not only environmental pollution, but also, substances that are “harmful or toxic to persons [or] property.” The significance of this distinction was recognized in Clipper Mill Fed., LLC v. Cincinnati Ins. Co, 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 112172 (D.Md. 2010), where a landlord/insured alleged that damages caused by “[t]oxic and dangerous airborne pollutants” attributable to a malfunctioning HVAC unit gave rise to a claim against the insured by a tenant. Id. at 3. In that case, although the pollution at issue was not “environmental,” the District of Maryland observed that:

The clean Air Act deals with solving air pollution problems through science and new information. The purpose for this act is to decrease the amount of pollution that we give off, and work towards making the air cleaner for everyone. Although progress has been made to lower pollution levels, it still is a threat to people’s lives. A goal that was set in the year 1975 was going to try and achieve National Ambient Air Quality Standards in every state to keep people healthy.

Clean Water Act (CWA), 2) Oil Pollution Act (OPA) and, 3) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).

Under the Clean Air Act, many of these air pollutants have been reduced, but there is still a threat to the quality of life in

Toms River—the arrogance of companies in Ocean County, New Jersey affected the environment and human health from dumping waste, discharging acid-laced wastewater, and polluting the air and water exposed toxic chemicals that made children become at higher risk for cancer. Government negligence left these chemical companies avoid prosecution and dumping waste improperly became a common practice. The main idea from this book is the environment does impact your health significantly. Therefore, it is best when regulations are being managed and controlled. Also, studies should be approached in different ways to prove an evidence and remain open to new possibilities and exposures. The main problem in Toms River were regulations were not being enforced

Improved air quality wasn’t a subject of national concern until the mid 1900s. After decades of coal burning, unregulated gas emissions from cars and the excessive burning of fossil fuels, people started noticing bad air quality as a hazard to their lives. Over several decades, after seeing the costly effects air pollution was having on the environment and people’s health, interest groups like the Friends of The Earth club and the influences of Theodore Roosevelt and Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring finally came together to persuade the government to enforce legislation that would reduce air pollution. Because of these efforts, the policies of the Clean Air Act of 1963 and the Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Act of 1965, that aimed to control air pollution and raise air quality standards, helped create the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on December 2, 1970. Since then, the EPA has passed more air quality improvement acts, and amendments to previous acts passed, to increase restrictions on air pollutants, with their main policy concern being the Clean Air Act. Improved air quality acts imposed by the EPA have been successful in cleaning the United States’ air quality by reducing ground-level ozone pollution and reducing emissions, allowing for a decrease in pollution related deaths/illnesses and a better standard of living. The EPA, through regulations and the Clean Air Act, has delivered it’s promise to improve air quality in the United States.

Over the past decade a concern for protecting and preserving the environment has developed amongst United States citizens. Citizens have been promoting clean air, clean water, and clean land. Clean air means protecting the public from airborne contaminants known to be hazardous to human health. The Clean Air Act of 1970 is a law designed to control air pollution on a national level. It requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop and enforce regulations in order to protect the people (Environmental Protection Agency 2013). Clean water is water which is safe enough to be consumed by humans or used with low risk of harm. The Clean Water Act of 1972 was developed to restore and maintain the chemical, physical,

First off, the Environmental Protection Agency has to determine what the hazardous land is going to be used for in the future, then it can be determined the actions needed for the cleanup process. The EPA also has to determine if the cleanup process of the hazardous materials is a long term decision (if not the EPA continues to find a long term choice). In some cases, a cleanup remedy leaves hazardous materials on a site with certain standards that need to be met. For instance, “a parking lot t the Home Depot site in Denver, Colorado also serves as a protective cover for insoluble metals – contaminated soils; The contaminated soils were consolidated into four contaminated cells” (EPA, 2002). This particular site is just one example of many sites that are reused for commercial

The town of Woburn, MA was stricken with an epidemic of different types of leukemia, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which affected 8 families. The mere notion that such rare cases occurred within a half mile radius of each other was a call for attention. It is the plaintiff 's claim that these cases were the result of a toxic contamination of the town’s water supply by the defendant 's unintentional, improper disposal of the following chemical waste products: Trichloroethylene (TCE) and Perchlorethylene (PCE). The plaintiff accuses the defendant of the following charges: negligence of chemical procedures including, but not limited to, illegal dumping of TCE, as well as PCE, and wrongful death, resulting from a depraved indifference to human life. Given the pain and suffering the victims and their families have undergone due to the defendant’s gross negligence, the plaintiff asks for compensation for and acknowledgement of wrongdoing on the defendant 's part. The plaintiff also calls for an injunction; in order for the defendant to resume further factory work, the company must propose, and be approved of, new procedures that strictly follow the enforced regulations that ensure the safe disposal of all chemical waste.

Hazardous waste and its proper disposal have become a major sociological problem today due to its capability of contaminating the area in which we live and its potential to be lethal to all living things. In order for the United States and the rest of the world to save itself from a potentially life threatening problem they must fix the causes which lead to the improper disposal of hazardous wastes and like materials. Some reasons that hazardous waste has become a problem in the United States today is due to the breakdown in enforcing laws for the proper disposal of such wastes, a lack of initiative on big companies behalf to spend money on proper disposal, and the ease of disposing of such wastes illegally.