WHY IS THE CONCEPT OF PRESENT VALUE SO IMPORTANT FOR CORPORATE FINANCE?
The importance of concept of present value to the world of corporate finance is that present value calculations are widely used in business and economics to provide a means to compare cash flows at different times. Present Value’s definition and simplistic formula used for normal purchases, the concept’s importance to corporate finance and why present value is the very first topic taught in finance classes explain that present value is an essential knowledgeable tool to ensure we make the best decisions with our money.
However, first, What Does Present Value - PV Mean? Present value is “the current worth of a future sum of money or stream of cash flows given a
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$7700 to be received three years from now with a 5% interest rate PV = 7700 / (1 + .05) ^ 3 = 7700 / (1.157625) = $6651.55 3b. $1500 to be received five years from now with a 7% interest rate PV = 1500 / (1 + .07) ^ 5 = 1500 / (1.4025517) = $1069.48 3c. $7200 to received two years from now with an 11% interest rate PV = 7200 / (1 + .11) ^ 2 = 7200 / (1.2321) = $ 5843.68 3d. $ 680,000 to be received eight years from now with a 9% interest rate. PV = 680000 / (1 + .09) ^ 8 = 680000 / (1.9925626) =
($372 + $135 + 500) / ($2.21 - ($0.83 + .40)) = 1,028 [+/- 31]
The answers are both the same as the answers of question 2 (PV of the interest tax shield).
Scenario 2A: Operate carrier for 15 years and scrap. Assume a 0% tax rate. Based on a PV analysis where the ship is decommissioned at year
If Komandor allocates the consulting fees to the plastic products, we have to find the new price P ($/unit) of the product such as 500,000 x $0.45 + $200,000 = 500,000 x P P = $0.85/unit
P = F(1 + i)-N where i is 15% as mentioned in the case suggestions and N is 8 as we found above, and F is $1.2375B
FVN = FV5= PV × (1 +I)N = $500 x (1 + 0.08)5 = $500 x (1.08)5 = $734.66
a. I = 4%, PV = $74,000, N = 20, FV = $162,143 b. FV = $2 million, N = 25, I = 8%, PMT = $27,357 c. PMT = $160,000, N = 20, I = 4%, PV = $2,174,452 d. FV = $3.5 million, N = 30, I = 7%, PMT = $37,052
Value tax shelter = VTS = rdTD/(rsU - g) = 0.09(0.40)($200,000)/(0.12 - 0.05) = $102,857
Unit Break-even Volume = Total Fixed Costs/Contribution per unit = $525,000 - $6.40 = 82,031.25units
The cash flow has been discounted at rate of 10%. The NPV is £ - 46,700 (negative)
RE = D1/P0 + g = (D0 (1 + g))/P0 + g RE = 11.46%
We assume the price of heater/blower is P1; the price of blanket is P2. V1 stands for volume of heater/blower; V2 stands for volume of blanket. So the minimum revenues= $500,000 + (0.3P+380)*V1 + (0.4P1+0.85)*V2
5. P = $40({1 – [1/(1 + .03)]26 } / .03) + $1,000[1 / (1 + .03)26]
(Compound value solving for I) at what annual rate would the following have to be investe
1. Assume that at retirement you have accumulated $825,000 in a variable annuity contract. The assumed investment return is 5.5% and your life expectancy is 18 years. What is the hypothetical constant benefit payment?