Conceptual Model Of Occupational Therapy

As occupational therapy services diversified, serving a variety of clients in many different settings and with societal influences, the field began to evolve. During the 1990s occupational therapists began to shift away from reductionist medical model toward a more holistic client-centered approach. Services focused on enhancing individuals’ quality of life across the lifespan meaning before, during, and after therapeutic intervention. The profession began to better acknowledge the value of client education, injury and illness prevention, health screening, and health maintenance (Cole & Tufano, 2008). The field created more preventative initiatives, and focused services on improving quality of life and optimizing the independence of

Fundamentally, occupational therapy is about using meaningful activities to improve a person’s quality of life. It is the role of the therapist to meet people where they are in order to help them reach their fullest potential. Across the board, occupational therapy is about holistic functionality. That is, treating the whole person, not just a set of symptoms, in a way that is evidence-based and supported. Not a single component of the person is neglected; treatments take into account the physical, emotional, and psychological well-being of the patient, while engaging them in the healing, therapeutic power of occupation.

The occupational therapy profession shares many objectives across the communities, clients, and families they serve. Some of these aims include: “Developing the field of occupational therapy and enhance the professions capabilities to meet the needs of the entire population, providing evidence on the efficacy of occupational therapy. This includes working with organizations and local communities, incorporating education, research, and practices as a complete whole. In addition, developing a team of professionals that innovates and adapts to the developing health needs of the population” (AOTA, 2013). This includes advocacy efforts with policymakers to ensure continued funding to provide care to individuals (AOTA, 2013). Occupational therapy is a distinctive profession that helps

This link between occupation, health and well-being (i.e. the fact that people are occupational by nature and that engagement in meaningful occupation is essential to health) forms part of the core beliefs and values – the philosophy – of the occupational therapy (OT) profession (Kramer et al, 2003). OT has its foundations in both philosophy and science, but unlike other medical professions, it was the philosophy that came first

Occupational therapists work with clients to restore independence that has been lost or disrupted due to illness, injury, or disease. Occupational therapy practice involves assessing and determining an appropriate treatment approach based on the client’s disability and individual needs. There are various occupation-based models, each client-centered and grounded in theory, that guide the clinical treatment process. In addition, the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (3rd ed.; AOTA, 2014) denotes various frames of reference to guide therapists when choosing specific intervention strategies based on the client’s needs (Cole & Tufano, 2018). This paper focuses on the application of the Occupation Adaption model,

This papers purpose is to describe to the reader an Occupational therapy treatment plan and therapy session using the OTPF as its base to describe client’s performance. It is based off a case study of a 26 year old male racecar driver who suffered a traumatic brain injury and is now admitted into the hospitals ICU unit under a coma. The paper begins with a brief overview of the clients Injuries and occupational profile. It continues with goals that the therapist has set for the client and caregivers and concludes with the client’s treatment plan, along with a SOAP note which explains the client’s treatment and gives other healthcare workers information about the therapists goals and progress of the client

Occupational Therapy is a vital segment of the health care field. Individuals in this profession make a difference in the lives of others by helping their patients function effectively despite their disability, illness, or injury. They help by teaching patients many activities of daily living tasks which can include, grooming, toileting, dressing, eating, mobility, and much more! Along with the daily living tasks, Occupational Therapy helps individuals to be productive and successful in ways they want to be, like going school, taking care of others, managing their homes, preparing meals. Most importantly, they help their patients adapt to their environments and increase their independent function by helping them perform tasks with as little help from others as possible. Without Occupational Therapy, some patients with temporary disabilities could have a permanent disability. If individuals receive the Occupational treatments, they can prevent the loss of function.

Occupational therapy is a profession that is currently growing faster than anyone would have expected. Because of the increase in demands for occupational therapy services, therapists are having larger caseloads, needing the help of more occupational therapists. Occupational therapy in the mental health setting is one environment that has grown in popularity over the last decade. Knowing the benefits of occupational therapy in this setting, and the expansion of clients needing occupational therapy services, more funding needs to be established in this setting.

The occupational therapy field is frequently being left behind in the health care field because most of the public is uneducated or unaware of the Occupational Therapy practice and the research that is involved. The public also has a few concerns of OT which include the time commitment to the program, the availability of services, the impact of the therapy on other family members, and the cost involved in continued care. While there are drawbacks to Occupational Therapy, the benefits of the practice outweigh them. The value and purpose of occupational therapy is to support the health and participation of clients by engaging them in their desired occupations. Occupations are activities that reflect cultural values, provide structure to living and meaning to individuals. These activities meet human needs for self-care, enjoyment, and participation in society. There are many different types of therapy used for people with disabilities such as autism, people with limitations from strokes, sicknesses such as cancer, and they can even help prevent childhood obesity. The different types of therapy can range from interventions all the way to dolphin assisted therapy, whatever the therapist finds appropriate. The similarity is that the Occupational Therapist will research and pick the most beneficial type of therapy to proceed with for that certain type of disability or problem that person is having. I believe

Occupational Therapy, as defined by WFOT is “a client-centered health profession concerned with promoting health and well-being through occupation. The primary goal of occupational therapy is to enable people to participate in the activities of everyday life. Occupational therapists achieve this outcome by working with people and communities to enhance their ability to engage in the occupations they want to, need to, or are expected to do, or by modifying the occupation or the environment to better support their occupational engagement”. Knowing the definition of Occupational Therapy is vital to understanding the history of it, and how far this field has evolved over the years.

Occupation based interventions benefits the clients but there are various barriers that many occupational therapists face when working in medically-oriented facilities. According to Colaianni and Provident (2010), one of the barriers of (OBI) is the dominance of the biomedical model in health care practice. The mechanistic paradigm that was derived from biomedical model has diverted the professional role of concentrating on health restoring measure to remediation of body functions and impairments. According to Gray (1998), biomedical model cure disease by eliminating symptoms, reducing impairment but occupational therapy results in impairment-based treatment where the impairment and body functions become the intervention outcome. It is difficult within the medical paradigm of care to incorporate health and wellness and to fit occupations such as cooking, playing, and other pleasurable activities, which resulted in the occupational therapist struggling with professional identity.

MOHO is an occupation-focused model which “provide an overarching context of occupation that emphasizes the occupational therapists unique perspective on a client’s ability to engage in activities and participate in life” and “attempt to explain the relationship of occupation, person and environment” (Cole & Tufano, 2008, p. 61). MOHO focus on the concept of volition, habituation and performance capacity is the key to understanding human occupation (Kielhofner, 2002). The volition includes person’s values, which an individual finds meaningful to do and important, and interests and personal causation which refers to a sense of competence and effectiveness. The habituation is the given context of physical, temporal and social which influence an individual to develop a certain behavioral pattern or make new actions and decisions. And Performance capacity is a mental and physical attribution and life experiences. As these three factors that influencing an individual to engage in the occupation, MOHO aims to explain how disability and illness hinder occupational performance and it focuses on supporting the individuals to successfully perform the occupation (Kielhofner,

Occupational Therapy in children with mental disabilities is growing every year. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, about 13 percent of children ages 8 to 15 had a diagnosable mental disorder and the most common is attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Any Disorder Among Children ,n .d.).Also, children with autism spectrum disorder percent have increased its ratio, 1 of 62 children which is approximately 200,000 cases per year(Any Disorder Among Children,n .d.). Occupational Therapy practitioner impacts the ability to engage in daily life activities and help those children to develop the skills needed to be independent in their future. The Model of Human Occupational Therapy (MOHO) is a model based on client centered

In accordance with Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (OTPF), “the efforts directed toward promoting occupational justice and empowering clients to seek and obtain resources to fully participate in their daily life occupations.” (Occupational Therapy Practice Framework, 3rd Ed., p. S41). I consider occupational therapy to be a compassionate career, practitioners try to grant their clients’ wants and needs to better suit the

Due to the addition of engagement this promotes the understanding that the client can find satisfaction in engaging with occupations without performing them. It falls within the Person-Environment-Occupation Framework this is due to the focus on the influences and connections of the person and environment on meaningful occupations. The CMOP-E places the client at the centre of the model, assigning the focus on the client’s needs and wants, this creates the understanding that the client is the person who knows their life best and understands their occupational performance concerns, therefore denoting the role of the occupational therapist is not to carry out treatment or intervention on a client but with a client (Ikiugu, 2007) The CMOP-E places spirituality at the centre of the person, this is because it is believed that a person’s spirituality is where their motivation and self-concept flow from, through occupations spirituality can be found and expressed.