Conclusions Of Unknown Sample 158's Identity Being Cinnamic Acid

I. LIQUID - Identification of an Unknown Liquid: Using the physical properties of Solubility, Density, and Boiling Point.

In the last test, we had to test out a mystery powder (powder A, B, C), in its own separate test tube, in order to solve the Sherlock Holmes Mystery. Our group had powder C. When we mixed water in the mystery powder, it did not dissolve. When the litmus paper was put into the test tube it turned blue. When the vinegar was mixed it bubbled/foamed up. When we mixed the iodine solution, there was no reaction and the solution turned to a dark brown/black color. When we mixed in the baking soda there was no reaction and it turned to an even darker color.

The primary goal of this laboratory is to correctly identify an unknown substance. To achieve this task, one may use various tests that reveal both chemical and physical properties of a substance. By comparing the results of a known substance and the unknown substance, one may eliminate alternative possibilities and more accurately predict the undisclosed compound. Furthermore, by performing these tests, data can be collected and verified regarding chemical and physical properties of the unknown. Understanding the chemical properties of a known substance aids one’s understanding of the unknown based on comparative analysis of the results of the tests.

Found on Celebrity Airlines Flight 82181 were a number of substances brought on by passengers. Given that the crash was ruled a terrorist attack, identification of all substances found on and in the bodies and luggages of the victims needed to be made. To do this, empirical and molecular formulas were put into use when determining substance identities. Each substance was tested to find the percent composition of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, and then used to find the empirical formula of the substance by using 100 grams of each substance to represent 100% made up by the elements combined. The mass of each element in the substance calculated from the percent was then divided by the molar mass of that

Obtain a scintillation vial and label it using tape and a pen. For this part of the lab, make sure to record the mass of the empty vial using a digital scale before proceeding. Now, obtain 0.100 g of the same unknown substance and place into the vial. Record the exact mass again and be sure to take note of any crystal formation that occurs.

The goal of the experiment was to identify Unknown 33A and 33B. Unknown 33A was a white, crystalline solid that had a sweet cherry smell and Unknown 33B was a beige, yellowish color liquid that was translucent and had a viscosity similar to water. Also, the liquid was homogenous and smelled sour, similar to mildew.

Identifying this organic acid was an extensive task that involved several different experiments. Firstly, the melting point had to be determined. Since melting point can be determined to an almost exact degree, finding a close melting point of the specific unknown can accurately point to the identification of the acid. In this case the best melting point

An unknown was given to our group from the professor. The unknown was in nutrient broth, the group received unknown number 3. And the task was to identify the unknown and try to make an educated guess, and identify the unknown #3.

A ramp rate was first used to obtain the approximate melting point of the unknown before obtaining a more accurate melting point range of the unknown substance. Based on the rapid heating rate of the test, it was determined that the unknown substance was either Trans-cinnamic acid or Benzoin due to the wider melting point range at 132℃. After the second, slower heating rate, it was determined that the unknown might be Benzoin due to the wider melting point range. However, when experimented with the unknown and the Benzoin, the 50/50 mixture melted before the other 2 compounds had begun to change states because it was acting as an impurity instead of melting at the same time. If the unknown and the possibly known substance were the same compound, those two compounds plus the mixture would have melted at the same time. The Trans-cinnamic acid was then compared to the unknown substance, which resulted in two compounds and the mixture melting at the same time, which had a melting point range of 133 to 136.2℃. According to the results of the melting point ranges given, the melting point range of Trans-cinnamic acid should be 132-135℃. The experimented results were 133-136.2℃, which are about a degree higher than what they should be, but the compounds and the 50/50 mixture all melted at the same time, making the unknown substance Trans-cinnamic

Ka is the acid dissociation constant and [HA] is the concentration of the weak acid . Strong acids usually completely dissociate and has a Ka value greater than 1. Weak acids don’t dissociate completely and have a Ka value much smaller than 1. pKa values are often used for weak acids due to being able to work with whole numbers

The guiding question of this ADI lab was, “What are the identities of the unknown compounds?” The goal of this lab was to understand the relationships between moles and molar mass to find the identity of unknown compounds. The mole can be used to measure small amounts of a substance or is used to convert from unit to unit using dimensional analysis. One mole is equivalent to the molar mass in grams of that substance. If you start with the moles of an unknown substance, multiply it by a given compound’s molar mass, and then divide it by however many moles are in the compound of your choice, you will get the mass of the compound. With that answer you can then compare with mass of the compound in the bag to determine its identity. We first started

The purpose of this experiment is to identify an unknown substance by measuring the density and boiling point. I will be able to conclude which substance is my own from a list of known options stating what its real boiling point and density is.

The purity and identity of the product can be determined through the use of smell, IR spectroscopy and melting point determination. A general idea of what the ester is can be obtained by smell. Esters can have specific smells and if the scent can be determined, one may have an idea of the ester was created. IR spectroscopy will identify the bonds of the functional groups. The ester can be considered pure if there are no additional peaks on the IR spectrum. For example, if a peak corresponding to an alcohol group appeared on the IR spectrum it would mean the ester is not completely pure. Melting point can also be used to confirm the identity and how pure the final product is. Comparison of the experimental melting point and the literature value allows for determination of how close the experimental value is to the literature value. If the experimental value is within the range of the literature value, the product can be considered pure.

By Using specific methods of compounds detection, we can match an unknown compound with a known compound because similar compounds will display similar characteristics. In this experiment, identifications of the unknown ketone was accomplished using thin layer chromatography, melting point, and NMR spectrometry. Thin layer chromatography is very quick but sensitive way of determining the components of a mixture or a specific compound from a list of knowns. This method is the one which was utilized in the

From the table four appropriate simple tests can be conducted in order to determine the structure type and identify the four white powders. This includes conducting tests of melting point, flame color, solubility and the conductivity in water (H20). The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which the material changes from a solid to a liquid state. The determination of melting points is a form of identification and test method for organic substance. The melting point is an easy way measure and classify substances. Testing the flame color is an appropriate test as metal ions change the color of a flame when they are heated. Different metal ions give different colors to the flame. So flame tests can be used to identify the presence of a particular metal in a sample. Solubility is appropriate as a solvent a substance will dissolve in gives hints to its identity. Conductivity in water (H20) identifies if a substance is ionic or molecular. If a solution of compound and water has high conductivity level, the compound is ionic if not it is molecular.