Conducting An Empirical Analysis On The Entire Population Under Study

To begin with, statistics can be defined as the practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data in large quantities, especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a whole from those in a representative sample. Criminal justice on the other hand is defined as the system of practices and institutions of governments directed at upholding social control, deterring and mitigating crime, or sanctioning those who violate laws with criminal penalties and rehabilitation efforts. The use of statistics has been around for decades in a number of scholarly disciplines. More specifically, it has been an important vehicle in obtaining better knowledge in the field of criminal justice. This paper will discuss the role of statistics in criminal justice.

Develop questions you would like to address based on the data you retrieved? (Note you do not have to answer these questions for this assignment.) What juvenile delinquency programs or initiatives are available to potentially address the crime or criminal justice issue?

According to Acharya, Prakash, Saxena, and Nigam (2013), sampling designs are classified into two categories: probability sample and non-probability sample. Probability sampling aids in the generalizability of the results because individuals in the population have an equal chance of being selected to participate in the study (Acharya et al., 2013). With the non-probability sampling method, every individual does not have the same chances of being included (Frankfort-Nachmias, & Nachmias,

For the public defenders and prosecutors, I will ask the head of each group for verbal consent to carry out the research. For the homeless population, I will use convenience sampling when sending out surveys. I will walk around the general vicinity and ask the clients, if they can spare 15 minutes for the research. They will be asked to complete a series of questions. The surveys will differ depending on the group. For the public defenders, the questions will focus on the scope of the issues that their office faces. When it comes to the prosecutors, the questions will focus on whether or not, they want any change to the current state of affairs. Lastly, for the clients, the questions will focus on their experience with the criminal justice system and what kind of changes they

Probability sampling, also known as random sampling, requires that every member of the study population have an equal opportunity to be chosen as a study subject. For each member of the population to have an equal opportunity to be chosen, the sampling method must select members randomly. Probability sampling allows every facet of the study population to be represented without researcher bias. Four common sampling designs have been developed for selection of a random sample: simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster sampling, and systematic sampling (Burns & Grove,

In this essay, I will appraise the sampling methods used in the following two case studies:

When conducting research in the criminal justice profession, one will find that there are both ethical and unethical issues that relate to the research process. Through this discussion, the author will describe different aspects a researcher could perceive as an ethical or unethical issue. The author will explain the role and purpose of different research in the criminal justice profession by identifying various types of criminal justice research. The author will also describe different roles of ethics in conducting research that an individual could expect to find. Lastly, the author will provide examples of how to conduct ethically sound research comparing both the ethical and wrong types of studies in the field of criminal justice.

The population of interest is a sample of offenders in various (state and federal) prison facilities in the United States. The study will include a sampling pool of both male and females ranging in age 18+. To help with initial involvement, the study will include: a cover letter, a consent form, a pre-demographic and information survey, and a self-addressed stamped envelope. To ensure a response, a reminder and thank you card will be sent to each participant two-weeks after the initial packet was sent.

Bohm, R. M., & Haley, K. N. (2014). Introduction to Criminal Justice (8th ed.). New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill Education.

*For accurate inference, researchers need to analyze data drawn from representative samples. Discuss some of the practical limitations to doing so for qualitative and quantitative approaches.

Maxfield and Babbie in their book “Research Methods for Criminal justice and Criminology” provide examples, applications, and study tools for students to learn how to conduct a research in criminal justice.

The sample size is a non probability sampling. The problem with non probability sampling is that an element being drawn is not known, so there is no way to tell if the sample chosen represents the population (Madden & Walker, 2005, p. 333). Although there are slight problems in using a non probability sampling, it is more convenient, less expensive, and easier to collect data than other sampling methods (Madden & Walker, 2005, p. 333).

Sample locations should be established according to a probabilistic sample design by dividing the total area into sample plots. Sample plots are chosen in a quantity to adequately represent the area being

The most important part of describing the research process in criminology and criminal justice research methods consists of being familiar with terminology. The knowledge of proper terminology can be an asset when evaluating, and analyzing research studies or data. However, not knowing the proper terminology when conducting research could affect an officer’s report negatively. Those interested in the study of criminology and criminal justice has a wide range of research methods. Following the research process will strengthen the chance of obtaining a successful, well researched project.

From the list of criminological/criminal justice journals in the first chapter, go to the library and choose a recent issue of one of these. Now choose an article that has an empirical (quantitative) orientation and answer or do the following: Note: You may not use the same research article you used to complete Assignment 1.1.