Connection Oriented And Connectionless Oriented Routing

A: OSI stands for Open System Interconnection. The main aim of the OSI layer is to implement protocols of a networking framework.

The fifth layer is the session layer this establishes a connection,this layer makes and sets up the connection using co ordinates and could terminate conversations links. the session layer produces services that make authentication after an interruption and not only that but it can reconnect.and as well as the transporting layer it can also have the TCP and the UDP can provide services for all most all applications.An application layer is an abstraction layer that specifies the shared protocols and interface methods used by hosts in a communications network. The application layer abstraction is used in both of the standard models of computer networking; the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and the Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model).Although both models use the same term for their respective highest level layer, the detailed definitions and purposes are different.In TCP/IP, the application layer contains the communications protocols and interface methods used in process-to-process communications

The Router protocols implemented will be a OSPF which stands for (open shortest path first). Because of the large network being introduced this protocol will be the most useful. This protocol operates on Internal Gateway Protocols by routing the most direct path and using the bandwidth most optimally. This not only reduces the use of

The OSI (Open System Interconnection) model is a set of specifications that allow computers around the world to openly communicate. It is pivotal to understanding and developing computer to computer communications in a network. Each layer plays a role in the process of sending and receiving data. The application layer is the top layer (layer seven) it promotes communication between programs and lower-layer network services. The services at this layer allow the network to decipher a program's request and the program to decipher data sent from the network. The Application layer protocols, programs handles formatting, procedure, security, synchronization, and any other requirements with the network. The Presentation Layer (layer 6) acts as a translator. For instance these protocols decode the jpg/jpeg files sent within the Web server’s HTTP response. So, in the last step (the Application layer) we enter the Web address and it took us to the Web site. This step allows us to see the images and content of the site. The Session Layer (layer 5) regulates and controls the communication between two nodes on the network. It is an ongoing exchange of data between the two and keeps the connection between them for the duration. It keeps the communication secure, detects whether or not the communication has been cut off and if it has it determines where to restart the

AODV are utilized, instead of broadcasting data packets, S start off a route discovery protocol that requires broadcasting smaller Route Request

The OSI Model is a model is used to define how data is theoretically passed on a network. Each layer is responsible and has its own duties for a network. The name of layer 3 in the OSI is the Network Layer. This layer is responsible for creating the paths for the transmission of data across the network. This layer provides routing and switching capabilities, as well as, internetworking, congestion control, and packet sequencing (Beal, 1999).

Access control refers to the mechanisms that identify who can and cannot access a network, resource, application, specific action.

In general, on the internet, every packet follows 5 layers of structures (Application, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical). Since I have to talk about Connection-Oriented and Connectionless as a service, I will focus on the Transport layer because they are part of this layer. It allows multiple applications to use one network connection simultaneously, the layer will create ports on your computer allowing them to be reserved and used by the Application layer. Let's say that port 3600 will be used to send a message to port 80 of some other computer, whenever the port is ready to send a message, it passed on to Transport layer. In this layer, it wraps the message inside the Segment which contains some additional

Host A will use application for the OS while allowing the PC to still communicate to other devices. Transport will control the data sent and received. The network will place IP addresses to the packets allowing data to be added to the MAC addresses and physical link between host and lines.

4. Transport protocols resemble those you studied in Data Link Layer since both will have to deal with error control, sequencing, flow control etc. Still the two differ significantly. How? elaborate with at least 4 differences.

3.p16 The purpose of access control is to regulate interactions between a subject and an object, such as data, a network or device

The purpose of this paper is to provide a better understanding of switching and routing used in a network environment and familiarize the reader with various hardware and software associated with there functions. This paper will look at some switching concepts that will include store and forward switching, cut through switching, fragment free switching, and V-Lan. This paper will also cover routing concepts, along with some comparisons including routed vs. routing protocols, Classful vs. classless protocols, and distance vector vs. link state protocols.

RBAC is among the simplest and flexible forms of access control. MAC is normally associated or linked to matters relating to the military and or national security. It conforms or is frequently used in situations whereby there is one major form of authority leading the rest of the pack. It is based on the premise of one directional flow in a trellis. MAC focuses on the need of restricting others to certain forms of information that are considered sensitive and one would need clearance to access the same. Clearance denotes the

Confidentiality: Access controls help ensure that only authorized subjects can access objects. When unauthorized entities are able to access systems or data, it results in a loss of confidentiality.

Access control: The ability to permit or deny the use of an object (a passive entity such as a system or file) by a subject (an active entity such as a person or process).