Connection to Personality Pathology
Even though maltreatment is not a disorder it tends to be a risk factor that can lead to other disorders in an individual’s life. Maltreatment can be thought of as a gate way symptom to many personality disorders due to how maltreatment can affect an individual in various ways. Also, depending on the type of maltreatment individual experiences, it can lead to a certain predisposition to certain disorders. For instance, if an individual is sexually abused they tend to lead to a personality pathology to borderline personality disorder. Even though borderline personality disorder is not always an outcome of sexual abuse, but there tends to be a correlation between the trauma and disorder. For instance, Ogata, Silk, Goodrick, Lohr, et al, (1990) conducted a study that found a significantly higher rate of reports of sexual abuse in patients with borderline personality disorders than patients who have major depression disorder.
Also with maltreatment we have to look at who the abuser was in relation to the child who received the abused. Trickett, Noll, and Putnam (2011), conducted a study that look at how sexual abuse effect females at different developmental periods as they progress in their life after the maltreatment. This was 23 yearlong longitudinal study look at the pattern of abuse that these young women endured and how the outcomes impact them later in life. They found that there were three keep pattern types. “The first pattern
The way this study was carried out was, through a survey called the NESARC that was administered to a group of 43,093 individuals in the first wave of interview questions, and 34,653 individuals in the second wave of the survey. Wave 2 assessed childhood maltreatment, and all the data collected by face-to-face interviews. Childhood maltreatment was measured through different questions based on the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Conflict Tactics Scale. The questions asked the subjects about whether they have ever experienced emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, or physical neglect.
After the extreme partisanship of 1800, it was expected by supporters and foes alike that the presidential administration of Thomas Jefferson would pioneer substantial and even radical changes. The federal government was now in the hands of a relentless man and a persistent party that planned to diminish its size and influence. But although he overturned the principal Federalist domestic and foreign policies, Thomas Jefferson generally pursued the course as a chief executive, quoting his inaugural address “We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists.” With true republicans warming most of the seats of power throughout the branches, except in the Judiciary, he saw the tools of government as less of a
There are significant signs of psychological trauma due to any kind of abuse. Children experience feelings of low self esteem and depression. Many exhibit behavioral problems including aggression towards other children. Other emotional problems include hostility, fear, humiliation and the inability to express feelings. The social impacts of physical abuse include inability to form relationships, poor social skills, poor cognitive language skills, distrust of others, over-compliance with authority figures, and tendency to solve interpersonal problems with aggression. (2008, p. 1). Verbal and physical abuse has a cumulative impact on children’s socialization. Abused children are caught in damaged relationships and are not socialized in positive, supportive way (Craig & Dunn, Ex.: 2010, p. 196). They learn defiance, manipulation and other problem behaviors that are used to escape any maltreatment. In turn they will learn to exploit, degrade and terrorize.
A person who is physically abused reacts in society differently then others. The way a person interact socially molds the way society accepts and works with them. Teisl and Cicchetti (2008) study showed that children who are maltreated are more aggressive and disruptive them those who are not maltreated. People develop the basis how is it appropriate to act in society at a young age. When trauma takes place, like physical abuse, it disrupts the process. Some research done on students in high school has shown that the abuse had lower effectiveness. This may mean that the students are able to develop effective coping skills or that the full effects have not yet emerged (Kamsner & McCabe, 2000). It was made known
“...Madman!- he sprung to his feet, and shrieked out his syllables, as if in the effort he were giving up his soul”(Poe 277). The short stories, The Fall in the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe, and The Minister’s Black Veil by Nathaniel Hawthorne explore fear in a deeper context. Fear is a very common emotion. Fear is the result of encounters with the unknown. The Fall in the House of Usher, shows a very anxious Roderick Usher sending for a childhood friend to console him. The Minister’s Black Veil, is a story about a minister that is surrounded by hypocrisy and has taken upon himself to shield it with a veil. The fear and dread and analyzed in these stories show how the mind reacts to being
Psychologists perform many studies related to Borderline Personality Disorder. One study in adults proves that 2-8% of adults suffer from BPD. In the same study, psychologist discovered that in fact the disorder is far more common in women than in men. After obtaining research in children and teens we see the frequency of BPD in 9-19 years of age is about 11%. This study or theory also proves that BPD occurs more often in girls than in boys. Borderline Personality Disorder can be triggered or caused in many different ways. Some people suffer from BPD due to a disturbing childhood experience. Studies show this disorder could even be genetic. There are numerous reasons why a child, teen, adult can develop traits and eventually suffer from BPD. Many patients tell or report abuse or neglect during childhood or some pivotal time in their life. The most common abuse reported tends to be sexual abuse as a child. Forty to seventy percent of patients with Borderline Personality Disorder, who suffered abuse as a child, claim the abuse was sexual in nature. Other important causes revolve around family neglect, foster care, or trauma. BPD patients have an increased fear of losing a primary attachment figure. With higher awareness of BPD, we now know this disorder’s high personal, social, and economic toll make it a national public health
During the study it has been found that victims that have suffered childhood abuse also have exposure to multiple types of abuse such as maltreatment and bullying. Also the effect depends on
Child maltreatment is a term that covers a broad spectrum of child mistreatment including, child abuse (physical, sexual, and emotional) and child neglect (emotional and physical). Long term effects of child maltreat vary depending on the severity of the abuse or neglect and the length of time that the child is exposed to the abuse (i.e. if it is a onetime event or ongoing chronic exposure). As Greeson, et al. (2011), points out, child maltreatment experiences tend to be both chronic and multifaceted, creating multiple long term consequences for adult survivors.
The goal of this paper is to provide relevant informations that can help individuals understand the how development may differ among those who have experienced childhood maltreatment.
Ray Bradbury said ‘’ we need to be really bothered once in a while, I think he means that the people individually have become adopted with television. They are world is television. Nothing matter they are watch petty arguing of the people on the TV screen. Also they are not allowed to read book. Children are growing up without parents because they do not care about family. People don’t care about what happen around world. They only believe what the government said. I think Ray Bradbury trying to say to people sometime we need to speak up, don’t stay blind, Figure out that is true or false. See the world.
The safety and security of many children across the world are in danger due to physical abuse. Child abuse has been linked to an assortment of changes in the brain which result in psychological, behavioral, and academic problems. While it is unclear whether the population that had been maltreated as children is accurate, physical maltreatment in the first 5 years of life places a child at risk for a variety of psychological and behavioral problems during adolescence. The following three literature reviews attempts to prove and support the premise.
Family violence is always disheartening. Childhood sexual abuse is by far the worse. There are many forms of childhood sexual abuse. The sexual abuse can involve seduction by a beloved relative or it can be a violent act committed by a stranger. Childhood sexual trauma causes psychological, interpersonal, and behavioral. This paper will show a first account of the impact of childhood trauma.
Maltreated children are at increased risk for suffering from psychological disorders throughout their lifespan (CDC, 2014; Draper, Pfaff, Snowdon, & Lautenschlager, 2008; Fitzpatrick, Carr, Dooley, Flanagan-Howard,
Child abuse is a term impacted by copious multidimensional and interactive factors that relate to its origins and effects upon a child's developing capacities and which may act as a catalyst to broader, longer-term implications for adulthood. Such maltreatment may be of a sexual, physical, emotional or neglectful nature, each form holding a proportion of shared and abuse-specific psychological considerations (Mash & Wolfe, 2005). Certainly in terms of the effects / impairments of abuse, developmental factors have been identified across all classifications of child abuse, leading to a comparably greater risk of emotional / mental health problems in adult life within the general population
Child abuse takes a variety of forms and is influenced by a variety of factors, individual characteristics of the victim and abuser, the