Conquered Controlled Creoles DBQ

Between the 1500s and 1800s the Spanish controlled vast amounts of lands in the Americas. Their sovereignty extended from the southern tip of South America all the way up to the coast of California, along with various Islands in the Caribbean. Throughout the reign of the Spanish, racial diversity among the population impacted social stability. The elite’s determination to maintain power and lower classes’ aim for upward social mobility were constant struggles during Spanish rule. Since class was determined based on ethnicity, social stability was directly correlated with racial diversity.

Those creoles pushing towards revolution to free themselves from Spanish rule felt that the Spanish crown was only abusing, discriminating and holding them back form growing economically. The elite felt they were not part of a revolution seeing themselves only as people who were All those part of the social context of Latin America, felt differently within Indians, on side of the Spanish King, though great abuse fell through. "Nonetheless, the Indians of New Spain (and elsewhere) enjoyed a set of legal privileges, exemptions, and protection which significantly interferes with their complete integration into colonial society, and kept them in a legal bubble of tutelage ruptured only with the advent of independent Mexican nationhood in the third decade of the nineteenth century (Van Young, 154). The point here is that where these and other legal and administrative remedies were applied in favor of the Indians of colonial New Spain, they were applied in the kings' name. Furthermore, religious and civic ritual of all kinds constantly stressed the centrality of the Spanish king to the colonial commonwealth, and his benevolence and fatherly concern with the welfare of his weakest subjects (Van Young 155). "Situated as they were between the Spaniards and the masses. The creoles wanted more than equality for themselves and less than equality for their inferiors" (Lynch, 44). The creoles discriminated against those in lower classes than themselves.

The success and vigorous pursuit of freedom from oppression in the French Revolution inspired the Haitians to believe that they were capable of doing the same; the Haitians, being treated like animals, wanted their inherent rights. The overbearing French governing body had collapsed and the Third Estate was likely to receive a brighter future. The Haitians were still locked down as property and animals, but they craved to have the inherent rights that all men are privileged to. The French got their rights while the Haitians did not; this was quite the volatile scenario ready to fall off the self and spark revolution.

The very thought of peasants devising an insurgence terrified the Creoles. Leslie Bethell, the author of The Independence of Latin America wrote about the Napoleon Bonaparte and the invasion of Spain. “The Creoles had one eye on their masters, they kept the other on their servants.”(Doc F) Implying that the Creoles were very aware of the social classes due to the fact that the higher class was outnumbered. Living in terror of the uprising of their slaves. “They had to move quickly to anticipate popular rebellion, convinced that if they did not seize the opportunity, more dangerous forces would do so.”(Doc F) Creoles had to promptly protect themselves and prepare to defend due to the fall of the Monarchy in 1808, leaving their lives and property

As the revolutionary time period continued to surge, the Haitian revolted against the French as giving way for political independence and the freedom of the inhabitants, however the economy diminished for many countries did not want to trade with the Haitians. With the success in the Haitian revolution, the Haitians gained political freedom from the French and created their own government in 1804. Not only did the Haitians gain political freedom, but they also abolished slavery for the citizens and gained the right to be a free man and a citizen. Since the slave revolution succeed, many countries blocked communication and economic trade with the Haitians in fear of their slaves revolting which dwindled the economic success that previously occurred with the French.

As a mix of diverse people gave rise to a new social structure and introduced a cultural blending in the Spanish empire, located in Latin America, eventually a growing population of lower-classed non-white people became angered at the privileges of the whites. Being denied the status, wealth and power that were given to whites, the mestizos and the mulattoes resented the Spanish. Masses of enslaved Africans and the many populations that were looked down upon suffered economic misery and longed for freedom, eventually leading revolutions across Latin America. Those revolted were motivated by love for one’s race and freedom, like what Father Miguel Hidalgo says in Document A of the Latin American DBQ, “we are not Europeans; we are not Indians;

Significant Findings: There were several things that revealed their major importance throughout this monograph. Hanger believes that the success of the libres contributed abundantly to the prosperity and importance of New Orleans’s antebellum success. Hanger suggests that the libres experienced significant demographic growth and economic success within this region due to the more “tolerant” Spanish legislation and policies and efforts from the libres themselves when it came to developing and maintaining status and networking. Throughout this monograph, the author demonstrates how Louisiana slaves gained their freedom, acquired wealth and property, developed substantial contacts with whites and other free blacks, and managed to play an increasingly important role in society. This thought process was in major contrast with some of the lead theorists and ideas in regards to this subject. One extremely interesting idea was in the discovery that most of the libres had no problem with the institution of slavery itself, as long as they themselves were not subjected to being a slave. They preferred to themselves in a completely different separate category than their slave counterparts. In fact, it becomes apparent that most freed blacks, both men and women, actually favored the institution of slavery. Some libres even owned their own

Revolutions hit Latin America, and the fight for independence would change history forever. In the early 1800’s the lower class known as Mulattos, Mestizos and mid-class creoles were in a battle for a new form of government, against the abundant and powerful peninsulares. Rebellions in Latin America were fueled by the unjust distribution of food, wealth, and power.

After enlightenment ideals began to spread across the globe, revolutions and wars for independence became commonplace throughout the world. After the French revolution, many countries and colonies began to follow suit and desire major changes in their colonies whether it be independence or equality/rights for all citizens. One such colony where this took place was the French colony of Saint-Domingue. The revolution, which took place here, was one not originally for independence but for equality among at least three different classes of people. These classes were the white French settlers, the gens de couleur and finally the slaves. Many traditional narratives of the Haitian Revolution say the fighting in Saint-Domingue was civil war fought between three distinct groups , closer examination of primary sources show that some white settlers, many of the gens de couleur, and slaves fought toward the same goal.

Many of the countries around the Atlantic wanted that taste of freedom. The concept of equal rights was huge and highly influenced the people who were not granted any during these revolutionary movements. In Haiti, many of the people living there were of color and had been victims of slavery all their lives, over time, they too decided it was time for a change, for example, “The free coloreds, inspired by the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man, were also quickly drawn into politics, with the encouragement of the Société des Amis des Noirs (Society of Friends of Blacks), which campaigned for the abolition of the slave trade and for equal rights for free coloreds” (Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism 1). Before having their own revolution, Haiti was home to about 500,000 slaves in comparison to the 40,000 whites, and 30,000 free blacks. This means that the number of slaves living there outnumbered the amount of whites by a vast amount, so over time they decided it was time to gain their freedom too. According to World History in Context, “Conflict among and between whites, and between whites and free coloreds, had thus come close to civil war and it was in these tense circumstances that political factionalism among the minorities was suddenly overtaken by the greatest slave rebellion yet seen in the Americas” (Encyclopedia of Western

Beginning with the Haitians, the French’s social system in Haiti was solely based on race, gender, and wealth which imposed a tight and rigid social structure and the majority of the Africans living there became slaves. In one article, it was stated that “Haitian society was deeply fragmented by skin colour, class, and gender”. This racial segregation may have occurred due to a slave movement occurring around the 17th century to 18th century where wealthy landowners would buy slaves in order to increase the production of goods at a low cost. A book called Avengers of the New World by Laurent Dubois which details the events of the Haitian Revolution mentions, “Free people of color, many of them wealthy planters, others serving in colonial military or police units, had proven their value and loyalty to the French regime… And yet they were being prevented by whites from participating in the political assemblies of the colony”.

For the philosophy, Berlin concentrates on the general history of a zone, for instance, the enclaves or "costal plants" that served as "locales of business meeting for all way of transoceanic traders."[6] By portraying the range's past, Berlin permits the peruser to see the improvement of society that prompted the making of such individuals as the Atlantic creoles, result of their time and place. Later, when the Atlantic creoles are moved to terrain North America, Berlin again depicts the range and creating social orders that permitted the creoles to adjust and acclimatize to a degree. Once the foundation of the range is known, Ira Berlin moves onto particular samples to demonstrate precisely how the Atlantic creoles responded to their surroundings.

Venezuelan independence split the Creole class into two political factions, liberals, and conservatives. In addition, independence motivated many Creoles to remove themselves from politics and pass their power to local caudillos, or soldiers. (Williamson 233-234) (Greene 105-106)

The formulation of the National Assembly in St. Domingue gave way to numerous minor revolts, which occurred. Therefore, this factor was also responsible for the outbreak of the Haitian revolution. The grand blancs denied the mulattoes representation in the assembly, but later on, managed to pacify the colored’s by allowing them equality with the whites in the military. However, in

In the book “Uncle Brother”, language played an important role in shaping the cultural identities of the natives in Trinidad; this was emphasized by the use of Trinidadian dialect and Standard English. Trinidadian dialect was used to embrace the culture of the laborers also symbolizing their cultural identity; in the language they can understand. For instance, “Ent I tell you I go be all right?” quoted from page 55. The extensive use of Creole by the natives was prevalent because of their lack of proper education. This is because during the early 20th Century, the British controlled the education system where only the upper class benefited from primary and secondary education whereas, individuals of the lower class couldn’t afford to send their children to school, slowing down the education process. According to Dr. Ruby King , the view was widely held that with the removal of the controls which slavery provided it caused the destabilization of society in the Caribbean. Education was looked to as the mechanism for averting this impending catastrophe and ensuring the continued existence of the white planter class. Therefore, these individuals (natives) would speak in their common language which was Creole. The author’s incorporation of Trinidadian Creole helped to exemplify the identity of the